简介
本文基于ffmpeg api将视频转码为hls,其中可以设置hls_time,hls_list_size等参数。在此份代码中,也涉及了音视频转码的一些转码流程以及参数设置,供大家借鉴。
本份代码的运行环境为:ubuntu14.04。ffmpeg版本为2.6.1。大家也可改造一下,转码成不同的格式。
代码
hls.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
#include <libavformat/avformat.h>
#include <libavutil/opt.h>
#include <libavutil/pixdesc.h>
#include <libswresample/swresample.h>
#include <libavutil/fifo.h>
#include <libavfilter/avfiltergraph.h>
#include <libavfilter/buffersink.h>
#include <libavfilter/buffersrc.h>
#include <libavutil/avutil.h>
#define BUF_SIZE_20K 2048000
#define BUF_SIZE_1K 1024000
static AVFormatContext *ifmt_ctx;
static AVFormatContext *ofmt_ctx;
static SwrContext* pSwrCtx = NULL;
AVBitStreamFilterContext* aacbsfc = NULL;
void initSwr(int audio_index)
{
if (ofmt_ctx->streams[0]->codec->channels != ifmt_ctx->streams[audio_index]->codec->channels
|| ofmt_ctx->streams[0]->codec->sample_rate != ifmt_ctx->streams[audio_index]->codec->sample_rate
|| ofmt_ctx->streams[0]->codec->sample_fmt != ifmt_ctx->streams[audio_index]->codec->sample_fmt)
{
if ( NULL == pSwrCtx )
{
pSwrCtx = swr_alloc();
}
// #if LIBSWRESAMPLE_VERSION_MINOR >= 17 // 根据版本不同,选用适当函数
// av_opt_set_int(pSwrCtx, "ich", ifmt_ctx->streams[audio_index]->codec->channels, 0);
// av_opt_set_int(pSwrCtx, "och", ofmt_ctx->streams[audio_index]->codec->channels, 0);
// av_opt_set_int(pSwrCtx, "in_sample_rate", ifmt_ctx->streams[audio_index]->codec->sample_rate, 0);
// av_opt_set_int(pSwrCtx, "out_sample_rate", ofmt_ctx->streams[audio_index]->codec->sample_rate, 0);
// av_opt_set_sample_fmt(pSwrCtx, "in_sample_fmt", ifmt_ctx->streams[audio_index]->codec->sample_fmt, 0);
// av_opt_set_sample_fmt(pSwrCtx, "out_sample_fmt", ofmt_ctx->streams[audio_index]->codec->sample_fmt, 0);
// #else
pSwrCtx = swr_alloc_set_opts(NULL,
ofmt_ctx->streams[audio_index]->codec->channel_layout,
ofmt_ctx->streams[audio_index]->codec->sample_fmt,
ofmt_ctx->streams[audio_index]->codec->sample_rate,
ifmt_ctx->streams[audio_index]->codec->channel_layout,
ifmt_ctx->streams[audio_index]->codec->sample_fmt,
ifmt_ctx->streams[audio_index]->codec->sample_rate,
0, NULL);
// #endif
swr_init(pSwrCtx);
}
}
//setup_array函数摘自ffmpeg例程
static void setup_array(uint8_t* out[32], AVFrame* in_frame, int format, int samples)
{
if (av_sample_fmt_is_planar(format))
{
int i;
int plane_size = av_get_bytes_per_sample((format & 0xFF)) * samples;
format &= 0xFF;
//从decoder出来的frame中的data数据不是连续分布的,所以不能这样写:
in_frame->data[0]+i*plane_size;
for (i = 0; i < in_frame->channels; i++)
{
out[i] = in_frame->data[i];
}
}
else
{
out[0] = in_frame->data[0];
}
}
int TransSample(AVFrame *in_frame, AVFrame *out_frame, int audio_index)
{
int ret;
int max_dst_nb_samples = 4096;
//int64_t dst_nb_samples;
int64_t src_nb_samples = in_frame->nb_samples;
out_frame->pts = in_frame->pts;
uint8_t* paudiobuf;
int decode_size, input_size, len;
if (pSwrCtx != NULL)
{
out_frame->nb_samples = av_rescale_rnd(swr_get_delay(pSwrCtx, ofmt_ctx->streams[audio_index]->codec->sample_rate) + src_nb_samples,
ofmt_ctx->streams[audio_index]->codec->sample_rate, ifmt_ctx->streams[audio_index]->codec->sample_rate, AV_ROUND_UP);
ret = av_samples_alloc(out_frame->data,
&out_frame->linesize[0],
ofmt_ctx->streams[audio_index]->codec->channels,
out_frame->nb_samples,
ofmt_ctx->streams[audio_index]->codec->sample_fmt, 0);
if (ret < 0)
{
av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_WARNING, "[%s.%d %s() Could not allocate samples Buffer\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, __FUNCTION__);
return -1;
}
max_dst_nb_samples = out_frame->nb_samples;
//输入也可能是分平面的,所以要做如下处理
uint8_t* m_ain[32];
setup_array(m_ain, in_frame, ifmt_ctx->streams[audio_index]->codec->sample_fmt, src_nb_samples);
//注意这里,out_count和in_count是samples单位,不是byte
//所以这样av_get_bytes_per_sample(ifmt_ctx->streams[audio_index]->codec->sample_fmt) * src_nb_samples是错的
