【java】注册功能动态验证码的生成和验证（完整图片验证码封装工具类）

1、验证码工具类

package com.imopan.cps.gfanpaly.util;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class VerifyCodeUtil {
  
    //使用到Algerian字体，系统里没有的话需要安装字体，字体只显示大写，去掉了1,0,i,o几个容易混淆的字符  
    public static final String VERIFY_CODES = "23456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ";  
    private static Random random = new Random();  
  
  
    /** 
     * 使用系统默认字符源生成验证码 
     * @param verifySize    验证码长度 
     * @return 
     */  
    public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize){  
        return generateVerifyCode(verifySize, VERIFY_CODES);  
    }  
    /** 
     * 使用指定源生成验证码 
     * @param verifySize    验证码长度 
     * @param sources   验证码字符源 
     * @return 
     */  
    public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize, String sources){  
        if(sources == null || sources.length() == 0){  
            sources = VERIFY_CODES;  
        }  
        int codesLen = sources.length();  
        Random rand = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis());  
        StringBuilder verifyCode = new StringBuilder(verifySize);  
        for(int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++){  
            verifyCode.append(sources.charAt(rand.nextInt(codesLen-1)));  
        }  
        return verifyCode.toString();  
    }  
      
    /** 
     * 生成随机验证码文件,并返回验证码值 
     * @param w 
     * @param h 
     * @param outputFile 
     * @param verifySize 
     * @return 
     * @throws IOException 
     */  
    public static String outputVerifyImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, int verifySize) throws IOException{  
        String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize);  
        outputImage(w, h, outputFile, verifyCode);  
        return verifyCode;  
    }  
      
    /** 
     * 输出随机验证码图片流,并返回验证码值 
     * @param w 
     * @param h 
     * @param os 
     * @param verifySize 
     * @return 
     * @throws IOException 
     */  
    public static String outputVerifyImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, int verifySize) throws IOException{  
        String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize);  
        outputImage(w, h, os, verifyCode);  
        return verifyCode;  
    }  
      
    /** 
     * 生成指定验证码图像文件 
     * @param w 
     * @param h 
     * @param outputFile 
     * @param code 
     * @throws IOException 
     */  
    public static void outputImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, String code) throws IOException{  
        if(outputFile == null){  
            return;  
        }  
        File dir = outputFile.getParentFile();  
        if(!dir.exists()){  
            dir.mkdirs();  
        }  
        try{  
            outputFile.createNewFile();  
            FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(outputFile);  
            outputImage(w, h, fos, code);  
            fos.close();  
        } catch(IOException e){  
            throw e;  
        }  
    }  
      
    /** 
     * 输出指定验证码图片流 
     * @param w 
     * @param h 
     * @param os 
     * @param code 
     * @throws IOException 
     */  
    public static void outputImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, String code) throws IOException{  
        int verifySize = code.length();  
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);  
        Random rand = new Random();  
        Graphics2D g2 = image.createGraphics();  
        g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);  
        Color[] colors = new Color[5];  
        Color[] colorSpaces = new Color[] { Color.WHITE, Color.CYAN,  
                Color.GRAY, Color.LIGHT_GRAY, Color.MAGENTA, Color.ORANGE,  
                Color.PINK, Color.YELLOW };  
        float[] fractions = new float[colors.length];  
        for(int i = 0; i < colors.length; i++){  
            colors[i] = colorSpaces[rand.nextInt(colorSpaces.length)];  
            fractions[i] = rand.nextFloat();  
        }  
        Arrays.sort(fractions);  
          
        g2.setColor(Color.GRAY);// 设置边框色  
        g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);  
          
        Color c = getRandColor(200, 250);  
        g2.setColor(c);// 设置背景色  
        g2.fillRect(0, 2, w, h-4);  
          
        //绘制干扰线  
        Random random = new Random();  
        g2.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));// 设置线条的颜色  
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {  
            int x = random.nextInt(w - 1);  
            int y = random.nextInt(h - 1);  
            int xl = random.nextInt(6) + 1;  
            int yl = random.nextInt(12) + 1;  
            g2.drawLine(x, y, x + xl + 40, y + yl + 20);  
        }  
          
