本文导读:LINQ是Language Integrated Query的简称,Linq包括Linq to Objects, Linq to SQL,Linq to XML, Linq to DataSet等,Lambda 表达式是一种可用于创建委托或表达式目录树类型的匿名函数。下面介绍Linq与lamda表达式相应的对比
一、SQL、Linq、lamda表达式 同一功能不同写法
SQL | LINQ | Lambda |
---|---|---|
SELECT * FROM HumanResources.Employee | from e in Employees select e | Employees |
SELECT e.LoginID, e.JobTitle FROM HumanResources.Employee AS e | from e in Employees select new {e.LoginID, e.JobTitle} | Employees |
SELECT e.LoginID AS ID, e.JobTitle AS Title FROM HumanResources.Employee AS e | from e in Employees select new {ID = e.LoginID, Title = e.JobTitle} | Employees |
SELECT DISTINCT e.JobTitle FROM HumanResources.Employee AS e | (from e in Employees select e.JobTitle).Distinct() | Employees |
SELECT e.* FROM HumanResources.Employee AS e WHERE e.LoginID = 'test' | from e in Employees where e.LoginID == "test" select e | Employees |
SELECT e.* FROM HumanResources.Employee AS e WHERE e.LoginID = 'test' AND e.SalariedFlag = 1 | from e in Employees where e.LoginID == "test" && e.SalariedFlag select e | Employees |
SELECT e.* WHERE e.VacationHours >= 2 AND e.VacationHours <= 10 | from e in Employees where e.VacationHours >= 2 && e.VacationHours <= 10 select e | Employees |
SELECT e.* FROM HumanResources.Employee AS e | from e in Employees orderby e.NationalIDNumber select e | Employees |
SELECT e.* FROM HumanResources.Employee AS e ORDER BY e.HireDate DESC, e.NationalIDNumber | from e in Employees orderby e.HireDate descending, e.NationalIDNumber select e | Employees |
SELECT e.* WHERE e.JobTitle LIKE 'Vice%' OR SUBSTRING(e.JobTitle, 0, 3) = 'Pro' | from e in Employees where e.JobTitle.StartsWith("Vice") || e.JobTitle.Substring(0, 3) == "Pro" select e | Employees |
SELECT SUM(e.VacationHours) FROM HumanResources.Employee AS e |
| Employees.Sum(e => e.VacationHours); |
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM HumanResources.Employee AS e |
| Employees.Count(); |
SELECT SUM(e.VacationHours) AS TotalVacations, e.JobTitle FROM HumanResources.Employee AS e GROUP BY e.JobTitle | from e in Employees group e by e.JobTitle into g select new {JobTitle = g.Key, TotalVacations = g.Sum(e => e.VacationHours)} | Employees |
SELECT e.JobTitle, SUM(e.VacationHours) AS TotalVacations FROM HumanResources.Employee AS e GROUP BY e.JobTitle HAVING e.COUNT(*) > 2 | from e in Employees group e by e.JobTitle into g where g.Count() > 2 select new {JobTitle = g.Key, TotalVacations = g.Sum(e => e.VacationHours)} | Employees |
SELECT * FROM Production.Product AS p, Production.ProductReview AS pr | from p in Products from pr in ProductReviews select new {p, pr} | Products |
SELECT * FROM Production.Product AS p INNER JOIN Production.ProductReview AS pr ON p.ProductID = pr.ProductID | from p in Products join pr in ProductReviews on p.ProductID equals pr.ProductID select new {p, pr} | Products |
SELECT * FROM Production.Product AS p INNER JOIN Production.ProductCostHistory AS pch ON p.ProductID = pch.ProductID AND p.SellStartDate = pch.StartDate | from p in Products join pch in ProductCostHistories on new {p.ProductID, StartDate = p.SellStartDate} equals new {pch.ProductID, StartDate = pch.StartDate} select new {p, pch} | Products |
SELECT * FROM Production.Product AS p LEFT OUTER JOIN Production.ProductReview AS pr ON p.ProductID = pr.ProductID | from p in Products join pr in ProductReviews on p.ProductID equals pr.ProductID into prodrev select new {p, prodrev} | Products |
SELECT p.ProductID AS ID FROM Production.Product AS p UNION SELECT pr.ProductReviewID FROM Production.ProductReview AS pr | (from p in Products select new {ID = p.ProductID}).Union( from pr in ProductReviews select new {ID = pr.ProductReviewID}) | Products |
SELECT TOP (10) * FROM Production.Product AS p WHERE p.StandardCost < 100 | (from p in Products where p.StandardCost < 100 select p).Take(10) | Products |
SELECT * FROM [Production].[Product] AS p WHERE p.ProductID IN( SELECT pr.ProductID FROM [Production].[ProductReview] AS [pr] WHERE pr.[Rating] = 5 ) | from p in Products where (from pr in ProductReviews where pr.Rating == 5 select pr.ProductID).Contains(p.ProductID) select p | Products