len = swr_convert(pSwrCtx, out_frame->data, out_frame->nb_samples, (const uint8_t**)in_frame->data, src_nb_samples);
if (len < 0)
{
char errmsg[BUF_SIZE_1K];
av_strerror(len, errmsg, sizeof(errmsg));
av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_WARNING, "[%s:%d] swr_convert!(%d)(%s)", __FILE__, __LINE__, len, errmsg);
return -1;
}
}
else
{
printf("pSwrCtx with out init!\n");
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
static int open_input_file(const char *filename)
{
int ret;
unsigned int i;
ifmt_ctx = NULL;
if ((ret = avformat_open_input(&ifmt_ctx, filename, NULL, NULL)) < 0) {
av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Cannot open input file\n");
return ret;
}
if ((ret = avformat_find_stream_info(ifmt_ctx, NULL)) < 0) {
av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Cannot find stream information\n");
return ret;
}
for (i = 0; i < ifmt_ctx->nb_streams; i++) {
AVStream *stream;
AVCodecContext *codec_ctx;
stream = ifmt_ctx->streams[i];
codec_ctx = stream->codec;
/* Reencode video & audio and remux subtitles etc. */
if (codec_ctx->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO
|| codec_ctx->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) {
/* Open decoder */
ret = avcodec_open2(codec_ctx,
avcodec_find_decoder(codec_ctx->codec_id), NULL);
if (ret < 0) {
av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Failed to open decoder for stream #%u\n", i);
return ret;
}
}
}
av_dump_format(ifmt_ctx, 0, filename, 0);
return 0;
}
static int open_output_file(const char *filename)
{
AVStream *out_stream;
AVStream *in_stream;
AVCodecContext *dec_ctx, *enc_ctx;
AVCodec *encoder;
int ret;
unsigned int i;
ofmt_ctx = NULL;
avformat_alloc_output_context2(&ofmt_ctx, NULL, "hls", filename);
if (!ofmt_ctx) {
av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Could not create output context\n");
return AVERROR_UNKNOWN;
}
for (i = 0; i < ifmt_ctx->nb_streams; i++) {
out_stream = avformat_new_stream(ofmt_ctx, NULL);
if (!out_stream) {
av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Failed allocating output stream\n");
return AVERROR_UNKNOWN;
}
in_stream = ifmt_ctx->streams[i];
dec_ctx = in_stream->codec;
enc_ctx = out_stream->codec;
if (dec_ctx->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO)
{
encoder = avcodec_find_encoder(AV_CODEC_ID_H264);
if (!encoder) {
av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Neccessary encoder not found\n");
return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
}
enc_ctx->height = dec_ctx->height;
enc_ctx->width = dec_ctx->width;
enc_ctx->sample_aspect_ratio = dec_ctx->sample_aspect_ratio;
enc_ctx->pix_fmt = encoder->pix_fmts[0];
enc_ctx->time_base = dec_ctx->time_base;
// enc_ctx->me_range = 25;
// enc_ctx->max_qdiff = 4;
enc_ctx->qmin = 10;
enc_ctx->qmax = 51;
// enc_ctx->qcompress = 0.6;
// enc_ctx->refs = 3;
enc_ctx->max_b_frames = 3;
enc_ctx->gop_size = 250;
enc_ctx->bit_rate = 500000;
enc_ctx->time_base.num = dec_ctx->time_base.num;
enc_ctx->time_base.den = dec_ctx->time_base.den;
ret = avcodec_open2(enc_ctx, encoder, NULL);
if (ret < 0) {
av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Cannot open video encoder for stream #%u\n", i);
return ret;
}
av_opt_set(ofmt_ctx->priv_data, "preset", "superfast", 0);
av_opt_set(ofmt_ctx->priv_data, "tune", "zerolatency", 0);
// av_opt_set_int(ofmt_ctx->priv_data, "hls_time", 5, AV_OPT_SEARCH_CHILDREN);
// av_opt_set_int(ofmt_ctx->priv_data, "hls_list_size", 10, AV_OPT_SEARCH_CHILDREN);
}
else if (dec_ctx->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_UNKNOWN) {
av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_FATAL, "Elementary stream #%d is of unknown type, cannot proceed\n", i);
return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
}
else if (dec_ctx->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO)
