js实现各种常用排序算法

####1.冒泡排序

var bubbleSort = function (arr) {
  var flag = true;
  var len = arr.length;
  for (var i = 0; i < len - 1; i++) {
    flag = true;
    for (var j = 0; j < len - 1 - i; j++) {
      if (arr[j] > arr[j + 1]) {
        var temp = arr[j+1];
        arr[j+1] = arr[j];
        arr[j] = temp;
        flag = false;
      }
    }
    if (flag) {
      break;
    }
  }
};

####2.选择排序

var selectSort = function (arr) {
  var min;
  for (var i = 0; i < arr.length-1; i++) {
    min = i;
    for (var j = i + 1; j < arr.length; j++) {
      if (arr[min] > arr[j]) {
        min = j;
      }
    }
    if (i != min) {
      swap(arr, i, min);
    }
  }
};
function swap(arr, index1, index2) {
  var temp = arr[index1];
  arr[index1] = arr[index2];
  arr[index2] = temp;
};

####3.插入排序

var insertSort = function (arr) {
  var len = arr.length, key;
  for (var i = 1; i < len; i++) {
    var j = i;
    key = arr[j];
    while (--j > -1) {
      if (arr[j] > key) {
        arr[j + 1] = arr[j];
      } else {
        break;
      }
    }
    arr[j + 1] = key;
  }
};

####4.希尔排序

var shellSort = function (arr) {
  var gaps = [5, 3, 1];
  for (var g = 0; g < gaps.length; ++g) {
    for (var i = gaps[g]; i < arr.length; ++i) {
      var temp = arr[i];
      for (var j = i; j >= gaps[g] && arr[j - gaps[g]] > temp; j -= gaps[g]) {
        arr[j] = arr[j - gaps[g]];
      }
      arr[j] = temp;
    }
  }
};

####5.归并排序

function mergeSort(arr) {
  if (arr.length < 2) {
    return;
  }
  var step = 1;
  var left, right;
  while (step < arr.length) {
    left = 0;
    right = step;
    while (right + step <= arr.length) {
      mergeArrays(arr, left, left + step, right, right + step);
      left = right + step;
      right = left + step;
    }
    if (right < arr.length) {
      mergeArrays(arr, left, left + step, right, arr.length);
    }
    step *= 2;
  }
}
function mergeArrays(arr, startLeft, stopLeft, startRight, stopRight) {
  var rightArr = new Array(stopRight - startRight + 1);
  var leftArr = new Array(stopLeft - startLeft + 1);
  k = startRight;
  for (var i = 0; i < (rightArr.length - 1); ++i) {
    rightArr[i] = arr[k];
    ++k;
  }
  k = startLeft;
  for (var i = 0; i < (leftArr.length - 1); ++i) {
    leftArr[i] = arr[k];
    ++k;
  }
  rightArr[rightArr.length - 1] = Infinity; // 哨兵值
  leftArr[leftArr.length - 1] = Infinity; // 哨兵值
  var m = 0;
  var n = 0;
  for (var k = startLeft; k < stopRight; ++k) {
    if (leftArr[m] <= rightArr[n]) {
      arr[k] = leftArr[m];
      m++;
    }
    else {
      arr[k] = rightArr[n];
      n++;
    }
  }
}

####6.快速排序

var quickSort = function(arr, left, right) {
  var i, j, t, pivot;
  if (left >= right) {
    return;
  }
  pivot = arr[left];
  i = left;
  j = right;
  while (i != j) {
    while (arr[j] >= pivot && i < j) {
      j--;
    }
    while (arr[i] <= pivot && i < j) {
      i++;
    }
    if (i < j) {
      t = arr[i];
      arr[i] = arr[j];
      arr[j] = t;
    }
  }
  arr[left] = arr[j];
  arr[j] = pivot;
  quickSort(arr, left, i - 1);
  quickSort(arr, i + 1, right);
}

####总结：算法效率比较：

排序方法	平均情况	最好情况	最坏情况
冒泡排序	O(n²)	O(n)	O(n²)
选择排序	O(n²)	O(n²)	O(n²)
插入排序	O(n²)	O(n)	O(n²)
希尔排序	O(nlogn)~O(n²)	O(n^1.5)	O(n²)
归并排序	O(nlogn)	O(nlogn)	O(nlogn)
快速排序	O(nlogn)	O(nlogn)	O(n²)