Spring依赖注入的方式(3种):
1.属性注入:是通过setter方法注入Bean的属性值或依赖的对象(使用多)
方法:<property name=" " value=" " ref=" ">
<bean id="userInfo" class="com.UserInfo" scope="singleton">
<property name="userName" value="悟空"></property>
<property name="userId" value="1001"></property>
<property name="department" ref="department"></propety>
</bean>
2.构造器注入:是通过构造方法注入Bean的属性值或依赖的对象(使用少):是通过构造方法注入Bean的属性值或依赖的对象
第一步:在类中需要生成构造方法
第二步:在bean.xml中
<!--部门的bean 构造方法注入-->
方法:<constructor-arg>
1.按索引下标匹配参数
<!--按索引下标来匹配参数>
<bean id="department" class="com.Department">
<constructor-arg index="0" value="102"/>
<constructor-arg index="1" value="技术部"/>
</bean>
2.按参数类型匹配参数
<!--按参数类型配置参数-->
<bean id="userInfo" class="com.UserInfo">
<constructor-arg value="1002" type="java.lang.Integer"/>
<constructor-arg value="八戒" type="java.lang.String"/>
<constructor-arg value="department" type="com.Department"/>
</bean>
3.接口(工厂方法注入)(极少使用)
实例1:属性注入
1.结构目录:
代码:
Department.java
package com;
public class Department {
private Integer deId;
private String deName;
public void setDeId(Integer deId) {
this.deId = deId;
}
public void setDeName(String deName) {
this.deName = deName;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Department [deId=" + deId + ", deName=" + deName + "]";
}
}
UserInfo.java
package com;
public class UserInfo {
private Integer userId;
private String userName;
private Department department;
public void setUserId(Integer userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public void getUserName() {
System.out.println("姓名1:"+userName);
}
public void setDepartment(Department department) {
this.department = department;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "UserInfo [userId=" + userId + ", userName=" + userName + ", department=" + department + "]";
}
}
Test.java
package test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.UserInfo;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
BeanFactory bf=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
UserInfo user=(UserInfo)bf.getBean("userInfo");
System.out.print(user);//UserInfo [userId=1, userName=悟空, department=Department [deId=101, deName=技术部]]
user.getUserName();//姓名1:悟空
}
}
beans.java
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">
<!-- 部门的bean -->
<bean id="department" class="com.Department">
<property name="deId" value="101"></property>
<property name="deName" value="技术部"></property>
</bean>
<!-- UserInfo的bean -->
<!--
UserInfo userInfo=new UserInfo();
userInfo.setUserName("悟空");
-->
<bean id="userInfo" class="com.UserInfo">
<property name="userId" value="001"/> <!-- 属性值注入 -->
<property name="userName" value="悟空"/> <!-- 属性值注入 -->
<property name="department" ref="department"></property> <!-- 对象注入 -->
</bean>
</beans>
打印结果:
UserInfo [userId=1, userName=悟空, department=Department [deId=101, deName=技术部]]姓名1:悟空
实例2:构造器注入
1.结构目录
2.代码
Department.java
package com;
public class Department {
private Integer deId;
private String deName;
public void setDeId(Integer deId) {
this.deId = deId;
}
public void setDeName(String deName) {
this.deName = deName;
}
//构造方法,无参和有参
public Department() {};
public Department(Integer deId, String deName) {
super();
this.deId = deId;
this.deName = deName;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Department [deId=" + deId + ", deName=" + deName + "]";
}
}
Test.java
package test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.Department;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
BeanFactory bf=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
Department de=(Department)bf.getBean("department");
System.out.print(de);
}
}
beans.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">
<!-- 部门的bean -->
<!-- 1.按索引下标匹配参数 -->
<!--
<bean id="department" class="com.Department">
<constructor-arg index="0" value="101"/>
<constructor-arg index="1" value="研发部"/>
</bean>
-->
<!-- 2.按参数类型匹配参数 -->
<bean id="department" class="com.Department">
<constructor-arg value="八戒" type="java.lang.String"></constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg value="110" type="java.lang.Integer"></constructor-arg>
</bean>
</beans>
打印结果:
Department [deId=110, deName=八戒]