java实现Modbus通信
参考链接:
https://www.cnblogs.com/ioufev/p/10831289.html
https://blog.csdn.net/ioufev/article/details/100554691
Modbus协议
Modbus由MODICON公司于1979年开发，是一种工业现场总线协议标准。1996年施耐德公司推出基于以太网TCP/IP的Modbus协议：ModbusTCP。
Modbus协议是一项应用层报文传输协议，包括ASCII、RTU、TCP三种报文类型。
标准的Modbus协议物理层接口有RS232、RS422、RS485和以太网接口，采用master/slave方式通信。
Modbus和RS485的关系：Modbus是协议，物理层接口有RS232、RS422、RS485和以太网接口几种
仿真软件和程序下载: 百度网盘提供
使用jlibmodbus
maven配置
<dependency>
<groupId>com.intelligt.modbus</groupId>
<artifactId>jlibmodbus</artifactId>
<version>1.2.9.7</version>
</dependency>
java代码从Modbus读取数据
package com.ioufev;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import com.intelligt.modbus.jlibmodbus.Modbus;
import com.intelligt.modbus.jlibmodbus.exception.ModbusIOException;
import com.intelligt.modbus.jlibmodbus.exception.ModbusNumberException;
import com.intelligt.modbus.jlibmodbus.exception.ModbusProtocolException;
import com.intelligt.modbus.jlibmodbus.master.ModbusMaster;
import com.intelligt.modbus.jlibmodbus.master.ModbusMasterFactory;
import com.intelligt.modbus.jlibmodbus.tcp.TcpParameters;
/**
* Hello world!
*
*/
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
// 设置主机TCP参数
TcpParameters tcpParameters = new TcpParameters();
// 设置TCP的ip地址
InetAddress adress = InetAddress.getByName("192.168.3.16");
// TCP参数设置ip地址
// tcpParameters.setHost(InetAddress.getLocalHost());
tcpParameters.setHost(adress);
// TCP设置长连接
tcpParameters.setKeepAlive(true);
// TCP设置端口，这里设置是默认端口502
tcpParameters.setPort(Modbus.TCP_PORT);
// 创建一个主机
ModbusMaster master = ModbusMasterFactory.createModbusMasterTCP(tcpParameters);
Modbus.setAutoIncrementTransactionId(true);
int slaveId = 1;//从机地址
int offset = 0;//寄存器读取开始地址
int quantity = 10;//读取的寄存器数量
try {
if (!master.isConnected()) {
master.connect();// 开启连接
}
// 读取对应从机的数据，readInputRegisters读取的写寄存器，功能码04
int[] registerValues = master.readInputRegisters(slaveId, offset, quantity);
// 控制台输出
for (int value : registerValues) {
System.out.println("Address: " + offset++ + ", Value: " + value);
}
} catch (ModbusProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ModbusNumberException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ModbusIOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
master.disconnect();
} catch (ModbusIOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
} catch (RuntimeException e) {
throw e;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
使用modbus4j
maven配置
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.13-beta-3</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.infiniteautomation</groupId>
<artifactId>modbus4j</artifactId>
<version>3.0.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>3.9</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 若想引用modbus4j需要引入下列repository id:ias-snapshots id:ias-releases 两个 ，使用默认仓库下载，不要使用阿里云仓库-->
<repositories>
<repository>
<releases>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
<id>ias-snapshots</id>
<name>Infinite Automation Snapshot Repository</name>
<url>https://maven.mangoautomation.net/repository/ias-snapshot/</url>
</repository>
<repository>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
<id>ias-releases</id>
<name>Infinite Automation Release Repository</name>
<url>https://maven.mangoautomation.net/repository/ias-release/</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
java使用modbus4j读取数据
package com.ioufev;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.BatchRead;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.BatchResults;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.ModbusFactory;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.ModbusMaster;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.code.DataType;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.exception.ErrorResponseException;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.exception.ModbusInitException;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.exception.ModbusTransportException;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.ip.IpParameters;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.locator.BaseLocator;
