设计模式之组合模式

定义：将对象组合成树形结构以表示‘部分-整体’的层次结构。组合模式使得用户对单个对象和组合对象的使用具有一致性。

优点：

1. 基本对象可以被组合成更复杂的组合对象，而这个组合对象又可以被组合，这样不断地递归下去，客户代码中，任何用到基本对象的地方都可以使用组合对象。
2. 组合模式让客户可以一致地使用组合结构和单个对象。

缺点：必须有一致地行为。

适用于组织结构，产品结构的整体与部分的结构。

代码实现：

#include <iostream>
#include <list>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

class Company
{
	public:
		Company(string name)
		{
			m_name = name;
		}
		virtual ~Company(){}
		virtual void Add(Company* pCom){}
		virtual void Show(int depth){}
	protected:
		string m_name;
};


//具体公司
class ConcreteCompany : public Company
{
	public:
		ConcreteCompany(string name) : Company(name){}
		virtual ~ConcreteCompany(){}
		void Add(Company* pCom)
		{
			m_listCompany.push_back(pCom);	//位于树的中间，可以增加子树
		}
		void Show(int depth)
		{
			for(int i = 0;i < depth;i++)
			{
				cout << "-";
			}
			cout << m_name << endl;
			list<Company*>::iterator iter = m_listCompany.begin();
			for(;iter != m_listCompany.end();iter++)
			{
				(*iter)->Show(depth + 2);
			}
		}
	private:
		list<Company*>m_listCompany;
};

//具体部门，财务部
class FinanceDepartment: public Company
{
	public:
		FinanceDepartment(string name) : Company(name){}
		virtual ~FinanceDepartment(){}
		virtual void Show(int depth)	//只需显示，无需添加函数，因为已是叶子结点
		{
			for(int i = 0;i < depth;i++)
			{
				cout << "-";
			}
			cout << m_name << endl;
		}
};

//具体部门，人力资源部
class HRDepartment : public Company
{
	public:
		HRDepartment(string name): Company(name){}
		virtual ~HRDepartment(){}
		virtual void Show(int depth)
		{
			for(int i = 0;i < depth;i++)
			{
				cout << "-";
			}
			cout << m_name << endl;
		}
};

int main()
{
	Company* root  = new ConcreteCompany("总公司");
	Company* leaf1 = new FinanceDepartment("财务部");
	Company* leaf2 = new HRDepartment("人力资源部");
	root -> Add(leaf1);
	root -> Add(leaf2);
	
	//分公司A
	Company* mid1  = new ConcreteCompany("分公司A");
	Company* leaf3 = new FinanceDepartment("财务部");
	Company* leaf4 = new HRDepartment("人力资源部");
	mid1 -> Add(leaf3);
	mid1 -> Add(leaf4);
	root -> Add(mid1);
	
	//分公司B
	Company* mid2  = new ConcreteCompany("分公司B");
	Company* leaf5 = new FinanceDepartment("财务部");
	Company* leaf6 = new HRDepartment("人力资源部");
	mid2 -> Add(leaf5);
	mid2 -> Add(leaf6);
	root -> Add(mid2);
	root -> Show(0);
	
	delete leaf1;
	delete leaf2;
	delete leaf3;
	delete leaf4;
	delete leaf5;
	delete leaf6;
	delete mid1;
	delete mid2;
	delete root;
	
	
	return 0;
}