之前了解过二叉树但是一直不怎么理解，前天接到一个任务，给我一个字符串15+(2+(3+6)*3)，在控制台打印成一颗二叉树。网上有好些例子，但有些是C语言的，有些只有一些片段，做了两天终于弄出来拉。
先写要给工具类
package com.jsm.test;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.rmi.CORBA.Tie;
import com.jsm.test.OrderTree.BTree;
import com.jsm.test.OrderTree.Point;
public class Util {
public static Node findIndexAndValue(String str){
//String src="100+(2+(3+6)*3)";
if(str.startsWith("(")&&str.endsWith(")")){
str=str.substring(1,str.length()-1);
}
char [] chars=null;
Node node=new Node();
//如果包含括号
String value="";
int value_index=0;
String str_left2="";
String str_right2="";//
/// 100+(2+(3+6)*3)
chars=str.toCharArray();
if(containsParentheses(str)){
//如果（前面有 *好 则他们也是一起的
int index_s=str.indexOf("(");
if(index_s>0){
if(chars[index_s-1]=='*'){
index_s--;
}
}
int index_e=str.lastIndexOf(")");
if(index_e<(str.length()-1)){
//如果
if(chars[index_e+1]=='*'){
//如果括号外面没有+ 则*不能去掉
if(isAddInnerStr(str,index_s,index_e)){
index_e++;
}
}
}//2+(3+6)*3
String str_inPa=str.substring(index_s,index_e+1);
String str_flag=getLog(str_inPa.length());
String str_left=str.replace(str_inPa, str_flag);
if(str_left.indexOf("+")>0){
value="+";
value_index=str_left.indexOf("+");
str_left2=str.substring(0, value_index);
str_right2=str.substring(value_index+1);
/*node.value="+";
node.value_index=str_left.indexOf("+");
return node;*/
}
if(str_left.indexOf("*")>0){
value="*";
value_index=str_left.indexOf("*");
str_left2=str.substring(0, value_index);
str_right2=str.substring(value_index+1);
// return node;
}
}else {//如果不包含括号
if(str.contains("*")&&str.contains("+")){
value="+";
value_index=str.indexOf("+");
str_left2=str.substring(0, value_index);
str_right2=str.substring(value_index+1);
//return node;
}
if(str.contains("*")&&!str.contains("+")){
value="*";
value_index=str.indexOf("*");
str_left2=str.substring(0, value_index);
str_right2=str.substring(value_index+1);
//return node;
}
if(!str.contains("*")&&str.contains("+")){
value="+";
value_index=str.indexOf("+");
str_left2=str.substring(0, value_index);
str_right2=str.substring(value_index+1);
//return node;
}
if(!str.contains("*")&&!str.contains("+")){
value=str;
value_index=0;
str_left2=null;
str_right2=null;
}
}
node.value=value;
node.value_index=value_index;
node.str_left=str_left2;
node.str_right=str_right2;
return node;
}
private static boolean isAddInnerStr(String str, int indexS, int indexE) {
char [] arr=str.toCharArray();
for (int i = 0; i < indexS; i++) {
if(arr[i]=='+'){
return true;
}
}
for(int i = indexE; i <arr.length; i++){
if(arr[i]=='+'){
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
public static String getLog(int n){
String str="";
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
str=str+"-";
}
return str;
}
/*
* 此方法用于找出str中的顶节点
*/
public static String findOperatorOfNode(String str){
Node node=new Node();
//如果包含括号
if(containsParentheses(str)){
int index_s=str.indexOf("(");
int index_e=str.lastIndexOf(")");
String str_inPa=str.substring(index_s,index_e+1);
String str_left=str.replace(str_inPa, "");
if(str_left.indexOf("+")>0){
return "+";
}
if(str_left.indexOf("*")>0){
return "*";
}
}else {//如果不包含括号
if(str.contains("*")&&str.contains("+")){
}
}
return null;
}
public static boolean containsParentheses(String str){
if(str.contains("(")||str.contains(")")){
return true;
}else {
return false;
}
}
public static boolean containsOperator (String str){
if(str.contains("*")||str.contains("+")){
return true;
}else {
return false;
}
}
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("ab\ncd");
}
//
public static void fun(){
