Spring -- HttpServletRequestWrapper 用法

HttpServletRequestWrapper

Filter能在request到达servlet的服务方法之前拦截HttpServletRequest对象，而在服务方 法转移控制后又能拦截HttpServletResponse对象。

你可以使用filter来实现特定的任务，比如验证用户输入，以及压缩web内容。但HttpServletRequest对象的参数是不可改变的，这极大地缩减了filter的应用范围。至少在一半的时间里，你希望可以改变准备传送给 filter的对象。
幸运的是，尽管你不能改变不变对象本身，但你却可以通过使用装饰模式来改变其状态。 

Example1：
一个删除空白字符的Filter 

HttpServerletRequest装饰类

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;  
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestWrapper;  
  
public final class MyRequestWrapper extends HttpServletRequestWrapper {  
    public MyRequestWrapper(HttpServletRequest servletRequest) {  
        super(servletRequest);  
    }  
  
    public String[] getParameterValues(String parameter) {  
        String[] results = super.getParameterValues(parameter);  
        if (results == null) {  
            return null;  
        }  
        int count = results.length;  
        String[] trimResults = new String[count];  
  
        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {  
            trimResults[i] = results[i].trim();  
        }  
        return trimResults;  
    }  
}  

如何载获Http请求并装饰HttpServletRequest对象

public class MyFilter implements Filter {  
    private FilterConfig filterConfig;  
  
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {  
        System.out.println("Filter initialized");  
        this.filterConfig = filterConfig;  
    }  
  
    public void destroy() {  
        System.out.println("Filter destroyed");  
        this.filterConfig = null;  
    }  
  
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,  
        FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {  
        chain.doFilter(new MyRequestWrapper((HttpServletRequest) request),  
            response);  
    }  
}  

Example2：

通过HttpServletRequestWrapper（装饰模式的应用）来解决中文乱码问题

自定义请求包装器包装请求，将字符编码转换的工作添加到getParameter()方法中

mport java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;    
import java.net.URLDecoder;    
    
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;    
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestWrapper;    
    
public class GetHttpServletRequestWrapper extends HttpServletRequestWrapper {    
    
    private String charset = "UTF-8";    
    
    public GetHttpServletRequestWrapper(HttpServletRequest request) {    
        super(request);    
    }    
    
    /**  
     * 获得被装饰对象的引用和采用的字符编码  
     * @param request  
     * @param charset  
     */    
    public GetHttpServletRequestWrapper(HttpServletRequest request,    
            String charset) {    
        super(request);    
        this.charset = charset;    
    }    
    
    /**  
     * 实际上就是调用被包装的请求对象的getParameter方法获得参数，然后再进行编码转换  
     */    
    public String getParameter(String name) {    
        String value = super.getParameter(name);    
        value = value == null ? null : convert(value);    
        return value;    
    }    
    
    public String convert(String target) {    
        System.out.println("编码转换之前：" + target);    
        try {    
            return new String(target.trim().getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), charset);    
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {    
            return target;    
        }    
    }    
    
}   

public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,    
            FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {    
        //设置请求响应字符编码    
        request.setCharacterEncoding(charset);    
        response.setCharacterEncoding(charset);    
        //新增加的代码            
        HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest)request;    
            
        if(req.getMethod().equalsIgnoreCase("get"))    
        {    
            req = new GetHttpServletRequestWrapper(req,charset);    
        }    
            
        System.out.println("----请求被"+config.getFilterName()+"过滤");    
        //传递给目标servlet或jsp的实际上时包装器对象的引用，而不是原始的HttpServletRequest对象    
        chain.doFilter(req, response);    
            
        System.out.println("----响应被"+config.getFilterName()+"过滤");    
    
    }    

 这样一来，在servlet中调用包装器的getParameters方法来获取参数，就已经完成了字符编码的转换过程，我们就不需要在每次获取参数时来进行字符编码转换了。

转载于：https://uule.iteye.com/blog/1947192