作者：Jack_lin（公众号ID:iOSDevSkills）
写在前面
APP开发避免不开系统权限的问题，如何在APP以更加友好的方式向用户展示系统权限，似乎也是开发过程中值得深思的一件事。
那如何提高APP获取iOS系统权限的通过率呢？有以下几种方式:1.在用户打开APP时就向用户请求权限；2.告知用户授权权限后能够获得好处之后，再向用户请求权限；3.在绝对必要的情况下才向用户请求权限，例如：用户访问照片库时请求访问系统相册权限；4.在展示系统权限的对话框前，先向用户显示自定义的对话框，若用户选择不允许，默认无操作，若用户选择允许，再展示系统对话框。
上述情况在开发过程中是经常遇到的，不同方式的选择会影响最后用户交互体验。这一点感悟正是源于上一周工作遇到的问题：适配iOS10，如何获取应用联网权限用以管理系统对话框的显示管理。当我把这个问题解决后，感觉有必要将常用的iOS系统权限做一个总结，以便后用。
权限分类
-
联网权限
-
相册权限
-
相机、麦克风权限
-
定位权限
-
推送权限
-
通讯录权限
-
日历、备忘录权限
联网权限
引入头文件 @import CoreTelephony;
应用启动后，检测应用中是否有联网权限
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CTCellularData *cellularData = [[CTCellularData alloc]init];
cellularData.cellularDataRestrictionDidUpdateNotifier = ^(CTCellularDataRestrictedState state){
//获取联网状态
switch
(state) {
case
kCTCellularDataRestricted:
NSLog(@
"Restricrted"
);
break
;
case
kCTCellularDataNotRestricted:
NSLog(@
"Not Restricted"
);
break
;
case
kCTCellularDataRestrictedStateUnknown:
NSLog(@
"Unknown"
);
break
;
default
:
break
;
};
};
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查询应用是否有联网功能
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CTCellularData *cellularData = [[CTCellularData alloc]init];
CTCellularDataRestrictedState state = cellularData.restrictedState;
switch
(state) {
case
kCTCellularDataRestricted:
NSLog(@
"Restricrted"
);
break
;
case
kCTCellularDataNotRestricted:
NSLog(@
"Not Restricted"
);
break
;
case
kCTCellularDataRestrictedStateUnknown:
NSLog(@
"Unknown"
);
break
;
default
:
break
;
}
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相册权限
iOS 9.0之前
导入头文件@import AssetsLibrary;
检查是否有相册权限
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ALAuthorizationStatus status = [ALAssetsLibrary authorizationStatus];
switch
(status) {
case
ALAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
NSLog(@
"Authorized"
);
break
;
case
ALAuthorizationStatusDenied:
NSLog(@
"Denied"
);
break
;
case
ALAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
NSLog(@
"not Determined"
);
break
;
case
ALAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
NSLog(@
"Restricted"
);
break
;
default
:
break
;
}
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相册权限--iOS 8.0之后
导入头文件@import Photos;
检查是否有相册权限
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PHAuthorizationStatus photoAuthorStatus = [PHPhotoLibrary authorizationStatus];
switch
(photoAuthorStatus) {
case
PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
NSLog(@
"Authorized"
);
break
;
case
PHAuthorizationStatusDenied:
NSLog(@
"Denied"
);
break
;
case
PHAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
NSLog(@
"not Determined"
);
break
;
case
PHAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
NSLog(@
"Restricted"
);
break
;
default
:
break
;
}
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![Uploading 144446-b8aca7ba38c5f8c0_695906.png . . .]获取相册权限
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[PHPhotoLibrary requestAuthorization:^(PHAuthorizationStatus status) {
if
(status == PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) {
NSLog(@
"Authorized"
);
}
else
{
NSLog(@
"Denied or Restricted"
);
}
}];
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相机和麦克风权限
导入头文件@import AVFoundation;
检查是否有相机或麦克风权限
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AVAuthorizationStatus AVstatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];
//相机权限
AVAuthorizationStatus AVstatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio];
//麦克风权限
switch
(AVstatus) {
case
AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
NSLog(@
"Authorized"
);
break
;
case
AVAuthorizationStatusDenied:
NSLog(@
"Denied"
);
break
;
case
AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
NSLog(@
"not Determined"
);
break
;
case
AVAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
NSLog(@
"Restricted"
);
break
;
default
:
break
;
}
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获取相机或麦克风权限
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[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {
//相机权限
if
(granted) {
NSLog(@
"Authorized"
);
}
else
{
NSLog(@
"Denied or Restricted"
);
}
}];
[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {
//麦克风权限
if
(granted) {
NSLog(@
"Authorized"
);
}
else
{
NSLog(@
"Denied or Restricted"
);
}
}];
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定位权限
导入头文件@import CoreLocation;
由于iOS8.0之后定位方法的改变，需要在info.plist中进行配置；
配置文件
检查是否有定位权限
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BOOL isLocation = [CLLocationManager locationServicesEnabled];
if
(!isLocation) {
NSLog(@
"not turn on the location"
);
}
CLAuthorizationStatus CLstatus = [CLLocationManager authorizationStatus];
switch
(CLstatus) {
case
kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways:
NSLog(@
"Always Authorized"
);
break
;
case
kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse:
NSLog(@
"AuthorizedWhenInUse"
);
break
;
case
kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied:
NSLog(@
"Denied"
);
break
;
case
kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
NSLog(@
"not Determined"
);
break
;
case
kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
NSLog(@
"Restricted"
);
break
;
default
:
break
;
}
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获取定位权限
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CLLocationManager *manager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];
[manager requestAlwaysAuthorization];
//一直获取定位信息
