oracle启动错误ORA-00845

启动Oracle 11gR2后报错：ORA-00845
 
> sqlplus / as sysdba;
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production onTue Feb 14 09:11:41 2012
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 
Connected to an idle instance.
 
SQL> startup
ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported onthis system
 
这个错误之前已经处理过，因为tmpfs的大小MEMORY_TARGET的设置，就会报这种错误。
 
rac1:/home/oracle> oerr ora 845
00845, 00000, "MEMORY_TARGET notsupported on this system"
// *Cause: The MEMORY_TARGET parameter wasnot supported on this operating system or /dev/shm was not sized correctly onLinux.
// *Action: Refer to documentation for alist of supported operating systems. Or, size /dev/shm to be at least theSGA_MAX_SIZE on each Oracle instance running on the system.
 
验证一下：
SQL> conn / as sysdba;
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
 
Total System Global Area 1402982400 bytes
Fixed Size                  2228304 bytes
Variable Size             822087600 bytes
Database Buffers          570425344 bytes
Redo Buffers                8241152 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> show parameter memory_target
 
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
----------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
memory_target                        big integer 1344M
--这里的memory_target 有1344M。
 
[root@rac1 ~]# df -lh
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3              14G   11G 2.4G  83% /
tmpfs                 978M   88K 978M   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             194M   46M 139M  25% /boot
--这里可以看到tmpfs 只有978M。 这个参数我在安装DB的时候已经修改过：
 
[root@rac1 ~]# cat /etc/fstab
UUID=b1d2de8e-de31-4deb-b4e8-755c0ed01616/                       ext4    defaults        1 1
UUID=4df5aa5f-8ef0-473a-931a-51d11e21aa53/boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2
UUID=82085104-5021-4aaf-8e85-f213998107b6swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults,size=3G    0 0
devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0
sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0
proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0
--只是这里的配置在启动的时候没有生效。具体配置参考： 
[INS-35172]Target database memory (XXMB) exceeds the systems available shared memory ({0}MB)解决方法
http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/6896614
 
--把tmpfs 重新mount 一下：
[root@rac1 ~]# umount /dev/shm
umount: /dev/shm: device is busy.
       (In some cases useful info about processes that use
        the device is found by lsof(8) or fuser(1))
 
Linux umount报device is busy 的处理方法
http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/6194295
 
--设备忙，用fuser处理一下：
[root@rac1 ~]# fuser -km /dev/shm
/dev/shm:             1805m
[root@rac1 ~]# umount /dev/shm
[root@rac1 ~]# mount /dev/shm
[root@rac1 ~]# df -lh
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3              14G   11G 2.4G  83% /
/dev/sda1             194M   46M 139M  25% /boot
tmpfs                 3.0G     0 3.0G   0% /dev/shm
--现在已经正常了。