原文:http://network.is-programmer.com/posts/19961.html
重叠I/O的基本原理是让应用程序使用重叠的数据结构,投递一个或多个I/O请求。
在winsock中的重叠数据结构定义是WSAOVERLAPPED,用来完成重叠I/O的方式有两种,1事件通知 2完成实例
在事件通知方式中,通过WSAOVERLAPPED结构将每个socket和事件关联在一起,通过调用WSARcev等非阻塞函 数,将WSAOVERLAPPED结构体与其关联。调用WSAWaitForMultipleEvents函数等待事件,这个函数可以放到另外一个线程中 进行处理,当数据到达后会存放到之前WSARcev中的buf中。
编程顺序如下:
1 创建一个套接字,开始在指定的端口上侦听
2 接收一个入站的连接请求
3 为接受的套接字新建一个WSAOVERLAPPED结构,并为该结构分配一个事件对象句柄。也将该事件对象分配给一个事件数组,以便稍后由WSAWaitForMultipleEvents函数使用。
4 将WSAOVERLAPPED结构指定参数,在套接字上投递一个异步WSARecv请求。
5 使用步骤3的数组,调用WSAWaitForMultipleEvents函数,并等待与重叠调用关联在一起的事件。
6 使用WSAGetOverlappedResult函数,判断重叠调用的返回状态
7 函数完成后,针对事件数组,调用WSAResetEvent函数,重设事件对象,并对完成的事件请求进行处理。
8 在套接字上重新投递另一个WSARecv请求
9 重复步骤5-8
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#define PORT 5500
#define MSGSIZE 1024
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")
typedef
struct
{
WSAOVERLAPPED overlap;
WSABUF Buffer;
char
szMessage[MSGSIZE];
DWORD
NumberOfBytesRecvd;
DWORD
Flags;
}PER_IO_OPERATION_DATA, *LPPER_IO_OPERATION_DATA;
int
g_iTotalConn = 0;
SOCKET g_CliSocketArr[MAXIMUM_WAIT_OBJECTS];
WSAEVENT g_CliEventArr[MAXIMUM_WAIT_OBJECTS];
LPPER_IO_OPERATION_DATA g_pPerIODataArr[MAXIMUM_WAIT_OBJECTS];
DWORD
WINAPI WorkerThread(
LPVOID
);
void
Cleanup(
int
);
int
main()
{
WSADATA wsaData;
SOCKET sListen, sClient;
SOCKADDR_IN local, client;
DWORD
dwThreadId;
int
iaddrSize =
sizeof
(SOCKADDR_IN);
// Initialize Windows Socket library
WSAStartup(0x0202, &wsaData);
// Create listening socket
sListen = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
// Bind
local.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
local.sin_family = AF_INET;
local.sin_port = htons(PORT);
bind(sListen, (
struct
sockaddr *)&local,
sizeof
(SOCKADDR_IN));
// Listen
listen(sListen, 3);
// Create worker thread
CreateThread(NULL, 0, WorkerThread, NULL, 0, &dwThreadId);
while
(TRUE)
{
// Accept a connection
sClient = accept(sListen, (
struct
sockaddr *)&client, &iaddrSize);
printf
(
"Accepted client:%s:%d/n"
, inet_ntoa(client.sin_addr), ntohs(client.sin_port));
g_CliSocketArr[g_iTotalConn] = sClient;
// Allocate a PER_IO_OPERATION_DATA structure
g_pPerIODataArr[g_iTotalConn] = (LPPER_IO_OPERATION_DATA)HeapAlloc(
GetProcessHeap(),
HEAP_ZERO_MEMORY,
sizeof
(PER_IO_OPERATION_DATA));
g_pPerIODataArr[g_iTotalConn]->Buffer.len = MSGSIZE;
g_pPerIODataArr[g_iTotalConn]->Buffer.buf = g_pPerIODataArr[g_iTotalConn]->szMessage;
g_CliEventArr[g_iTotalConn] = g_pPerIODataArr[g_iTotalConn]->overlap.hEvent = WSACreateEvent();
// Launch an asynchronous operation
WSARecv(
g_CliSocketArr[g_iTotalConn],
&g_pPerIODataArr[g_iTotalConn]->Buffer,
1,
&g_pPerIODataArr[g_iTotalConn]->NumberOfBytesRecvd,
&g_pPerIODataArr[g_iTotalConn]->Flags,
&g_pPerIODataArr[g_iTotalConn]->overlap,
NULL);
g_iTotalConn++;
}
closesocket(sListen);
WSACleanup();
return
0;
}
DWORD
WINAPI WorkerThread(
LPVOID
lpParam)
{
int
ret, index;
DWORD
cbTransferred;
while
(TRUE)
{
ret = WSAWaitForMultipleEvents(g_iTotalConn, g_CliEventArr, FALSE, 1000, FALSE);
if
(ret == WSA_WAIT_FAILED || ret == WSA_WAIT_TIMEOUT)
{
continue
;
}
index = ret - WSA_WAIT_EVENT_0;
WSAResetEvent(g_CliEventArr[index]);
WSAGetOverlappedResult(
g_CliSocketArr[index],
&g_pPerIODataArr[index]->overlap,
&cbTransferred,
TRUE,
&g_pPerIODataArr[g_iTotalConn]->Flags);
if
(cbTransferred == 0)
{
// The connection was closed by client
Cleanup(index);
}
else
{
// g_pPerIODataArr[index]->szMessage contains the received data
g_pPerIODataArr[index]->szMessage[cbTransferred] =
'/0'
;
send(g_CliSocketArr[index], g_pPerIODataArr[index]->szMessage,cbTransferred, 0);
// Launch another asynchronous operation
WSARecv(
g_CliSocketArr[index],
&g_pPerIODataArr[index]->Buffer,
1,
&g_pPerIODataArr[index]->NumberOfBytesRecvd,
&g_pPerIODataArr[index]->Flags,
&g_pPerIODataArr[index]->overlap,
NULL);
}
}
return
0;
}
void
Cleanup(
int
index)
{
closesocket(g_CliSocketArr[index]);
WSACloseEvent(g_CliEventArr[index]);
HeapFree(GetProcessHeap(), 0, g_pPerIODataArr[index]);
if
(index < g_iTotalConn - 1)
{
g_CliSocketArr[index] = g_CliSocketArr[g_iTotalConn - 1];
g_CliEventArr[index] = g_CliEventArr[g_iTotalConn - 1];
g_pPerIODataArr[index] = g_pPerIODataArr[g_iTotalConn - 1];
}
g_pPerIODataArr[--g_iTotalConn] = NULL;
}