導入數據庫

SQL Server导入导出整理

文章来源：mixiaobo.cnblogs.com

在网上胡乱找了一些，适合收藏： 

/*******  导出到excel
EXEC master..xp_cmdshell ‘bcp SettleDB.dbo.shanghu out c:/temp1.xls -c -q -S”GNETDATA/GNETDATA” -U”sa” -P”"‘

/***********  导入Excel
SELECT *
FROM OpenDataSource( ‘Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0′,
  ‘Data Source=”c:/test.xls”;User ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0′)…xactions

/*动态文件名
declare @fn varchar(20),@s varchar(1000)
set @fn = ‘c:/test.xls’
set @s =”’Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0′’,
‘’Data Source=”‘+@fn+’”;User ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0′'’
set @s = ‘SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource (‘+@s+’)…sheet1$’
exec(@s)
*/

SELECT cast(cast(科目编号 as numeric(10,2)) as nvarchar(255))+’　’ 转换后的别名
FROM OpenDataSource( ‘Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0′,
  ‘Data Source=”c:/test.xls”;User ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0′)…xactions

/********************** EXCEL导到远程SQL
insert OPENDATASOURCE(
         ‘SQLOLEDB’,
         ‘Data Source=远程ip;User ID=sa;Password=密码’
         ).库名.dbo.表名 (列名1,列名2)
SELECT 列名1,列名2
FROM OpenDataSource( ‘Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0′,
  ‘Data Source=”c:/test.xls”;User ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0′)…xactions
/** 导入文本文件
EXEC master..xp_cmdshell ‘bcp dbname..tablename in c:/DT.txt -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword’

/** 导出文本文件
EXEC master..xp_cmdshell ‘bcp dbname..tablename out c:/DT.txt -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword’
或
EXEC master..xp_cmdshell ‘bcp “Select * from dbname..tablename” queryout c:/DT.txt -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword’

导出到TXT文本，用逗号分开
exec master..xp_cmdshell ‘bcp “库名..表名” out “d:/tt.txt” -c -t ,-U sa -P password’
BULK INSERT 库名..表名
FROM ‘c:/test.txt’
WITH (
    FIELDTERMINATOR = ‘;’,
    ROWTERMINATOR = ‘/n’
)
–/* dBase IV文件
select * from
OPENROWSET(’MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0′
,’dBase IV;HDR=NO;IMEX=2;DATABASE=C:/’,’select * from [客户资料4.dbf]’)
–*/

–/* dBase III文件
select * from
OPENROWSET(’MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0′
,’dBase III;HDR=NO;IMEX=2;DATABASE=C:/’,’select * from [客户资料3.dbf]’)
–*/

–/* FoxPro 数据库
select * from openrowset(’MSDASQL’,
‘Driver=Microsoft Visual FoxPro Driver;SourceType=DBF;SourceDB=c:/’,
’select * from [aa.DBF]’)
–*/

/**************导入DBF文件****************/
select * from openrowset(’MSDASQL’,
‘Driver=Microsoft Visual FoxPro Driver;
SourceDB=e:/VFP98/data;
SourceType=DBF’,
’select * from customer where country != “USA” order by country’)
go
/***************** 导出到DBF ***************/
如果要导出数据到已经生成结构(即现存的)FOXPRO表中,可以直接用下面的SQL语句

insert into openrowset(’MSDASQL’,
‘Driver=Microsoft Visual FoxPro Driver;SourceType=DBF;SourceDB=c:/’,
’select * from [aa.DBF]’)
select * from 表

说明:
SourceDB=c:/  指定foxpro表所在的文件夹
aa.DBF        指定foxpro表的文件名.

 
/*************导出到Access********************/
insert into openrowset(’Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0′,
   ‘x:/A.mdb’;'admin’;'’,A表) select * from 数据库名..B表

/*************导入Access********************/
insert into B表 selet * from openrowset(’Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0′,
   ‘x:/A.mdb’;'admin’;'’,A表)

文件名为参数
declare @fname varchar(20)
set @fname = ‘d:/test.mdb’
exec(’SELECT a.* FROM opendatasource('’Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0′’,
    ‘'’+@fname+”’;'’admin'’;”'’, topics) as a ‘)

SELECT *
FROM OpenDataSource( ‘Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0′,
  ‘Data Source=”f:/northwind.mdb”;Jet OLEDB:Database Password=123;User ID=Admin;Password=;’)…产品

*********************  导入 xml　文件

DECLARE @idoc int
DECLARE @doc varchar(1000)
–sample XML document
SET @doc =’

 
     
      Customer was very satisfied
     
  
  
     
            Important
            Happy Customer.
     
