4.spring 依赖注入 - 对象的属性注入的三种方式

Spring依赖注入的方式（3种）：

1.属性注入：是通过setter方法注入Bean的属性值或依赖的对象(使用多）
方法：<property name=" " value=" " ref=" ">

<bean id="userInfo" class="com.UserInfo" scope="singleton">
<property name="userName" value="悟空"></property>
<property name="userId" value="1001"></property>
<property name="department" ref="department"></propety>
</bean>

2.构造器注入：是通过构造方法注入Bean的属性值或依赖的对象（使用少）：是通过构造方法注入Bean的属性值或依赖的对象
第一步：在类中需要生成构造方法
第二步：在bean.xml中
<!--部门的bean 构造方法注入-->

 

方法:<constructor-arg>

 

1.按索引下标匹配参数
<!--按索引下标来匹配参数>
<bean id="department" class="com.Department">
<constructor-arg index="0" value="102"/>
<constructor-arg index="1" value="技术部"/>
</bean>
2.按参数类型匹配参数
<!--按参数类型配置参数-->
<bean id="userInfo" class="com.UserInfo">
<constructor-arg value="1002" type="java.lang.Integer"/>
<constructor-arg value="八戒" type="java.lang.String"/>
<constructor-arg value="department" type="com.Department"/>
</bean>

 

3.接口（工厂方法注入）（极少使用）

 

 

实例1：属性注入

1.结构目录：

代码：

Department.java

 

package com;

public class Department {
	private Integer deId;
	private String deName;
	
	public void setDeId(Integer deId) {
		this.deId = deId;
	}
	public void setDeName(String deName) {
		this.deName = deName;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Department [deId=" + deId + ", deName=" + deName + "]";
	}
	
}

 

 

UserInfo.java

 

package com;

public class UserInfo {
	
	private Integer userId;
	private String userName;
	private Department department;

	public void setUserId(Integer userId) {
		this.userId = userId;
	}


	public void setUserName(String userName) {
		this.userName = userName;
	}

	public void getUserName() {
		System.out.println("姓名1:"+userName);
	}
	
	public void setDepartment(Department department) {
		this.department = department;
	}


	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "UserInfo [userId=" + userId + ", userName=" + userName + ", department=" + department + "]";
	}



}

Test.java

 

package test;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.UserInfo;

public class Test {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		BeanFactory bf=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
		UserInfo user=(UserInfo)bf.getBean("userInfo");
		
		System.out.print(user);//UserInfo [userId=1, userName=悟空, department=Department [deId=101, deName=技术部]]
		
		user.getUserName();//姓名1：悟空
		
	}
}

 

 

beans.java

 

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">
	
	<!-- 部门的bean --> 
	<bean id="department" class="com.Department">
		<property name="deId" value="101"></property>
		<property name="deName" value="技术部"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- UserInfo的bean -->
	<!--
		UserInfo userInfo=new UserInfo();
 		userInfo.setUserName("悟空");
	-->
   <bean id="userInfo" class="com.UserInfo">
       <property name="userId" value="001"/>	<!-- 属性值注入 -->
       <property name="userName" value="悟空"/>	<!-- 属性值注入 -->
       <property name="department" ref="department"></property>	<!-- 对象注入 -->
   </bean>

</beans>

 

 

打印结果：

 

UserInfo [userId=1, userName=悟空, department=Department [deId=101, deName=技术部]]姓名1:悟空
 

实例2：构造器注入

 

1.结构目录

2.代码

Department.java

 

package com;

public class Department {
	private Integer deId;
	private String deName;
	
	public void setDeId(Integer deId) {
		this.deId = deId;
	}
	public void setDeName(String deName) {
		this.deName = deName;
	}
	
	//构造方法，无参和有参
	public Department() {};
	public Department(Integer deId, String deName) {
		super();
		this.deId = deId;
		this.deName = deName;
	}
	
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Department [deId=" + deId + ", deName=" + deName + "]";
	}
	
}

 

 

Test.java

 

package test;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.Department;

public class Test {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		BeanFactory bf=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
		Department de=(Department)bf.getBean("department");
		
		System.out.print(de);
		
	}
}

beans.xml

 

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">
	
	<!-- 部门的bean -->
	<!-- 1.按索引下标匹配参数 -->
	<!--  
	<bean id="department" class="com.Department">
		<constructor-arg index="0" value="101"/>
		<constructor-arg index="1" value="研发部"/>
	</bean>
	 -->
	 
	<!-- 2.按参数类型匹配参数  -->
	<bean id="department" class="com.Department">
		<constructor-arg value="八戒" type="java.lang.String"></constructor-arg>
		<constructor-arg value="110" type="java.lang.Integer"></constructor-arg>
	</bean>
</beans>

 

 

打印结果：

Department [deId=110, deName=八戒]