|
二、同一功能的几种不同写法的实例
1、简单的函数计算(count,min,max,sum)
C# 代码 复制
//1 获取最大的rpId var ss = (from r in db.Am_recProScheme select r).Max(p => p.rpId); 获取最小的rpId var ss = (from r in db.Am_recProScheme select r).Min(p => p.rpId); //获取结果集的总数 var ss = (from r in db.Am_recProScheme select r).Count(); //获取rpId的和 var ss = (from r in db.Am_recProScheme select r).Sum(p => p.rpId); //2 var ss1 = db.Am_recProScheme.Max(p=>p.rpId); var ss1 = db.Am_recProScheme.Min(p => p.rpId); var ss1 = db.Am_recProScheme.Count() ; var ss1 = db.Am_recProScheme.Sum(p => p.rpId); Response.Write(ss); //3 string sssql ="select max(rpId) from Am_recProScheme"; sssql ="select min(rpId) from Am_recProScheme"; sssql ="select count(1) from Am_recProScheme"; sssql ="select sum(rpId) from Am_recProScheme";
2、排序order by desc/asc
C# 代码 复制
var ss = from r in db.Am_recProScheme where r.rpId >10 orderby r.rpId descending //倒序 // orderby r.rpId ascending //正序 select r; //正序 var ss1 = db.Am_recProScheme.OrderBy(p => p.rpId).Where(p => p.rpId >10).ToList(); //倒序 var ss2 = db.Am_recProScheme.OrderByDescending(p => p.rpId).Where(p => p.rpId >10).ToList(); string sssql ="select * from Am_recProScheme where rpid>10 order by rpId [desc|asc]";
3、top
C# 代码 复制
//1 //如果取最后一个可以按倒叙排列再取值 var ss = (from r in db.Am_recProScheme select r).FirstOrDefault(); //2 string sssql ="select top(1) * from Am_recProScheme";
4、跳过前面多少条数据取余下的数据
C# 代码 复制
//1 var ss = (from r in db.Am_recProScheme orderby r.rpId descending select r).Skip(10); //跳过前10条数据,取10条之后的所有数据 //2 var ss1 = db.Am_recProScheme.OrderByDescending(p => p.rpId).Skip(10).ToList(); //3 string sssql ="select * from (select ROW_NUMBER()over(order by rpId desc) as rowNum, * from [Am_recProScheme]) as t where rowNum>10";
5、分页数据查询
C# 代码 复制
//1 var ss = (from r in db.Am_recProScheme where r.rpId >10 orderby r.rpId descending select r).Skip(10).Take(10); //取第11条到第20条数据 //2 Take(10): 数据从开始获取,获取指定数量(10)的连续数据 var ss1 = db.Am_recProScheme.OrderByDescending(p => p.rpId).Where(p => p.rpId >10).Skip(10).Take(10).ToList(); //3 string sssql ="select * from (select ROW_NUMBER()over(order by rpId desc) as rowNum, * from [Am_recProScheme]) as t where rowNum>10 and rowNum<=20";
6、包含,类似like '%%'
C# 代码 复制
//1 var ss = from r in db.Am_recProScheme where r.SortsText.Contains("张") select r; //2 var ss1 = db.Am_recProScheme.Where(p => p.SortsText.Contains("张")).ToList(); //3 string sssql ="select * from Am_recProScheme where SortsText like '%张%'";
7、分组group by
C# 代码 复制
//1 var ss = from r in db.Am_recProScheme orderby r.rpId descending group r by r.recType into n select new { n.Key, //这个Key是recType rpId = n.Sum(r => r.rpId), //组内rpId之和 MaxRpId = n.Max(r => r.rpId),//组内最大rpId MinRpId = n.Min(r => r.rpId), //组内最小rpId }; foreach (var t in ss) { Response.Write(t.Key +"--"+ t.rpId +"--"+ t.MaxRpId +"--"+ t.MinRpId); } //2 var ss1 = from r in db.Am_recProScheme orderby r.rpId descending group r by r.recType into n select n; foreach (var t in ss1) { Response.Write(t.Key +"--"+ t.Min(p => p.rpId)); } //3 var ss2 = db.Am_recProScheme.GroupBy(p => p.recType); foreach (var t in ss2) { Response.Write(t.Key +"--"+ t.Min(p => p.rpId)); } //4 string sssql ="select recType,min(rpId),max(rpId),sum(rpId) from Am_recProScheme group by recType";
8、连接查询
C# 代码 复制
//1 var ss = from r in db.Am_recProScheme join w in db.Am_Test_Result on r.rpId equals w.rsId orderby r.rpId descending select r; //2 var ss1 = db.Am_recProScheme.Join(db.Am_Test_Result, p => p.rpId, r => r.rsId, (p, r) => p).OrderByDescending(p => p.rpId).ToList(); //3 string sssql ="select r.* from [Am_recProScheme] as r inner join [dbo].[Am_Test_Result] as t on r.[rpId] = t.[rsId] order by r.[rpId] desc";
9、sql中的In
C# 代码 复制
//1 var ss = from p in db.Am_recProScheme where (newint?[] { 24, 25,26 }).Contains(p.rpId) select p; foreach (var p in ss) { Response.Write(p.Sorts); } //2 string st ="select * from Am_recProScheme where rpId in(24,25,26)";