【Python】栈的应用——自定义进制转换函数

Python中有很多便捷的函数，例如进制转换中bin()函数、oct()函数、hex()函数。

那么要自定义它们怎么办？

众所周知，十进制转其他进制，原理是不断除其取余知道结束，最后倒序输出即可，那么栈的先进后出机制正好可以派上用场~~~

目录

十进制转二进制

十进制转八进制

十进制转十六进制

 总结

---

十进制转二进制：

from pythonds.basic import Stack   #这句蛮重要的，勿忘

def divideBy2(decNumber):
    remstack = Stack()
    while decNumber > 0:
        rem = decNumber % 2
        remstack.push(rem)
        decNumber //= 2

    binString = ""
    while not remstack.isEmpty():
        binString += str(remstack.pop())

    return binString

n = int(input())
print(f"0b{divideBy2(n)}")

十进制转八进制：

from pythonds.basic import Stack

def divideBy8(decNumber):
    remstack = Stack()
    while decNumber > 0:
        rem = decNumber % 8
        remstack.push(rem)
        decNumber //= 8

    octString = ""
    while not remstack.isEmpty():
        octString += str(remstack.pop())

    return octString

n = int(input())
print(f"0o{divideBy8(n)}")

十进制转十六进制： 

from pythonds.basic import Stack

def divideBy16(decNumber):
    remstack = Stack()
    sixteen = ['A','B','C','D','E','F']
    while decNumber > 0:
        rem = decNumber % 16
        if rem > 9:
            rem = sixteen[rem - 10]
        remstack.push(rem)
        decNumber //= 16

    hexString = ""
    while not remstack.isEmpty():
        hexString += str(remstack.pop())

    return hexString

n = int(input())
print(f"0x{divideBy16(n)}")

 总结：

 哦！每一个进制都要一个独立的代码，有点繁琐了。那只用一份代码完成以上三种的转换呢？

from pythonds.basic import Stack

def convert(decNumber, base):
    num = "0123456789ABCDEF" 
    remstack = Stack()
    while decNumber > 0:
        rem = decNumber % base
        remstack.push(rem)
        decNumber //= base

    binString = ""
    while not remstack.isEmpty():
        binString += num[remstack.pop()]

    return binString

n, m = map(int,input().split())
if m == 2:
    print(f"0b{convert(n, m)}")
elif m == 8:
    print(f"0o{convert(n, m)}")
else:
    print(f"0x{convert(n, m)}")