数组解构赋值

1. 什么是数组的解构赋值?
   解构赋值是ES6中新增的一种赋值方式;

2. 数组解构赋值的注意点

let arr = [1, 3, 5];
// let a = arr[0];
// let b = arr[1];
// let c = arr[2];

let [a, b, c] = arr;

console.log("a = " + a); // a = 1
console.log("b = " + b); // b = 3
console.log("c = " + c); // c = 5

2.1 在数组的解构赋值中, 等号左边的格式必须和等号右边的格式一模一样, 才能完全解构

let [a, b, c] = [1, 3, 5];
console.log("a = " + a); // a = 1
console.log("b = " + b); // b = 3
console.log("c = " + c); // c = 5


let [a, b, c] = [1, 3, [2, 4]];
console.log("a = " + a); // a = 1
console.log("b = " + b); // b = 3
console.log("c = " + c); // c = 2,4


let [a, b, [c, d]] = [1, 3, [2, 4]];
console.log("a = " + a); // a = 1
console.log("b = " + b); // b = 3
console.log("c = " + c); // c = 2
console.log("d = " + d); // d = 4

2.2 在数组的解构赋值中, 左边的个数可以和右边的个数不一样

let [a, b] = [1, 3, 5];
console.log("a = " + a); // a = 1
console.log("b = " + b); // b = 3

2.3 在数组的解构赋值中, 右边的个数可以和左边的个数不一样

let [a, b, c] = [1];
console.log("a = " + a); // a = 1
console.log("b = " + b); // b = undefined
console.log("c = " + c); // c = undefined

2.4 在数组的解构赋值中,如果右边的个数和左边的个数不一样, 那么我们可以给左边指定默认值

let [a, b = 888, c = 999] = [1];
console.log("a = " + a); // a = 1
console.log("b = " + b); // b = 888
console.log("c = " + c); // c = 999

2.5 在数组的解构赋值中, 如果左边的个数和右边的个数不一样, 那么如果设置默认值会被覆盖

let [a, b = 666] = [1, 3, 5];
console.log("a = " + a); // a = 1
console.log("b = " + b); // b = 3

2.6 在数组的解构赋值中, 还可以使用ES6中新增的扩展运算符来打包剩余的数据

在数组的解构赋值中, 如果使用了扩展运算符, 那么扩展运算符只能写在最后 (ES6中新增的扩展运算符: …)

let [a, b] = [1, 3, 5];
console.log("a = " + a); // a = 1
console.log("b = " + b); // b = 3

let [a, ...b] = [1, 3, 5];
console.log("a = " + a); // a = 1
console.log("b = " + b); // b = 3,5