知识点：Spring JDBC RowMapper接口示例（StudentMapper.java类有用到）
JdbcTemplate类使用org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper <T>接口在每行的基础上映射ResultSet的行。该接口的实现执行将每行映射到结果对象的实际工作。如果抛出SQLExceptions将被调用的JdbcTemplate捕获和处理。
接口的声明
以下是org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper<T>接口的声明 -
public interface RowMapper<T>
用法
步骤1 - 使用配置的数据源创建一个JdbcTemplate对象。
步骤2 - 创建一个实现RowMapper接口的StudentMapper对象。
步骤3 - 使用JdbcTemplate对象方法在使用StudentMapper对象时进行数据库操作。
实例：
以下示例将演示如何使用spring jdbc进行读取查询。使用StudentMapper对象将读取记录从student表映射到Student对象。
语法
String SQL = "select * from Student";
List <Student> students = jdbcTemplateObject.query(SQL,
new StudentMapper());
在上面示例(语法)代码中 -
- SQL - 选择查询语句来来读取学生记录信息。
- jdbcTemplateObject -
StudentJDBCTemplate对象从数据库中读取Student对象。 - StudentMapper -
StudentMapper对象将学生记录映射到Student对象。
要理解带有 jdbc 模板类的 Spring JDBC 框架的相关概念，编写一个简单的示例，来实现下述 Student 表的所有 CRUD 操作。
CREATE TABLE Student(
ID INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
NAME VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
AGE INT NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (ID)
);使用mysql数据库在数据库 test中创建一个数据库表 Student,DDL语句如上所示：
1.完整目录结构
2.代码
为数据库student创建一个类student.java
package com.tutorialspoint;
public class Student {
private Integer age;
private String name;
private Integer id;
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
}
package com.tutorialspoint;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
public class StudentMapper implements RowMapper<Student> {
public Student mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
Student student = new Student();
student.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
student.setName(rs.getString("name"));
student.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
return student;
}
}
Spring JDBC框架是通过DAO（Data Access Object数据存取目标）来实现对数据库的读写数据操作的，并且在实现过程中应该由应用程序implements interface 来完成数据库的读写操作。
我们的接口定义如下：StudentDao.java
package com.tutorialspoint;
import java.util.List;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
public interface StudentDAO {
/**
* This is the method to be used to initialize
* database resources ie. connection.
*/
public void setDataSource(DataSource ds);
/**
* This is the method to be used to create
* a record in the Student table.
*/
public void create(String name, Integer age);
/**
* This is the method to be used to list down
* a record from the Student table corresponding
* to a passed student id.
*/
public Student getStudent(Integer id);
/**
* This is the method to be used to list down
* all the records from the Student table.
*/
public List<Student> listStudents();
/**
* This is the method to be used to delete
* a record from the Student table corresponding
* to a passed student id.
*/
public void delete(Integer id);
/**
* This is the method to be used to update
* a record into the Student table.
*/
public void update(Integer id, Integer age);
}
StudentJDBCTemplate.java
package com.tutorialspoint;
import java.util.List;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
public class StudentJDBCTemplate implements StudentDAO {
private DataSource dataSource;
private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplateObject;
public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
this.dataSource = dataSource;
this.jdbcTemplateObject = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
}
public void create(String name, Integer age) {
String SQL = "insert into Student (name, age) values (?, ?)";
jdbcTemplateObject.update( SQL, name, age);
System.out.println("Created Record Name = " + name + " Age = " + age);
return;
}
public Student getStudent(Integer id) {
String SQL = "select * from Student where id = ?";
Student student = jdbcTemplateObject.queryForObject(SQL,
new Object[]{id}, new StudentMapper());
return student;
}
public List<Student> listStudents() {
String SQL = "select * from Student";
List <Student> students = jdbcTemplateObject.query(SQL,
new StudentMapper());
return students;
}
public void delete(Integer id){
String SQL = "delete from Student where id = ?";
jdbcTemplateObject.update(SQL, id);
System.out.println("Deleted Record with ID = " + id );
return;
}
public void update(Integer id, Integer age){
String SQL = "update Student set age = ? where id = ?";
jdbcTemplateObject.update(SQL, age, id);
System.out.println("Updated Record with ID = " + id );
return;
}
}
Beans.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd ">
<!-- Initialization初始化 for data source -->
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="admin"/>
</bean>
<!-- Definition定义 for studentJDBCTemplate bean -->
<bean id="studentJDBCTemplate"
class="com.tutorialspoint.StudentJDBCTemplate">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
</beans>测试程序MainApp.java
package com.tutorialspoint;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.tutorialspoint.StudentJDBCTemplate;
public class MainApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Beans.xml");
StudentJDBCTemplate studentJDBCTemplate = (StudentJDBCTemplate)context.getBean("studentJDBCTemplate");
System.out.println("------Records Creation--------" );
studentJDBCTemplate.create("Zara", 11);
studentJDBCTemplate.create("Nuha", 2);
studentJDBCTemplate.create("Ayan", 15);
System.out.println("------Listing Multiple Records--------" );
List<Student> students = studentJDBCTemplate.listStudents();
for (Student record : students) {
System.out.print("ID : " + record.getId() );
System.out.print(", Name : " + record.getName() );
System.out.println(", Age : " + record.getAge());
}
System.out.println("----Updating Record with ID = 2 -----" );
studentJDBCTemplate.update(2, 20);
System.out.println("----Listing Record with ID = 2 -----" );
Student student = studentJDBCTemplate.getStudent(2);
System.out.print("ID : " + student.getId() );
System.out.print(", Name : " + student.getName() );
System.out.println(", Age : " + student.getAge());
}
}运行应用程序。如果你的应用程序一切运行顺利的话，将会输出如下所示的消息：
------Records Creation--------
Created Record Name = Zara Age = 11
Created Record Name = Nuha Age = 2
Created Record Name = Ayan Age = 15
------Listing Multiple Records--------
ID : 1, Name : Zara, Age : 11
ID : 2, Name : Nuha, Age : 2
ID : 3, Name : Ayan, Age : 15
----Updating Record with ID = 2 -----
Updated Record with ID = 2
----Listing Record with ID = 2 -----
ID : 2, Name : Nuha, Age : 20
你可以尝试自己删除在我的例子中我没有用到的操作，但是现在你有一个基于 Spring JDBC 框架的工作应用程序，你可以根据你的项目需求来扩展这个框架，添加复杂的功能。还有其他方法来访问你使用NamedParameterJdbcTemplate 和 SimpleJdbcTemplate 类的数据库，所以如果你有兴趣学习这些类的话，那么你可以查看 Spring 框架的参考手册。
原文地址：https://www.w3cschool.cn/wkspring/iuck1mma.html
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