餐馆那些事之：Decorator Pattern

1. 概述
Decorator Pattern：提供了一种通过组合给类增加职责的方法。和通过子类给类添加责任相比，这种方式更加灵活。
类图：

Object：抽象接口
ConcreteObject：工作类（需要添加责任的类）
Decorator：维护一个指向Object的指针，从而可以通过组合的方式为ConcreteObject类添加责任
ConcreteDecoratorX：待添加的新责任类

2. 实例
餐馆的厨师以前只要负责做菜就好了，洗菜，切菜什么的都有专门的人负责，后来餐馆生意不行了，洗菜、切菜的员工都被裁了，这些活现在也要厨师干了，so，使用Decorator Pattern为厨师们加点活。
代码：

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

//Object
class Employee
{
public:
	virtual ~Employee()
	{
	}
	
	virtual void work() = 0;
};

//ConcreteObject
class Cook : public Employee
{
public:
	virtual ~Cook()
	{
	}
	
	virtual void work()
	{
		cout << "Cook do the cooking" << endl;
	}
};

//Decorator
class Decorator : public Employee
{
public:
	Decorator(Employee* emp)
	{
		_emp = emp;
	}
	
	virtual ~Decorator()
	{
	}
	
	virtual void work()
	{
		_emp->work();
	}
private:
	Employee* _emp;
};

//ConcreteDecorator
class Cutter_Washer_Decorator : public Decorator
{
public:
	Cutter_Washer_Decorator(Employee* emp): Decorator(emp)
	{
	}
	
	virtual ~Cutter_Washer_Decorator()
	{
	}
	
	void cut()
	{
		cout << "Cook cut" << endl;
	}
	
	void wash()
	{
		cout << "Cook wash" << endl;
	}
	
	virtual void work()
	{
		cut();
		wash();
		Decorator::work();
	}
};
//client
int main() 
{
	Employee* emp_cook = new Cook();
	Employee* emp_decorator = new Cutter_Washer_Decorator(emp_cook);
	
	emp_decorator->work();
	
	if(emp_cook)
	{
		delete emp_cook;
		emp_cook = NULL;
	}
	if(emp_decorator)
	{
		delete emp_decorator;
		emp_decorator = NULL;
	}
	
	return 0;
}

运行输出：
Cook cut
Cook wash
Cook do the cooking