{
encoder = avcodec_find_encoder(AV_CODEC_ID_AAC);
enc_ctx->sample_rate = dec_ctx->sample_rate;
enc_ctx->channel_layout = dec_ctx->channel_layout;
enc_ctx->channels = av_get_channel_layout_nb_channels(enc_ctx->channel_layout);
enc_ctx->sample_fmt = encoder->sample_fmts[0];
AVRational ar = { 1, enc_ctx->sample_rate };
enc_ctx->time_base = ar;
ret = avcodec_open2(enc_ctx, encoder, NULL);
if (ret < 0) {
av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Cannot open video encoder for stream #%u\n", i);
return ret;
}
}
else {
ret = avcodec_copy_context(ofmt_ctx->streams[i]->codec,
ifmt_ctx->streams[i]->codec);
if (ret < 0) {
av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Copying stream context failed\n");
return ret;
}
}
if (ofmt_ctx->oformat->flags & AVFMT_GLOBALHEADER)
enc_ctx->flags |= CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;
}
av_dump_format(ofmt_ctx, 0, filename, 1);
// if (!(ofmt_ctx->oformat->flags & AVFMT_NOFILE)) {
ret = avio_open(&ofmt_ctx->pb, filename, AVIO_FLAG_WRITE);
if (ret < 0) {
av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Could not open output file '%s'", filename);
return ret;
}
// }
/* init muxer, write output file header */
ret = avformat_write_header(ofmt_ctx, NULL);
if (ret < 0) {
av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Error occurred when opening output file\n");
return ret;
}
return 0;
}
static int encode_write_frame(AVFrame *filt_frame, unsigned int stream_index, int *got_frame) {
static a_total_duration = 0;
static v_total_duration = 0;
int ret;
int got_frame_local;
AVPacket enc_pkt;
int(*enc_func)(AVCodecContext *, AVPacket *, const AVFrame *, int *) =
(ifmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->codec->codec_type ==
AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) ? avcodec_encode_video2 : avcodec_encode_audio2;
if (!got_frame)
got_frame = &got_frame_local;
av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_INFO, "Encoding frame\n");
/* encode filtered frame */
enc_pkt.data = NULL;
enc_pkt.size = 0;
av_init_packet(&enc_pkt);
ret = enc_func(ofmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->codec, &enc_pkt,
filt_frame, got_frame);
if (ret < 0)
return ret;
if (!(*got_frame))
return 0;
// if (ifmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->codec->codec_type !=
// AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO)
// av_bitstream_filter_filter(aacbsfc, ofmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->codec, NULL, &enc_pkt.data, &enc_pkt.size, enc_pkt.data, enc_pkt.size, 0);
/* prepare packet for muxing */
enc_pkt.stream_index = stream_index;
av_packet_rescale_ts(&enc_pkt,
ofmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->codec->time_base,
ofmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->time_base);
if (ifmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->codec->codec_type !=
AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO){
enc_pkt.pts = enc_pkt.dts = a_total_duration;
a_total_duration += av_rescale_q(filt_frame->nb_samples, ofmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->codec->time_base, ofmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->time_base);
}
// printf("v_total_duration: %d, a_total_duration: %d\n", v_total_duration, a_total_duration);
av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "Muxing frame\n");
/* mux encoded frame */
ret = av_interleaved_write_frame(ofmt_ctx, &enc_pkt);
return ret;
}
static int flush_encoder(unsigned int stream_index)
{
int ret;
int got_frame;
AVPacket enc_pkt;
if (!(ofmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->codec->codec->capabilities &
CODEC_CAP_DELAY))
return 0;
while (1) {
enc_pkt.data = NULL;
enc_pkt.size = 0;
av_init_packet(&enc_pkt);
av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_INFO, "Flushing stream #%u encoder\n", stream_index);
