[root@test4 ~]# fdisk /dev/sda //对sda磁盘进行分区
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 2597. There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024, and could in certain setups cause problems with: 1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO) 2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK) Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
Command (m for help): m //输出帮助信息 Command action a toggle a bootable flag //设置启动分区 b edit bsd disklabel //编辑分区标签 c toggle the dos compatibility flag d delete a partition //删除一个分区 l list known partition types //列出分区类型 m print this menu //输出帮助信息 n add a new partition //建立一个新的分区 o create a new empty DOS partition table //创建一个新的空白DOS分区表 p print the partition table //打印分区表 q quit without saving changes //退出不保存设置 s create a new empty Sun disklabel t change a partition’s system id //改变分区的ID u change display/entry units //改变显示的单位 v verify the partition table //检查验证分区表 w write table to disk and exit //保存分区表 x extra functionality (experts only) Command (m for help):n Command action e extended //e是扩展分区 p primary partition (1-4) //p是主分区 p Partition number (1-4): 1 //定义分区数量 --主分区最多只能有四个 First cylinder (1-2597, default 1): 1 Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-2597, default 2597): +100M
Command (m for help): w //保存刚才的配置信息。 The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 22: 无效的参数. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot. Syncing disks.
[root@test6 ~]# fdisk /dev/sda
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 2610.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Command (m for help): n
First cylinder (1710-2610, default 1710):
Using default value 1710
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1710-2610, default 2610): +100M
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: 设备或资源忙.
The kernel still uses the old table.
The new table will be used at the next reboot.
Syncing disks.
[root@test6 ~]# partprobe /dev/sda //对硬盘进行更新
[root@test6 ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 274 2096482+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3 275 404 1044225 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda4 405 2610 17719695 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 405 1709 10482381 83 Linux
/dev/sda6 1710 1722 104391 83 Linux
[root@test6 ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sda6 //需要先进行格式化，才能使用 。mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sda5 （mkfs.ext3 一样效果 -t 指定类型 -b 指定block大小·）
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
26104 inodes, 104388 blocks
5219 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=67371008
13 block groups
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2008 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 23 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@test6 ~]# mount /dev/sda6 /mnt/sda7/ //进行挂载使用
anaconda-ks.cfg install.log install.log.syslog
[root@test6 ~]# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/sda5 9.7G 1.1G 8.1G 12% /
/dev/sda1 99M 12M 83M 13% /boot
tmpfs 252M 0 252M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/hdc 3.9G 3.9G 0 100% /mnt/cdrom
/dev/sda6 99M 5.6M 89M 6% /mnt/sda7
1.磁盘管理常用命令
1.1 ls -i 文件名 查看文件存储在哪个innode中
1 [root@test6 ~]# ls -i lstest
2 1179659 lstest
1.2 ls -id 文件夹名 查看文件夹存储在哪个innode中
1 [root@test6 ~]# ls -id lstest1
2 1179661 lstest1
1.3 filefrag -v 文件名 查看文件存储block具体位置
1 [root@test6 ~]# filefrag -v lstest
2 Checking lstest
3 Filesystem type is: ef53
4 Filesystem cylinder groups is approximately 78
5 Blocksize of file lstest is 4096
6 File size of lstest is 5 (1 blocks)
7 First block: 1183744
8 Last block: 1183744
9 lstest: 1 extent found
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