/**
* modbus通讯工具类,采用modbus4j实现
*
*/
public class Modbus4jUtils {
/**
* 工厂。
*/
static ModbusFactory modbusFactory;
static {
if (modbusFactory == null) {
modbusFactory = new ModbusFactory();
}
}
/**
* 获取master
*
* @return
* @throws ModbusInitException
*/
public static ModbusMaster getMaster() throws ModbusInitException {
IpParameters params = new IpParameters();
params.setHost("10.211.55.4");
params.setPort(502);
//
// modbusFactory.createRtuMaster(wapper); //RTU 协议
// modbusFactory.createUdpMaster(params);//UDP 协议
// modbusFactory.createAsciiMaster(wrapper);//ASCII 协议
ModbusMaster master = modbusFactory.createTcpMaster(params, false);// TCP 协议
master.init();
return master;
}
/**
* 读取[01 Coil Status 0x]类型 开关数据
*
* @param slaveId
* slaveId
* @param offset
* 位置
* @return 读取值
* @throws ModbusTransportException
* 异常
* @throws ErrorResponseException
* 异常
* @throws ModbusInitException
* 异常
*/
public static Boolean readCoilStatus(int slaveId, int offset)
throws ModbusTransportException, ErrorResponseException, ModbusInitException {
// 01 Coil Status
BaseLocator<Boolean> loc = BaseLocator.coilStatus(slaveId, offset);
Boolean value = getMaster().getValue(loc);
return value;
}
/**
* 读取[02 Input Status 1x]类型 开关数据
*
* @param slaveId
* @param offset
* @return
* @throws ModbusTransportException
* @throws ErrorResponseException
* @throws ModbusInitException
*/
public static Boolean readInputStatus(int slaveId, int offset)
throws ModbusTransportException, ErrorResponseException, ModbusInitException {
// 02 Input Status
BaseLocator<Boolean> loc = BaseLocator.inputStatus(slaveId, offset);
Boolean value = getMaster().getValue(loc);
return value;
}
/**
* 读取[03 Holding Register类型 2x]模拟量数据
*
* @param slaveId
* slave Id
* @param offset
* 位置
* @param dataType
* 数据类型,来自com.serotonin.modbus4j.code.DataType
* @return
* @throws ModbusTransportException
* 异常
* @throws ErrorResponseException
* 异常
* @throws ModbusInitException
* 异常
*/
public static Number readHoldingRegister(int slaveId, int offset, int dataType)
throws ModbusTransportException, ErrorResponseException, ModbusInitException {
// 03 Holding Register类型数据读取
BaseLocator<Number> loc = BaseLocator.holdingRegister(slaveId, offset, dataType);
Number value = getMaster().getValue(loc);
return value;
}
/**
* 读取[04 Input Registers 3x]类型 模拟量数据
*
* @param slaveId
* slaveId
* @param offset
* 位置
* @param dataType
* 数据类型,来自com.serotonin.modbus4j.code.DataType
* @return 返回结果
* @throws ModbusTransportException
* 异常
* @throws ErrorResponseException
* 异常
* @throws ModbusInitException
* 异常
*/
public static Number readInputRegisters(int slaveId, int offset, int dataType)
throws ModbusTransportException, ErrorResponseException, ModbusInitException {
// 04 Input Registers类型数据读取
BaseLocator<Number> loc = BaseLocator.inputRegister(slaveId, offset, dataType);
Number value = getMaster().getValue(loc);
return value;
}
/**
* 批量读取使用方法
*
* @throws ModbusTransportException
* @throws ErrorResponseException
* @throws ModbusInitException
*/
public static void batchRead() throws ModbusTransportException, ErrorResponseException, ModbusInitException {
BatchRead<Integer> batch = new BatchRead<Integer>();
batch.addLocator(0, BaseLocator.holdingRegister(1, 1, DataType.FOUR_BYTE_FLOAT));
batch.addLocator(1, BaseLocator.inputStatus(1, 0));
ModbusMaster master = getMaster();
batch.setContiguousRequests(false);
BatchResults<Integer> results = master.send(batch);
System.out.println(results.getValue(0));
System.out.println(results.getValue(1));
}
/**
* 测试
*
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
// 01测试
Boolean v011 = readCoilStatus(1, 0);
Boolean v012 = readCoilStatus(1, 1);
Boolean v013 = readCoilStatus(1, 6);
System.out.println("v011:" + v011);
System.out.println("v012:" + v012);
System.out.println("v013:" + v013);
// 02测试
Boolean v021 = readInputStatus(1, 0);
