hibernate系列（四）一对一关联关系

[size=medium]以Person类和IDCard类为例，这里仅仅说一种一对一关联关系，即Person类拥有IDCard，但是IDCard不含Person类，数据库库的表如下：[/size]

CREATE TABLE `hibernate`.`person` (
  `id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` VARCHAR(45) NULL,
  `age` INT NULL,
  `idcard_id` INT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`));

CREATE TABLE `hibernate`.`idcard` (
  `id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `number` INT NULL,
  `content` VARCHAR(45) NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`));

[size=medium]Person类如下：[/size]

public class Person {

	private Long id;
	private String name;
	private Long age;
	private IDCard idCard;
//省略get、set方法
}

[size=medium]Person类对应的Person.hbm.xml映射文件为：[/size]

<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name="com.ligang.domain.Person" table="person">
		<id name="id" column="id" type="long">
			<generator class="identity"/>
		</id>
		<property name="name" column="name" type="string"/>
		<property name="age" column="age" type="long"/>
		<many-to-one name="idCard" class="com.ligang.domain.IDCard" column="idcard_id" cascade="save-update"></many-to-one>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

[size=medium]虽然是一对一但是，这种形式的一对一就是多对一的特例，所以仍然使用<many-to-one>的标签，其中的name指的是Person类的idCard属性，column指的是person表中的字段名为idcard_id,class指的是将IDCard类对应的表的主键的值作为idcard_id的值。cascade字段表示保存Person类时级联的保存IDCard类。
下面看下IDCard类：[/size]

public class IDCard {

	private Long id;
	private Long number;
	private String content;
//省略get、set方法
}

[size=medium]IDCard类对应的IDCard.hbm.xml映射文件为：[/size]

<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name="com.ligang.domain.IDCard" table="idcard">
		<id name="id" column="id" type="long">
			<generator class="identity"/>
		</id>
		<property name="number" column="number" type="long"/>
		<property name="content" column="content" type="string"/>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

[size=medium]然后就是测试增添方法：[/size]

@Test
	public void addPerson(){
		Session session=hibernateDao.getSession();
		Transaction tx=session.beginTransaction();

		Person p=new Person();
		p.setName("张三");
		p.setAge(122L);

		IDCard idCard=new IDCard();
		idCard.setNumber(123445L);
		idCard.setContent("你是一个人");

		p.setIdCard(idCard);

		session.save(p);

		tx.commit();
		session.close();
	}

[size=medium]此时就会先保存IDCard对象，然后获取其主键并赋值给person表的idcard_id字段，然后增添Person对象。如下sql:[/size]

Hibernate: insert into hibernate.idcard (number, content) values (?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into hibernate.person (name, age, idcard_id) values (?, ?, ?)

[size=medium]更新如下：[/size]

@Test
	public void updatePerson(){
		Session session=hibernateDao.getSession();
		Transaction tx=session.beginTransaction();

		Person p=(Person) session.get(Person.class,6L);
		p.setName("张三");
		p.setAge(122L);

		IDCard idCard=new IDCard();
		idCard.setNumber(123445L);
		idCard.setContent("你是一个人");

		p.setIdCard(idCard);

		session.save(p);

		tx.commit();
		session.close();
	}

[size=medium]此时的sql如下：[/size]

Hibernate: select person0_.id as id1_3_0_, person0_.name as name2_3_0_, person0_.age as age3_3_0_, person0_.idcard_id as idcard_i4_3_0_ from hibernate.person person0_ where person0_.id=?
Hibernate: insert into hibernate.idcard (number, content) values (?, ?)
Hibernate: update hibernate.person set name=?, age=?, idcard_id=? where id=?

[size=medium]此时并没有删除原有的IDCard，只是根据Person再也找不到它了。目前我还不知道怎么设置来删除无用的IDCard。

获取：由Person的主键获取IDCard比较容易，但是如果想从IDCard主键获取Person呢？
首先更改IDCard类，添加person属性：[/size]

public class IDCard {

	private Long id;
	private Long number;
	private String content;
	private Person person;
//略get、set方法
}

[size=medium]然后更改上述的IDCard.hbm.xml映射文件如下：[/size]

<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name="com.ligang.domain.IDCard" table="idcard">
		<id name="id" column="id" type="long">
			<generator class="identity"/>
		</id>
		<property name="number" column="number" type="long"/>
		<property name="content" column="content" type="string"/>
		<one-to-one name="person" property-ref="idCard"></one-to-one>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

[size=medium]添加了<one-to-one>标签，同时使用了property-ref属性，看下查询再解释:[/size]

@Test
	public void getPerson(){
		Session session=hibernateDao.getSession();
		Transaction tx=session.beginTransaction();

		IDCard idCard=(IDCard) session.get(IDCard.class,2L);
		System.out.println(idCard.getPerson().getName());

		tx.commit();
		session.close();
	}

[size=medium]查询的sql如下：[/size]

Hibernate: select idcard0_.id as id1_1_0_, idcard0_.number as number2_1_0_, idcard0_.content as content3_1_0_, person1_.id as id1_3_1_, person1_.name as name2_3_1_, person1_.age as age3_3_1_, person1_.idcard_id as idcard_i4_3_1_ from hibernate.idcard idcard0_ left outer join hibernate.person person1_ on idcard0_.id=person1_.idcard_id where idcard0_.id=?
张三

[size=medium]将Person查出来了，然后看下他是怎么查的，看下IDCard的<one-to-one name="person" property-ref="idCard">，name指的是IDCard的person属性，而property-ref指向了另一个类的属性，这里就是Person类的idCard属性，要想查出Person总要告诉hibernate idcard表的哪个字段和person表的哪个字段相连接吧，这里的property-ref="idCard"，即指定了要和Person类的idCard属性所对应的字段相连接，默认是采用主键来和该字段相连接的，我不知道能否指定。即idcard表的主键id和Person类的idCard属性对应的字段idcard_id相连接，来查询Person,看sql语句：hibernate.idcard idcard0_ left outer join hibernate.person person1_ on idcard0_.id=person1_.idcard_id

上述一对一的关联关系是通过外键来连接，他们也可以使用相同的主键实现一对一。这里不再讲述。

若想转载请注明出处： [url]http://lgbolgger.iteye.com/blog/2125020[/url]
作者：iteye的乒乓狂魔[/size]