String[] str={"+", "100", "+", null, null, "2","*", null, null, null, null, null, null, "+", "3", null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, "3", "6"};
int i=0;
int co=str.length/2;
print(co);
System.out.println(str[0]);
while(i<str.length){
if(i==0){
}else{
}
i++;
}
}
private static void print(int co) {
for (int i = 0; i < co; i++) {
System.out.print("--");
}
}
//static String left_str;
// static String right_str;
//static Node last_node;
// static int count=0;
// public static int index=0;
//static String [] arr=null;
// static Map<Integer,Node> map =new HashMap<Integer,Node>();
public static void btree2array
(int index,String str,Map<Integer,Node> map)
{
if(str==null){
return;
}
Node node =Util.findIndexAndValue(str);
map.put(index, node);
if(node.value_index==0){//this node has no sub-node
return;
}
btree2array( index * 2 + 1,map.get(Integer.valueOf(index)).str_left,map);
btree2array( index * 2 + 2,map.get(Integer.valueOf(index)).str_right,map);
}
/*
*get the max key of a map who's key is countable;
*/
public static int getMaxMapKey(Map<Integer,String> map){
List<Integer> list2 =new ArrayList<Integer>();
for (Integer integer : map.keySet()) {
list2.add(integer);
}
return Collections.max(list2);
}
public static String[] putMapValueToStrArray(int maxIndex, Map<Integer, String> map2) {
String [] arr_result=new String [maxIndex+1];
for (int i = 0; i < arr_result.length; i++) {
if(map2.get(Integer.valueOf(i))==null){
arr_result[i]=" ";
}else{
arr_result[i]=map2.get(Integer.valueOf(i));
}
}
return arr_result;
}
public static Map<Integer, String> getNodeMapData(Map<Integer, Node> map) {
Map<Integer,String> map_result=new HashMap<Integer, String>();
for(Integer s:map.keySet()){
map_result.put(s, map.get(s).value);// only the value is what we need so get it and put it to map2
}
return map_result;
}
/*
* print binary tree
*/
public static void printArrToBinaryTree(String [] arr){
String[] arr_userful=arr;
for (int i = 0; i < arr_userful.length; i++) {
arr_userful[i]=arr_userful[i].trim();
if(arr_userful[i].trim().length()==0||arr_userful[i].equals(" ")){
arr_userful[i]=" ";
}
}
BTree root= createTree(arr_userful,0);
List<Point> points = new ArrayList<Point>();
// the height of binary tree
int floors = totalfloor(root);
//put the binary tree data to points
printTree(root, points, 0, -1,floors);
// sort the points
Collections.sort(points);
//print out the binary tree data according to row and col
int row = 0;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
int totalLength = 1*(squat(2, floors)-1);
for(Point p : points){
if(row == p.row){
sb.append(printTimes(" ",1*p.col-sb.length()));
sb.append(printWidth(""+p.data, 1));
}else{
if(sb.length()< totalLength){
sb.append(printTimes(" ", totalLength-sb.length()));
}
System.out.println(sb.toString());
sb = new StringBuilder();
row++;
sb.append(printTimes(" ",1*p.col-sb.length()));
sb.append(printWidth(""+p.data, 1));
}
}
if(sb.length()< totalLength){
sb.append(printTimes(" ", totalLength-sb.length()));
}
System.out.println(sb.toString());
}
//create an Object to store Binary structure data
private static BTree createTree(String[] arr, int i) {
if(arr[i].trim().length()==0){
return null;
}
BTree root = new BTree(arr[i]);
int lnode = 2*i + 1;//the left' index in arr
int rnode = 2*i + 2;//the right' index in arr
if ( lnode > arr.length -1) {
root.left = null;
}else{
root.left = createTree(arr, lnode);
}
if (rnode > arr.length-1) {
root.right =null;
}else{
root.right = createTree(arr, rnode);
}
return root;
}
static int totalfloor(BTree root){
if(root == null)return 0;
return internalLoop(root, 0);