[manager requestWhenInUseAuthorization];
//使用的时候获取定位信息
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在代理方法中查看权限是否改变
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- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didChangeAuthorizationStatus:(CLAuthorizationStatus)status{
switch
(status) {
case
kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways:
NSLog(@
"Always Authorized"
);
break
;
case
kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse:
NSLog(@
"AuthorizedWhenInUse"
);
break
;
case
kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied:
NSLog(@
"Denied"
);
break
;
case
kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
NSLog(@
"not Determined"
);
break
;
case
kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
NSLog(@
"Restricted"
);
break
;
default
:
break
;
}
}
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推送权限
检查是否有通讯权限
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UIUserNotificationSettings *settings = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] currentUserNotificationSettings];
switch
(settings.types) {
case
UIUserNotificationTypeNone:
NSLog(@
"None"
);
break
;
case
UIUserNotificationTypeAlert:
NSLog(@
"Alert Notification"
);
break
;
case
UIUserNotificationTypeBadge:
NSLog(@
"Badge Notification"
);
break
;
case
UIUserNotificationTypeSound:
NSLog(@
"sound Notification'"
);
break
;
default
:
break
;
}
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获取推送权限
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UIUserNotificationSettings *setting = [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:UIUserNotificationTypeSound | UIUserNotificationTypeAlert | UIUserNotificationTypeBadge categories:nil];
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerUserNotificationSettings:setting];
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通讯录权限
iOS 9.0之前
导入头文件 @import AddressBook;
检查是否有通讯录权限
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ABAuthorizationStatus ABstatus = ABAddressBookGetAuthorizationStatus();
switch
(ABstatus) {
case
kABAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
NSLog(@
"Authorized"
);
break
;
case
kABAuthorizationStatusDenied:
NSLog(@
"Denied'"
);
break
;
case
kABAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
NSLog(@
"not Determined"
);
break
;
case
kABAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
NSLog(@
"Restricted"
);
break
;
default
:
break
;
}
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获取通讯录权限
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ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreateWithOptions(NULL, NULL);
ABAddressBookRequestAccessWithCompletion(addressBook, ^(bool granted, CFErrorRef error) {
if
(granted) {
NSLog(@
"Authorized"
);
CFRelease(addressBook);
}
else
{
NSLog(@
"Denied or Restricted"
);
}
});
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iOS 9.0及以后
导入头文件 @import Contacts;
检查是否有通讯录权限
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CNAuthorizationStatus status = [CNContactStore authorizationStatusForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts];
switch
(status) {
case
CNAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
{
NSLog(@
"Authorized:"
);
}
break
;
case
CNAuthorizationStatusDenied:{
NSLog(@
"Denied"
);
}
break
;
case
CNAuthorizationStatusRestricted:{
NSLog(@
"Restricted"
);
}
break
;
case
CNAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:{
NSLog(@
"NotDetermined"
);
}
break
;
}
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获取通讯录权限
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CNContactStore *contactStore = [[CNContactStore alloc] init];
[contactStore requestAccessForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
if
(granted) {
NSLog(@
"Authorized"
);
}
else
{
NSLog(@
"Denied or Restricted"
);
}
}];
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日历、备忘录权限
导入头文件
检查是否有日历或者备忘录权限
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typedef NS_ENUM(NSUInteger, EKEntityType) {
EKEntityTypeEvent,
//日历
EKEntityTypeReminder
//备忘
};
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EKAuthorizationStatus EKstatus = [EKEventStore authorizationStatusForEntityType:EKEntityTypeEvent];
switch
(EKstatus) {
case
EKAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
NSLog(@
"Authorized"
);
break
;
case
EKAuthorizationStatusDenied:
NSLog(@
"Denied'"
);
break
;
case
EKAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
NSLog(@
"not Determined"
);
break
;
case
EKAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
NSLog(@
"Restricted"
);
break
;
default
:
break
;
}
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获取日历或备忘录权限
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EKEventStore *store = [[EKEventStore alloc]init];
[store requestAccessToEntityType:EKEntityTypeEvent completion:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
if
(granted) {
NSLog(@
"Authorized"
);
}
else
{
NSLog(@
"Denied or Restricted"
);
}
}];
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最后一点
素有获取权限的方法，多用于用户第一次操作应用，iOS 8.0之后，将这些设置都整合在一起，并且可以开启或关闭相应的权限。所有的权限都可以通过下面的方法打开：
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[[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:UIApplicationOpenSettingsURLString]];
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上述的权限多为经常用到的权限，当然不会很全面，大家如有需要其他的权限，可以在下方评论，我会及时加上去的。
希望这篇文章能够给大家的开发带来一些便利。
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