Boolean v022 = readInputStatus(1, 1);
Boolean v023 = readInputStatus(1, 2);
System.out.println("v021:" + v021);
System.out.println("v022:" + v022);
System.out.println("v023:" + v023);
// 03测试
Number v031 = readHoldingRegister(1, 1, DataType.FOUR_BYTE_FLOAT);// 注意,float
Number v032 = readHoldingRegister(1, 3, DataType.FOUR_BYTE_FLOAT);// 同上
System.out.println("v031:" + v031);
System.out.println("v032:" + v032);
// 04测试
Number v041 = readInputRegisters(1, 0, DataType.FOUR_BYTE_FLOAT);//
Number v042 = readInputRegisters(1, 2, DataType.FOUR_BYTE_FLOAT);//
System.out.println("v041:" + v041);
System.out.println("v042:" + v042);
// 批量读取
batchRead();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
java通过modbus4j对数据的写入
package com.ioufev;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.ModbusFactory;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.ModbusMaster;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.code.DataType;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.exception.ErrorResponseException;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.exception.ModbusInitException;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.exception.ModbusTransportException;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.ip.IpParameters;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.locator.BaseLocator;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.msg.ModbusResponse;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.msg.WriteCoilRequest;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.msg.WriteCoilResponse;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.msg.WriteCoilsRequest;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.msg.WriteCoilsResponse;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.msg.WriteRegisterRequest;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.msg.WriteRegisterResponse;
import com.serotonin.modbus4j.msg.WriteRegistersRequest;
/**
* modbus4j写入数据
*
*/
public class Modbus4jWriteUtils {
static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(Modbus4jWriteUtils.class);
/**
* 工厂。
*/
static ModbusFactory modbusFactory;
static {
if (modbusFactory == null) {
modbusFactory = new ModbusFactory();
}
}
/**
* 获取tcpMaster
*
* @return
* @throws ModbusInitException
*/
public static ModbusMaster getMaster() throws ModbusInitException {
IpParameters params = new IpParameters();
params.setHost("10.211.55.4");
params.setPort(502);
ModbusMaster tcpMaster = modbusFactory.createTcpMaster(params, false);
tcpMaster.init();
return tcpMaster;
}
/**
* 写 [01 Coil Status(0x)]写一个 function ID = 5
*
* @param slaveId
* slave的ID
* @param writeOffset
* 位置
* @param writeValue
* 值
* @return 是否写入成功
* @throws ModbusTransportException
* @throws ModbusInitException
*/
public static boolean writeCoil(int slaveId, int writeOffset, boolean writeValue)
throws ModbusTransportException, ModbusInitException {
// 获取master
ModbusMaster tcpMaster = getMaster();
// 创建请求
WriteCoilRequest request = new WriteCoilRequest(slaveId, writeOffset, writeValue);
// 发送请求并获取响应对象
WriteCoilResponse response = (WriteCoilResponse) tcpMaster.send(request);
if (response.isException()) {
return false;
} else {
return true;
}
}
/**
* 写[01 Coil Status(0x)] 写多个 function ID = 15
*
* @param slaveId
* slaveId
* @param startOffset
* 开始位置
* @param bdata
* 写入的数据
* @return 是否写入成功
* @throws ModbusTransportException
* @throws ModbusInitException
*/
public static boolean writeCoils(int slaveId, int startOffset, boolean[] bdata)
throws ModbusTransportException, ModbusInitException {
// 获取master
ModbusMaster tcpMaster = getMaster();
// 创建请求
WriteCoilsRequest request = new WriteCoilsRequest(slaveId, startOffset, bdata);
// 发送请求并获取响应对象
WriteCoilsResponse response = (WriteCoilsResponse) tcpMaster.send(request);
if (response.isException()) {
return false;
} else {
return true;
}
}
/***
* 写[03 Holding Register(4x)] 写一个 function ID = 6
*
* @param slaveId
* @param writeOffset
* @param writeValue
* @return