}
static int internalLoop(BTree root,int floor){
if(root != null){
floor++;
int left = internalLoop(root.left, floor);
int right = internalLoop(root.right, floor);
return Math.max(left, right);
}
else return floor;
}
static String printTimes(String s,int time){
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for(int i=0;i<time;i++){
sb.append(s);
}
return sb.toString();
}
static String printWidth(String s ,int width){
if(s == null ){
return printTimes(" ", width);
}else{
if(s.length() < width){
return new StringBuilder(s).append(printTimes("@", width-s.length())).toString();
}else{
// return s.substring(0,width);
return s.substring(0);
}
}
}
//implemtns the Comparable interface for sort List of point
static class Point implements Comparable<Point>{
public Point(int row,int col,String data){
this.row = row;
this.col = col;
this.data = data;
}
int row = 0;
int col = 0;
String data ="";
@Override
public int compareTo(Point o) {
if(this.row == o.row){
if(col == o.col)
return 0;
else if(col < o.col){
return -1;
}else{
return 1;
}
}else if(row < o.row){
return -1;
}else{
return 1;
}
}
}
static void printTree(BTree root,List<Point> points,int row,int col,int floors){
if(root != null){
int inter = squat(2, floors-1)-1;
if(col == -1){
col = inter;
}
points.add(new Point(row, col, root.data));
printTree(root.left,points,row+1, col - ((inter-1)/2)-1,floors -1);
printTree(root.right,points,row+1,col + (inter-1)/2+1 ,floors -1);
}
}
static int squat(int s,int b){
if(b == 0) return 1;
int result = 1;
for(int i=0;i<b ;i++){
result *=s;
}
return result;
}
static void preOrder(BTree root){
if(root == null) {
return ;
}
System.out.print("-"+root.data);
preOrder(root.left);
preOrder(root.right);
}
static void midOrder(BTree root){
if(root == null) return ;
midOrder(root.left);
System.out.print("-"+root.data);
midOrder(root.right);
}
static void lastOrder(BTree root){
if(root == null) return ;
lastOrder(root.left);
lastOrder(root.right);
System.out.print("-"+root.data);
}
//declare a Object to store binary tree
static class BTree{
BTree left;
BTree right;
String data;
public BTree() {
super();
}
public BTree(String data) {
super();
this.data = data;
this.right=null;
this.left=null;
}
}
}
再定义一个节点类package com.jsm.test;
public class Node {
public String value;
public Node node_right;
public Node node_left;
public String str_right;
public String str_left;
public int value_index;
public int arr_index;
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Node [node_left=" + node_left + ", node_right=" + node_right + ", str_left=" + str_left + ", str_right=" + str_right + ", value="
+ value + ", value_index=" + value_index + "]";
}
}
最后是主文件，含有main方法的：
package com.jsm.test;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.Set;
public class TransStrToBinaryTree {
static Map<Integer,Node> map =new HashMap<Integer,Node>();
public static void main(String[] args) {
//test string String src="5+(2+(3+6)*3)";
String srcStr="15+(2+(3+6)*3)";
try {
//resolve the srcStr to map
Util.btree2array(0, srcStr, map);
}
catch (Exception ex) {
System.out.println("some syntactic error in this string lead to program stop\nplease check your string");
ex.printStackTrace();
}
Map<Integer,String> map2 =Util.getNodeMapData(map);
//get the max value of map2 to declare a array
int arr_length=Util.getMaxMapKey(map2);
//declare a array to store binary tree data
String [] arr_result=
Util.putMapValueToStrArray(arr_length,map2);
//print the binary tree
Util.printArrToBinaryTree(arr_result);
}
}
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