观察者模式涉及到2个对象:观察者和被观察者
但是并不是观察者时时观察着被观察者,而是被观察者改变时通知观察它的观察者。
所以更倾向于叫它:订阅播报模式。
订阅后当有更新的时候主动通知订阅者
/**
* 观察者(订阅者)接口
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public interface Observer {
public void notify();
}
public class Student implements Obser{
@Override
public void update() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("我知道书单更新了");
}
}
//被观察者
public interface Oberverle {
public void addObser(Obser o);
public void removeObser(Obser o);
public void notify();
}
public class Book implements Oberverle{
List<Obser> list;
public Book() {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
list=new ArrayList<>();
}
@Override
public void addObser(Obser o) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
list.add(o);
}
@Override
public void removeObser(Obser o) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
list.remove(o);
}
@Override
public void update() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
for (Obser obser : list) {
obser.update();
}
}
}
//测试
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Student s=new Student();
Book b=new Book();
b.addObser(s);
//b.removeObser(s);
b.update();
}
}
以下百度百科
//观察者,需要用到观察者模式的类需实现此接口
public interface Observer{
void update(Object...objs);
}
//被观察者(一个抽象类,方便扩展)
public abstract class Observable{
public final ArrayList<Class<?>> obserList = new ArrayList<Class<?>>();
/**AttachObserver(通过实例注册观察者)
*<b>Notice:</b>obcan'tbenull,oritwillthrowNullPointerException
**/
public<T> void registerObserver(T ob){
if(ob==null) throw new NullPointerException();
this.registerObserver(ob.getClass());
}
/**
*AttachObserver(通过Class注册观察者)
*@paramcls
*/
public void registerObserver(Class<?> cls){
if(cls==null) throw new NullPointerException();
synchronized(obserList){
if(!obserList.contains(cls)){
obserList.add(cls);
}
}
}
/**UnattachObserver(注销观察者)
*<b>Notice:</b>
*<b>ItreverseswithattachObserver()method</b>
**/
public<T>void unRegisterObserver(Tob){
if(ob==null) throw new NullPointerException();
this.unRegisterObserver(ob.getClass());
}
/**UnattachObserver(注销观察者,有时候在未获取到实例使用)
*<b>Notice:</b>
*<b>ItreverseswithattachObserver()method</b>
**/
public void unRegisterObserver(Class<?>cls){
if(cls==null) throw new NullPointerException();
synchronized(obserList){
Iterator<Class<?>>iterator=obserList.iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()){
if(iterator.next().getName().equals(cls.getName())){
iterator.remove();
break;
}
}
}
}
/**detachallobservers*/
public void unRegisterAll(){
synchronized(obserList){
obserList.clear();
}
}
/**Ruturnthesizeofobservers*/
public int countObservers(){
synchronized(obserList){
returnobserList.size();
}
}
/**
*notify all observer(通知所有观察者,在子类中实现)
*@paramobjs
*/
public abstract void notifyObservers(Object... objs);
/**
*notify one certain observer(通知某一个确定的观察者)
*@paramcls
*@paramobjs
*/
public abstract void notifyObserver(Class<?> cls, Object... objs);
/**
*notifyonecertainobserver
*@paramcls
*@paramobjs
*/
public abstract<T> void notifyObserver(T t, Object... objs);
}
//目标被观察者
public class ConcreteObservable extends Observable{
private static ConcreteObservableinstance = null;
private ConcreteObservable(){};
public static synchronized ConcreteObservablegetInstance(){
if(instance == null){
instance=newConcreteObservable();
}
returninstance;
}
@Override
public <T> void notifyObserver(T t, Object... objs){
if(t == null) throw new NullPointerException();
this.notifyObserver(t.getClass(), objs);
}
@Override
public void notifyObservers(Object... objs){
for(Class<?>cls : obserList){
this.notifyObserver(cls, objs);
}
}
//通过java反射机制实现调用
@Override
public void notifyObserver(Class<?>cls, Object...objs){
if(cls == null) throw new NullPointerException();
Method[] methods = cls.getDeclaredMethods();
for(Method method : methods){
if(method.getName().equals("update")){
try{
method.invoke(cls,objs);
break;
}catch(IllegalArgumentException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}catch(IllegalAccessException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}catch(InvocationTargetException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
//使用(实现Observer接口)
public class Text extends Activity implements Observer{
publicvoidonCreate(...){
ConcreteObservable.getInstance().registerObserver(Text.class);
....
}
//实现接口处理
publicvoidupdate(Object...objs){
//做操作,比如更新数据,更新UI等
}
}
重点内容