     
  

‘
– Create an internal representation of the XML document.
EXEC sp_xml_preparedocument @idoc OUTPUT, @doc

– Execute a SELECT statement using OPENXML rowset provider.
SELECT *
FROM OPENXML (@idoc, ‘/root/Customer/Order’, 1)
      WITH (oid     char(5),
            amount  float,
            comment ntext ‘text()’)
EXEC sp_xml_removedocument @idoc

/**********************Excel导到Txt****************************************/
想用
select * into opendatasource(…) from opendatasource(…)
实现将一个Excel文件内容导入到一个文本文件

假设Excel中有两列，第一列为姓名，第二列为很行帐号(16位)
且银行帐号导出到文本文件后分两部分，前8位和后8位分开。
如果要用你上面的语句插入的话,文本文件必须存在,而且有一行:姓名,银行账号1,银行账号2
然后就可以用下面的语句进行插入
注意文件名和目录根据你的实际情况进行修改.

insert into
opendatasource(’MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0′
,’Text;HDR=Yes;DATABASE=C:/’
)…[aa#txt]
–,aa#txt)
–*/
select 姓名,银行账号1=left(银行账号,8),银行账号2=right(银行账号,8)
from
opendatasource(’MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0′
,’Excel 5.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=2;DATABASE=c:/a.xls’
–,Sheet1$)
)…[Sheet1$]

 

如果你想直接插入并生成文本文件,就要用bcp

declare @sql varchar(8000),@tbname varchar(50)

–首先将excel表内容导入到一个全局临时表
select @tbname=’[##temp’+cast(newid() as varchar(40))+’]’
 ,@sql=’select 姓名,银行账号1=left(银行账号,8),银行账号2=right(银行账号,8)
 into ‘+@tbname+’ from
opendatasource('’MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0′’
,'’Excel 5.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=2;DATABASE=c:/a.xls'’
)…[Sheet1$]’
exec(@sql)

–然后用bcp从全局临时表导出到文本文件
set @sql=’bcp “‘+@tbname+’” out “c:/aa.txt” /S”(local)” /P”" /c’
exec master..xp_cmdshell @sql

–删除临时表
exec(’drop table ‘+@tbname)
/********************导整个数据库*********************************************/

用bcp实现的存储过程
/*
 实现数据导入/导出的存储过程
         根据不同的参数,可以实现导入/导出整个数据库/单个表
 调用示例:
–导出调用示例
—-导出单个表
exec file2table ‘zj’,'’,'’,'xzkh_sa..地区资料’,'c:/zj.txt’,1
—-导出整个数据库
exec file2table ‘zj’,'’,'’,'xzkh_sa’,'C:/docman’,1

–导入调用示例
—-导入单个表
exec file2table ‘zj’,'’,'’,'xzkh_sa..地区资料’,'c:/zj.txt’,0
—-导入整个数据库
exec file2table ‘zj’,'’,'’,'xzkh_sa’,'C:/docman’,0

*/
if exists(select 1 from sysobjects where name=’File2Table’ and objectproperty(id,’IsProcedure’)=1)
 drop procedure File2Table
go
create procedure File2Table
@servername varchar(200)  –服务器名
,@username varchar(200)   –用户名,如果用NT验证方式,则为空'’
,@password varchar(200)   –密码
,@tbname varchar(500)   –数据库.dbo.表名,如果不指定:.dbo.表名,则导出数据库的所有用户表
,@filename varchar(1000)  –导入/导出路径/文件名,如果@tbname参数指明是导出整个数据库,则这个参数是文件存放路径,文件名自动用表名.txt
,@isout bit      –1为导出,0为导入
as
declare @sql varchar(8000)

if @tbname like ‘%.%.%’ –如果指定了表名,则直接导出单个表
begin
 set @sql=’bcp ‘+@tbname
  +case when @isout=1 then ‘ out ‘ else ‘ in ‘ end
  +’ “‘+@filename+’” /w’
  +’ /S ‘+@servername
  +case when isnull(@username,'’)='’ then ‘’ else ‘ /U ‘+@username end
  +’ /P ‘+isnull(@password,'’)
 exec master..xp_cmdshell @sql
end
else
begin –导出整个数据库,定义游标,取出所有的用户表
 declare @m_tbname varchar(250)
 if right(@filename,1)’/’ set @filename=@filename+’/’

 set @m_tbname=’declare #tb cursor for select name from ‘+@tbname+’..sysobjects where xtype='’U”’
 exec(@m_tbname)
 open #tb
 fetch next from #tb into @m_tbname
 while @@fetch_status=0
 begin
  set @sql=’bcp ‘+@tbname+’..’+@m_tbname
   +case when @isout=1 then ‘ out ‘ else ‘ in ‘ end
   +’ “‘+@filename+@m_tbname+’.txt ” /w’
   +’ /S ‘+@servername
   +case when isnull(@username,'’)='’ then ‘’ else ‘ /U ‘+@username end
   +’ /P ‘+isnull(@password,'’)
  exec master..xp_cmdshell @sql
  fetch next from #tb into @m_tbname
 end
 close #tb
 deallocate #tb
end
go
/************* Oracle **************/
EXEC sp_addlinkedserver ‘OracleSvr’,
   ‘Oracle 7.3′,
   ‘MSDAORA’,
   ‘ORCLDB’
GO

delete from openquery(mailser,’select *  from yulin’)

select *  from openquery(mailser,’select *  from yulin’)

update openquery(mailser,’select * from  yulin where id=15′)set disorder=555,catago=888

insert into openquery(mailser,’select disorder,catago from  yulin’)values(333,777)