Request 请求参数中文乱码处理和请求转发

1.请求参数存在中文数据，则会乱码（post）解决方法

 2.get为什么中文乱码和解决方法

1. get解决方法（详细）

 URL编码实现方式：

编码：URLEncoder.encode(str, "utf-8");

解码：URLDecoder.decode(s, "ISO-8859-1");

2.代码

package com.itheima.web.request;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

public class URLDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
        String username = "张三";
        //1. URL编码
        String encode = URLEncoder.encode(username, "utf-8");
        System.out.println(encode);
        //2. URL解码
        //String decode = URLDecoder.decode(encode, "utf-8");
        String decode = URLDecoder.decode(encode, "ISO-8859-1");

        System.out.println(decode);
        //3. 转换为字节数据,编码
        byte[] bytes = decode.getBytes("ISO-8859-1");
      /*  for (byte b : bytes) {
            System.out.print(b + " ");
        }*/
        //4. 将字节数组转为字符串，解码
        String s = new String(bytes, "utf-8");
        System.out.println(s);


    }
}

3. 运行截图

 3.通用对于get和post的中文乱码解决

 1.post的演示结果

 

 2.代码

package com.itheima.web.request;


import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

/**
 * 中文乱码问题解决方案
 */
@WebServlet("/req4")
public class RequestDemo4 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //1. 解决乱码：POST，getReader()
        //request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");//设置字符输入流的编码

        //2. 获取username
       String username = request.getParameter("username");
        System.out.println("解决乱码前："+username);
        //3. GET,获取参数的方式：getQueryString
        // 乱码原因：tomcat进行URL解码，默认的字符集ISO-8859-1
       /* //3.1 先对乱码数据进行编码：转为字节数组
        byte[] bytes = username.getBytes(StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1);
        //3.2 字节数组解码
        username = new String(bytes, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);*/
        username  = new String(username.getBytes(StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1),
                StandardCharsets.UTF_8);

        System.out.println("解决乱码后："+username);

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(request, response);
    }
}

3.小小的总结

4.请求转发

4.1 介绍

1. 请求转发(forward)：一种在服务器内部的资源跳转方式
2.  实现方式：req.getRequestDispatcher("资源B路径").forward(req,resp);

4.2 特点

1. 浏览器地址栏路径不发生变化
2. 只能转发到当前服务器的内部资源
3. 一次请求，可以在转发的资源间使用request共享数据

4.3 请求转发资源间共享数据：使用Request对象

1. void setAttribute(String name, Object o)：存储数据到 request域中
2. Object getAttribute(String name)：根据 key，获取值  
3. void removeAttribute(String name)：根据 key，删除该键值对

4.4图解

 4.5 代码

req5中

package com.itheima.web.request;


import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

/**
 * 请求转发
 */
@WebServlet("/req5")
public class RequestDemo5 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("demo5...");
        System.out.println(request);
        //存储数据
        request.setAttribute("msg","hello");

        //请求转发
        request.getRequestDispatcher("/req6").forward(request,response);

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(request, response);
    }
}

req6中

package com.itheima.web.request;


import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * 请求转发
 */
@WebServlet("/req6")
public class RequestDemo6 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("demo6...");
        System.out.println(request);
        //获取数据
        Object msg = request.getAttribute("msg");
        System.out.println(msg);

        //删除数据
        request.removeAttribute("msg");

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(request, response);
    }
}

4.6运行截图