Spring Boot笔记之Hello World

摘要：本文将介绍如何使用Maven构建一个Spring Boot项目，并以精简的配置启动。

• 准备
  安装Maven，从Maven官网下载软件包，如apache-maven-3.6.0-bin.zip，解压至，将bin路径添加至path，栗子C:\Users\Administrator\Downloads\apache-maven-3.5.4-bin\apache-maven-3.5.4\bin。执行命令mvn -v，输出如

Apache Maven 3.0.5 (r01de14724cdef164cd33c7c8c2fe155faf9602da; 2013-02-19 21:51:28+0800)
Maven home: D:\Softwares\apache-maven-3.0.5\bin…
Java version: 1.8.0_181, vendor: Oracle Corporation
Java home: C:\Java\jdk1.8.0_181\jre
Default locale: zh_CN, platform encoding: GBK
OS name: “windows 10”, version: “10.0”, arch: “amd64”, family: “dos”

即安装成功。

• 搭建demo
  demo项目结构如下：

pom.xml
src
├─main
│ ├─java
│ │ └─com
│ │ └─my
│ │ └─demo
│ │ └─controller
│ └─resources
│ application.properties
└─test
└─java

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.my</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1.BETA</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>Demo</name>
    <description>Spring Boot Demo</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.5.RELEASE</version><!-- Spring Boot2 -->
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
        <plugins>
        	<!-- 跳过测试 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <skip>true</skip>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
	<!-- 国内高速镜像 -->
    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>public</id>
            <name>aliyun nexus</name>
            <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </releases>
        </repository>
    </repositories>
</project>

src/main/resources/application.properties

server.port=80
server.servlet.path=/

com.my.demo.Application.java

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

com.my.demo.controller.HelloController.java

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controller
public class HelloController {

    @RequestMapping("/")
    @ResponseBody
    public String hello() {
        return "Hello World :-)";
    }
}

• 启动demo
  在ide内run com.my.demo.Application.main()。
  在浏览器内访问http://localhost，响应Hello World :-)。
• 打包

mvn clean install

首次打包需要下载一些插件，打包成功后，包文件输出至target\demo-0.0.1.BETA.jar及C:\Users\Administrator\.m2\repository\com\my\demo\1.0.0\demo-1.0.0.jar

cd ..
java -jar demo-0.0.1.BETA.jar

即可启动项目，与ide内启动相似（注意端口哦）。