python---字符串详解

1.isupper判断字符串是否全部都是大写

#eg:

str1 = 'Hello,world'

str2 = 'HELLO,WORLD'

res = str2.isupper()

print(res)

True

 

2.isalnum判断字符串里是否是数字或字母不能有其他字符

#eg:

str1 = '11122333aaa'

res = str1.isalnum()

print(res)

True

 

3.isdigit判断字符串里面是否是整型

#eg:

str1 = '123'

print(str1.isdigit())

True

#eg:

str1 = 'Hello,world'

print(str1.isdigit())

False

 

4.upper()方法把字符串全部变成大写

#eg:

str1 = 'Hello,world'

print(str1.upper())

HELLO,WORLD

 

5.islower判断字符串是否为小写

#eg:

str1 = 'Hello,world'

str1.islower()

False

 

6.startswith判断字符串开头是否为He

str1 = 'Hello,world'

print(str1.startswith('He'))

True

 

7.endswith判断字符串结尾是否为ld

#eg:

str1 = 'Hello,world'

print(str1.endswith('ld'))

True

 

8.index取字符串o的下标,如果没有这个字符会报错

 rindex是从右往左检索但标记的时候依然是从左往右标记

#eg:

str1 = 'Hello,world'

print(str1.index('o'))

 

9.find取字符串o的下标,如果没有这个字符返回-1

str1 = 'Hello,world'

print(str1.find('o'))

 

10.isalpha判断字符串里是否全部都是英文

#eg:

str1 = 'Hello,world'

print(str1.isalpha())

False

#eg:

str1 = 'Helloworld'

print(str1.isalpha())

True

 

11.count统计字符串里l字符的个数

#eg:

str1 = 'Hello,world'

print(str1.count('l'))

3

 

12.istitle判断是否是抬头

#eg:

str1 = 'Hello,world'

print(str1.istitle())

False

#eg:

str1 = 'Hello ,World'

print(str1.istitle())

True

 

13.把一个字符串变成抬头

#eg:

str1 = 'Hello,world'

print(str1.title())

Hello,World

 

14.isspace判断字符串是否是纯空格

#eg:

str1 = '  '

print(str1.isspace())

True

#eg:

str1 = ''

print(str1.isspace())

False

#需要必须掌握的

 

15.replace替换字符串o成sb,并且只替换1次

#eg:

str1 = 'Hello,world'

res = str1.replace('o','sb',1)

print(res)

Hellsb,world

#eg:

str1 = 'Hello,world'

res = str1.replace('o','sb',2)

print(res)

Hellsb,wsbrld

#eg:

str1 = 'Hello,world'

res = str1.replace('o','sb')

print(res)

Hellsb,wsbrld

 

16.把一个可迭代对象(列表,元组,集合,字典,字符串)变成字符串

#eg:

res = ''.join('aaa')

print(res)

print(type(res))

aaa        

eg:

 res='a'.join(['1','2'])

print(res)

1a2

 

17.把一个字符串从左往右切分变成列表(.代表切分点,1代表切分1次)

#eg:

str1 = '192.168.160.132'

res = str1.split('.',1)

print(res)

['192', '168.160.132']

#eg:

str1 = '192.168.160.132'

res = str1.split('.',2)

print(res)

['192', '168', '160.132']

#eg:

str1 = '192.168.160.132'

res = str1.split('.')

print(res)

['192', '168', '160', '132']

 

18.把一个字符串从右往左切分变成列表(.代表切分点,1代表切分1次)

#eg:

str1 = '192.168.160.132'

res = str1.rsplit('.',1)

print(res)

['192.168.160', '132']

 

19.去除字符串左右两边指定的字符

#eg:

str1 = '++++++Hello,World====='

res = str1.strip('=')

 print(res.strip('+'))

Hello,world

 

20.去除字符串右边指定的字符

#eg:

str1 = '++++++Hello,World====='

res = str1.rstrip('=')

print(res)

++++++Hello,world

 

21.去除字符串左边指定的字符

#eg:

str1 = '++++++Hello,World====='

res = str1.lstrip('+')

print(res)

Hello,world=====

 

22.format将字符串格式化,可以有以下3种格式

#eg:

str1 = 'my name is {},my age is {}'

res = str1.format('吉喆', '23')

print(res)

my name is 吉喆,my age is 23

#eg:

str1 = 'my name is {1},my age is {0}'

res = str1.format('23', '李凯')

print(res)

my name is 李凯,my age is 23

#eg:

str1 = 'my name is {name},my age is {age}'

res = str1.format(name='李凯', age='23')

print(res)

my name is 李凯,my age is 23

 

23.%s,%d,%f可以格式化字符串

%d只可以接收整数%s可以接收数字也可以接收字符串%f接受浮点型

#eg:

str1 = 'my name is %s, my age is %d'

res = str1 % ('吉喆', 23)

print(res)

my name is 吉喆,my age is 23

#eg:

str1 = 'my name is %s, my age is %s'

res = str1 % ('吉喆', 23)

print(res)

my name is 吉喆,my age is 23

#eg:

str1 = 'my name is %s, my age is %d'

res = str1 % ('吉喆', ‘23’)

print(res)

错误

 

24.利用索引或者下标取值,超出范围报错从前往后是0 1 2 3......

从后往前是-1 -2 -3 -4 .......

#eg:

str1 = 'Hello,World'

print(str1[-1])

d

#eg:

str1 = 'Hello,World'

print(str1[1])

e

 

 25.字符串的拼接

#eg:

print(str1[4]+str1[5])

o,

 

26.切片

#eg:

str1 = 'Hello,World'

res = str1[2:5]#正向切片顾头不顾尾

print(res)

llo

#eg:

str1 = 'Hello,World'

res = str1[-4:-1]#反向也是顾头不顾尾

print(res)

orl

#eg:

str1 = 'Hello,World'

res = str1[:3]#索引为3往右的字符不要了(包括下标为3的字符)

print(res)

Hel

#eg:

str1 = 'Hello,World'

res = str1[3:]#索引为3往左的字符不要了(不包括下标为3的字符)

# print(res)

lo,world

#eg:

str1 = 'Hello,World'

res = str1[::2]#步长为2,隔一个字符取一个字符

print(res)

Hlowrd

 

27.三引号和双引号和单引号任意切换

#eg:

str1 = '''

"what's your name????"

 '''

print(str1)

"what's your name????"

有单引号可以用双引号括,有双引号可以用三引号括,有三引号可以用单引号括

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