1. map最基本的构造函数;
- map<string ,int>mapstring; map<int,string >mapint;
- map<sring,char>mapstring; map< char ,string>mapchar;
- map<char,int>mapchar; map<int ,char>mapint;
2. map添加数据;
- map<int ,string>maplive;
- 1. maplive.insert(pair<int,string>(102,"aclive"));
- 2. maplive.insert(map<int,string>::value_type(321,"hai"));
- 3. maplive[112]="April";
3. map中元素的查找:
find()函数返回一个迭代器指向键值为key的元素,如果没找到就返回指向map尾部的迭代器。
- map<int ,string >::iteratorl_it;;
- l_it=maplive.find(112);
- if(l_it==maplive.end())
- cout<<"we do not find112"<<endl;
- else cout<<"wo find112"<<endl;
-
- map<string,string>m;
- if(m[112]=="")
- cout<<"we do not find112"<<endl;
4. map中元素的删除:
如果删除112;
- map<int ,string>::iterator l_it;;
- l_it =maplive.find(112);
- if( l_it == maplive.end())
- cout<<"we do not find112"<<endl;
- else maplive.erase(l_it);
5. map中 swap的用法:
Map中的swap不是一个容器中的元素交换,而是两个容器交换;
For example:
- #include<map>
- #include<iostream>
- usingnamespace std;
- int main()
- {
- map <int, int> m1, m2, m3;
- map <int,int>::iterator m1_Iter;
- m1.insert( pair <int, int>(1, 10 ) );
- m1.insert ( pair <int,int> ( 2, 20 ) );
- m1.insert ( pair <int,int> ( 3, 30 ) );
- m2.insert ( pair <int,int> ( 10, 100 ) );
- m2.insert ( pair <int,int> ( 20, 200 ) );
- m3.insert ( pair <int,int> ( 30, 300 ) );
- cout << "The original map m1is:";
- for ( m1_Iter = m1.begin( ) ; m1_Iter != m1.end() ; m1_Iter++ )
- cout << " "<<m1_Iter->second;
- cout << "."<< endl;
-
-
- m1.swap( m2);
- cout << "Afterswapping with m2, map m1 is:";
- for ( m1_Iter = m1.begin( ) ; m1_Iter != m1.end() ; m1_Iter++ )
- cout << " "<< m1_Iter ->second;
- cout << "."<< endl;
-
- cout << "After swapping with m2, mapm2 is:";
- for ( m1_Iter = m2.begin( ); m1_Iter != m2.end(); m1_Iter++ )
- cout << " "<< m1_Iter ->second;
- cout << "."<< endl;
-
-
- swap( m1, m3 );
- cout << "Afterswapping with m3, map m1 is:";
- for ( m1_Iter = m1.begin( ); m1_Iter != m1.end(); m1_Iter++ )
- cout << " "<< m1_Iter ->second;
- cout << "."<< endl;
- }
6. map的sort问题:
Map中的元素是自动按key升序排序,所以不能对map用sort函数:
For example:
- #include<map>
- #include<iostream>
- usingnamespace std;
- int main( )
- {
- map<int, int> m1;
- map <int,int>::iterator m1_Iter;
- m1.insert (pair <int, int> (1, 20 ) );
- m1.insert ( pair<int, int> ( 4, 40) );
- m1.insert ( pair<int, int> ( 3, 60) );
- m1.insert ( pair<int, int> ( 2, 50) );
- m1.insert ( pair<int, int> ( 6, 40) );
- m1.insert ( pair<int, int> ( 7, 30) );
- cout<< "The original map m1is:"<<endl;
- for ( m1_Iter = m1.begin( );m1_Iter != m1.end( ); m1_Iter++ )
- cout << m1_Iter->first<<""<<m1_Iter->second<<endl;
-
- }
The original map m1 is:
1 20
2 50
3 60
4 40
6 40
7 30
7. map的基本操作函数:
C++Maps 是一种关联式容器,包含“关键字/值”对
begin() 返回指向map头部的迭代器
clear() 删除所有元素
count() 返回指定元素出现的次数
empty() 如果map为空则返回true
end() 返回指向map末尾的迭代器
equal_range() 返回特殊条目的迭代器对
erase() 删除一个元素
find() 查找一个元素
get_allocator() 返回map的配置器
insert() 插入元素
key_comp() 返回比较元素key的函数
lower_bound() 返回键值>=给定元素的第一个位置
max_size() 返回可以容纳的最大元素个数
rbegin() 返回一个指向map尾部的逆向迭代器
rend() 返回一个指向map头部的逆向迭代器
size() 返回map中元素的个数
swap() 交换两个map
upper_bound() 返回键值>给定元素的第一个位置
value_comp() 返回比较元素value的函数
8.multimap
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-
-
-
-
-
- #pragma warning(disable:4786)
- #include<map>
- #include<iostream>
- using namespace std;
-
- int main(void)
- {
- multimap<int,char*> m;
-
- m.insert(pair<int,char*>(1,"apple"));
- m.insert(pair<int,char*>(1,"pear"));
- m.insert(pair<int,char*>(2,"banana"));
-
- cout<<"***************************************"<<endl;
- multimap<int,char*>::iterator i,iend;
- iend=m.end();
- for(i=m.begin();i!=iend;i++)
- {
- cout<<(*i).second<<"的价钱是"
- <<(*i).first<<"元/斤\n";
- }
- cout<<"***************************************"<<endl;
-
- multimap<int,char*>::reverse_iterator j,jend;
- jend=m.rend();
- for(j=m.rbegin();j!=jend;j++)
- {
- cout<<(*j).second<<"的价钱是"
- <<(*j).first<<"元/斤\n";
- }
- cout<<"***************************************"<<endl;
-
-
- multimap<int,char*>::iterator s;
- s=m.find(1);
- cout<<(*s).second<<" "
- <<(*s).first<<endl;
- cout<<"键值等于1的元素个数是:"<<m.count(1)<<endl;
- cout<<"***************************************"<<endl;
-
- m.erase(1);
- for(i=m.begin();i!=iend;i++)
- {
- cout<<(*i).second<<"的价钱是"
- <<(*i).first<<"元/斤\n";
- }
- return 0;
- }
转载自http://blog.csdn.net/flqbestboy/article/details/8184484