* @throws ModbusTransportException
* @throws ModbusInitException
*/
public static boolean writeRegister(int slaveId, int writeOffset, short writeValue)
throws ModbusTransportException, ModbusInitException {
// 获取master
ModbusMaster tcpMaster = getMaster();
// 创建请求对象
WriteRegisterRequest request = new WriteRegisterRequest(slaveId, writeOffset, writeValue);
WriteRegisterResponse response = (WriteRegisterResponse) tcpMaster.send(request);
if (response.isException()) {
log.error(response.getExceptionMessage());
return false;
} else {
return true;
}
}
/**
*
* 写入[03 Holding Register(4x)]写多个 function ID=16
*
* @param slaveId
* modbus的slaveID
* @param startOffset
* 起始位置偏移量值
* @param sdata
* 写入的数据
* @return 返回是否写入成功
* @throws ModbusTransportException
* @throws ModbusInitException
*/
public static boolean writeRegisters(int slaveId, int startOffset, short[] sdata)
throws ModbusTransportException, ModbusInitException {
// 获取master
ModbusMaster tcpMaster = getMaster();
// 创建请求对象
WriteRegistersRequest request = new WriteRegistersRequest(slaveId, startOffset, sdata);
// 发送请求并获取响应对象
ModbusResponse response = tcpMaster.send(request);
if (response.isException()) {
log.error(response.getExceptionMessage());
return false;
} else {
return true;
}
}
/**
* 写入数字类型的模拟量（如:写入Float类型的模拟量、Double类型模拟量、整数类型Short、Integer、Long）
*
* @param slaveId
* @param offset
* @param value
* 写入值,Number的子类,例如写入Float浮点类型,Double双精度类型,以及整型short,int,long
* @param registerCount
* ,com.serotonin.modbus4j.code.DataType
* @throws ModbusTransportException
* @throws ErrorResponseException
* @throws ModbusInitException
*/
public static void writeHoldingRegister(int slaveId, int offset, Number value, int dataType)
throws ModbusTransportException, ErrorResponseException, ModbusInitException {
// 获取master
ModbusMaster tcpMaster = getMaster();
// 类型
BaseLocator<Number> locator = BaseLocator.holdingRegister(slaveId, offset, dataType);
tcpMaster.setValue(locator, value);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
//@formatter:off
// 测试01
// boolean t01 = writeCoil(1, 0, true);
// System.out.println("T01:" + t01);
// 测试02
// boolean t02 = writeCoils(1, 0, new boolean[] { true, false, true });
// System.out.println("T02:" + t02);
// 测试03
// short v = -3;
// boolean t03 = writeRegister(1, 0, v);
// System.out.println("T03:" + t03);
// 测试04
// boolean t04 = writeRegisters(1, 0, new short[] { -3, 3, 9 });
// System.out.println("t04:" + t04);
//写模拟量
writeHoldingRegister(1,0, 10.1f, DataType.FOUR_BYTE_FLOAT);
//@formatter:on
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
使用modbus-master-tcp
modbus-master-tcp项目的底层是基于netty框架开发。天然的支持异步处理。在性能方面有很好的提升。
maven配置
<dependency>
<groupId>com.digitalpetri.modbus</groupId>
<artifactId>modbus-master-tcp</artifactId>
<version>1.1.0</version>
</dependency>
java使用modbus-master-tcp读取数据
package com.ioufev;
import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import com.digitalpetri.modbus.codec.Modbus;
import com.digitalpetri.modbus.master.ModbusTcpMaster;
import com.digitalpetri.modbus.master.ModbusTcpMasterConfig;
import com.digitalpetri.modbus.requests.ReadCoilsRequest;
import com.digitalpetri.modbus.requests.ReadDiscreteInputsRequest;
import com.digitalpetri.modbus.requests.ReadHoldingRegistersRequest;
import com.digitalpetri.modbus.requests.ReadInputRegistersRequest;
import com.digitalpetri.modbus.responses.ReadCoilsResponse;
import com.digitalpetri.modbus.responses.ReadDiscreteInputsResponse;
import com.digitalpetri.modbus.responses.ReadHoldingRegistersResponse;
import com.digitalpetri.modbus.responses.ReadInputRegistersResponse;
import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.util.ReferenceCountUtil;
/***
* modbus TCP协议Java通讯读取例子
*
*
*/
public class ModbusMasterTCPDemo {
static ModbusTcpMaster master;
/**
* 获取TCP协议的Master
*
* @return
*/
public static void initModbusTcpMaster() {
if (master == null) {
// 创建配置
ModbusTcpMasterConfig config = new ModbusTcpMasterConfig.Builder("10.211.55.4").setPort(502).build();