ret = encode_write_frame(NULL, stream_index, &got_frame);
if (ret < 0)
break;
if (!got_frame)
return 0;
}
return ret;
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
int ret;
AVPacket packet; //= { .data = NULL, .size = 0 };
packet.data = NULL;
packet.size = 0;
AVFrame *frame = NULL;
enum AVMediaType type;
unsigned int stream_index;
unsigned int i;
int got_frame;
int(*dec_func)(AVCodecContext *, AVFrame *, int *, const AVPacket *);
av_register_all();
avfilter_register_all();
if ((ret = open_input_file("test.flv")) < 0)
goto end;
if ((ret = open_output_file("test.m3u8")) < 0)
goto end;
aacbsfc = av_bitstream_filter_init("aac_adtstoasc");
/* read all packets */
int count = 0;
int flag = 1;
while (1) {
if ((ret = av_read_frame(ifmt_ctx, &packet)) < 0)
break;
stream_index = packet.stream_index;
type = ifmt_ctx->streams[packet.stream_index]->codec->codec_type;
av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "Demuxer gave frame of stream_index %u\n",
stream_index);
av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "Going to reencode&filter the frame\n");
frame = av_frame_alloc();
if (!frame) {
ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
break;
}
av_packet_rescale_ts(&packet,
ifmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->time_base,
ifmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->codec->time_base);
dec_func = (type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) ? avcodec_decode_video2 :
avcodec_decode_audio4;
ret = dec_func(ifmt_ctx->streams[stream_index]->codec, frame,
&got_frame, &packet);
if (ret < 0) {
av_frame_free(&frame);
av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Decoding failed\n");
break;
}
if (got_frame) {
frame->pts = frame->pkt_pts;
// frame->pts = av_frame_get_best_effort_timestamp(frame);
// frame->pts=count;
if (type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO){
ret = encode_write_frame(frame, stream_index, NULL);
}else {
if (flag){
initSwr(stream_index);
flag = 0;
}
AVFrame *frame_out = av_frame_alloc();
if (0 != TransSample(frame, frame_out, stream_index)){
av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "convert audio failed\n");
ret = -1;
}
// frame_out->pts = frame->pkt_pts;
ret = encode_write_frame(frame_out, stream_index, NULL);
av_frame_free(&frame_out);
}
av_frame_free(&frame);
if (ret < 0)
goto end;
}
else {
av_frame_free(&frame);
}
av_free_packet(&packet);
++count;
}
/* flush encoders */
// for (i = 0; i < ifmt_ctx->nb_streams; i++) {
// ret = flush_encoder(i);
// if (ret < 0) {
// av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Flushing encoder failed\n");
// goto end;
// }
// }
av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Flushing encoder failed\n");
av_write_trailer(ofmt_ctx);
end:
av_free_packet(&packet);
av_frame_free(&frame);
av_bitstream_filter_close(aacbsfc);
for (i = 0; i < ifmt_ctx->nb_streams; i++) {
avcodec_close(ifmt_ctx->streams[i]->codec);
if (ofmt_ctx && ofmt_ctx->nb_streams > i && ofmt_ctx->streams[i] && ofmt_ctx->streams[i]->codec)
avcodec_close(ofmt_ctx->streams[i]->codec);
}
// av_free(filter_ctx);
avformat_close_input(&ifmt_ctx);
if (ofmt_ctx && !(ofmt_ctx->oformat->flags & AVFMT_NOFILE))
avio_closep(&ofmt_ctx->pb);
avformat_free_context(ofmt_ctx);
// if (ret < 0)
// av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Error occurred: %s\n", av_err2str(ret)); //av_err2str(ret));
return ret ? 1 : 0;
}
编译
编译命令:
gcc hls.c -g -o hls -lavformat -lavutil -lavcodec -lswscale
重点片段
1.视频帧率最好设置成与原视频一样,否则会有音视频不同步的现象
2.音频转码需要用swr转换一下sample。否则音频转码出来是噪音
3.转码为hls不需要用aacbsfc,但是我把output的格式换成flv后,需要用aacbsfc才能正常转码音频
代码下载
除了本份代码,我还基于ffmpeg自带的转码例子改造了一份转码hls的代码。一起提交到cdsn供大家下载。(ffmpeg自带的例子用的是filter,省了自己设置各种参数和格式转换)
http://download.csdn.net/detail/yingyemin/9918532
http://download.csdn.net/detail/yingyemin/9918545