master = new ModbusTcpMaster(config);
}
}
/***
* 释放资源
*/
public static void release() {
if (master != null) {
master.disconnect();
}
Modbus.releaseSharedResources();
}
/**
* 读取Coils开关量
*
* @param address
* 寄存器开始地址
* @param quantity
* 数量
* @param unitId
* ID
* @return 读取值
* @throws InterruptedException
* 异常
* @throws ExecutionException
* 异常
*/
public static Boolean readCoils(int address, int quantity, int unitId)
throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
Boolean result = null;
CompletableFuture<ReadCoilsResponse> future = master.sendRequest(new ReadCoilsRequest(address, quantity),
unitId);
ReadCoilsResponse readCoilsResponse = future.get();// 工具类做的同步返回.实际使用推荐结合业务进行异步处理
if (readCoilsResponse != null) {
ByteBuf buf = readCoilsResponse.getCoilStatus();
result = buf.readBoolean();
ReferenceCountUtil.release(readCoilsResponse);
}
return result;
}
/**
* 读取readDiscreteInputs开关量
*
* @param address
* 寄存器开始地址
* @param quantity
* 数量
* @param unitId
* ID
* @return 读取值
* @throws InterruptedException
* 异常
* @throws ExecutionException
* 异常
*/
public static Boolean readDiscreteInputs(int address, int quantity, int unitId)
throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
Boolean result = null;
CompletableFuture<ReadDiscreteInputsResponse> future = master
.sendRequest(new ReadDiscreteInputsRequest(address, quantity), unitId);
ReadDiscreteInputsResponse discreteInputsResponse = future.get();// 工具类做的同步返回.实际使用推荐结合业务进行异步处理
if (discreteInputsResponse != null) {
ByteBuf buf = discreteInputsResponse.getInputStatus();
result = buf.readBoolean();
ReferenceCountUtil.release(discreteInputsResponse);
}
return result;
}
/**
* 读取HoldingRegister数据
*
* @param address
* 寄存器地址
* @param quantity
* 寄存器数量
* @param unitId
* id
* @return 读取结果
* @throws InterruptedException
* 异常
* @throws ExecutionException
* 异常
*/
public static Number readHoldingRegisters(int address, int quantity, int unitId)
throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
Number result = null;
CompletableFuture<ReadHoldingRegistersResponse> future = master
.sendRequest(new ReadHoldingRegistersRequest(address, quantity), unitId);
ReadHoldingRegistersResponse readHoldingRegistersResponse = future.get();// 工具类做的同步返回.实际使用推荐结合业务进行异步处理
if (readHoldingRegistersResponse != null) {
ByteBuf buf = readHoldingRegistersResponse.getRegisters();
result = buf.readFloat();
ReferenceCountUtil.release(readHoldingRegistersResponse);
}
return result;
}
/**
* 读取InputRegisters模拟量数据
*
* @param address
* 寄存器开始地址
* @param quantity
* 数量
* @param unitId
* ID
* @return 读取值
* @throws InterruptedException
* 异常
* @throws ExecutionException
* 异常
*/
public static Number readInputRegisters(int address, int quantity, int unitId)
throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
Number result = null;
CompletableFuture<ReadInputRegistersResponse> future = master
.sendRequest(new ReadInputRegistersRequest(address, quantity), unitId);
ReadInputRegistersResponse readInputRegistersResponse = future.get();// 工具类做的同步返回.实际使用推荐结合业务进行异步处理
if (readInputRegistersResponse != null) {
ByteBuf buf = readInputRegistersResponse.getRegisters();
result = buf.readDouble();
ReferenceCountUtil.release(readInputRegistersResponse);
}
return result;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
// 初始化资源
initModbusTcpMaster();
// 执行操作
// 读取开关量
System.out.println(readCoils(0, 1, 1));
System.out.println(readDiscreteInputs(0, 1, 1));
System.out.println(readDiscreteInputs(1, 1, 1));
// 读取模拟量
System.out.println(readHoldingRegisters(0, 2, 1));
System.out.println(readHoldingRegisters(2, 2, 1));
System.out.println(readHoldingRegisters(4, 2, 1));
System.out.println(readInputRegisters(2, 4, 1));
System.out.println(readInputRegisters(6, 4, 1));
// 释放资源
release();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
总结
- jlibmodbus：集成多个串口通信开源库，有意思
- modbus4j：很有名
- modbus-master-tcp：底层netty，支持异步
- Jamod：Github上安卓开发modbus通信用的多
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