        // 添加噪点  
        float yawpRate = 0.05f;// 噪声率  
        int area = (int) (yawpRate * w * h);  
        for (int i = 0; i < area; i++) {  
            int x = random.nextInt(w);  
            int y = random.nextInt(h);  
            int rgb = getRandomIntColor();  
            image.setRGB(x, y, rgb);  
        }  
          
        shear(g2, w, h, c);// 使图片扭曲  
  
        g2.setColor(getRandColor(100, 160));  
        int fontSize = h-4;  
        Font font = new Font("Algerian", Font.ITALIC, fontSize);  
        g2.setFont(font);  
        char[] chars = code.toCharArray();  
        for(int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++){  
            AffineTransform affine = new AffineTransform();  
            affine.setToRotation(Math.PI / 4 * rand.nextDouble() * (rand.nextBoolean() ? 1 : -1), (w / verifySize) * i + fontSize/2, h/2);  
            g2.setTransform(affine);  
            g2.drawChars(chars, i, 1, ((w-10) / verifySize) * i + 5, h/2 + fontSize/2 - 10);  
        }  
        
        g2.dispose();  
        ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", os);  
    }  
    
  /** 
   * 输出指定验证码图片流 
   * @param w 
   * @param h 
   * @param os 
   * @param code 
   * @param resp 
   * @throws IOException 
   */  
  public static void outputImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, String code, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException{  
      int verifySize = code.length();  
      BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);  
      Random rand = new Random();  
      Graphics2D g2 = image.createGraphics();  
      g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);  
      Color[] colors = new Color[5];  
      Color[] colorSpaces = new Color[] { Color.WHITE, Color.CYAN,  
              Color.GRAY, Color.LIGHT_GRAY, Color.MAGENTA, Color.ORANGE,  
              Color.PINK, Color.YELLOW };  
      float[] fractions = new float[colors.length];  
      for(int i = 0; i < colors.length; i++){  
          colors[i] = colorSpaces[rand.nextInt(colorSpaces.length)];  
          fractions[i] = rand.nextFloat();  
      }  
      Arrays.sort(fractions);  
        
      g2.setColor(Color.GRAY);// 设置边框色  
      g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);  
        
      Color c = getRandColor(200, 250);  
      g2.setColor(c);// 设置背景色  
      g2.fillRect(0, 2, w, h-4);  
        
      //绘制干扰线  
      Random random = new Random();  
      g2.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));// 设置线条的颜色  
      for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {  
          int x = random.nextInt(w - 1);  
          int y = random.nextInt(h - 1);  
          int xl = random.nextInt(6) + 1;  
          int yl = random.nextInt(12) + 1;  
          g2.drawLine(x, y, x + xl + 40, y + yl + 20);  
      }  
        
      // 添加噪点  
      float yawpRate = 0.05f;// 噪声率  
      int area = (int) (yawpRate * w * h);  
      for (int i = 0; i < area; i++) {  
          int x = random.nextInt(w);  
          int y = random.nextInt(h);  
          int rgb = getRandomIntColor();  
          image.setRGB(x, y, rgb);  
      }  
        
      shear(g2, w, h, c);// 使图片扭曲  

      g2.setColor(getRandColor(100, 160));  
      int fontSize = h-4;  
      Font font = new Font("Algerian", Font.ITALIC, fontSize);  
      g2.setFont(font);  
      char[] chars = code.toCharArray();  
      for(int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++){  
          AffineTransform affine = new AffineTransform();  
          affine.setToRotation(Math.PI / 4 * rand.nextDouble() * (rand.nextBoolean() ? 1 : -1), (w / verifySize) * i + fontSize/2, h/2);  
          g2.setTransform(affine);  
          g2.drawChars(chars, i, 1, ((w-10) / verifySize) * i + 5, h/2 + fontSize/2 - 10);  
      }  
      
      g2.dispose();  
      ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", os);  
  }  
      
    private static Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {  
        if (fc > 255)  
            fc = 255;  
        if (bc > 255)  
            bc = 255;  
        int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);  
        int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);  
        int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);  
        return new Color(r, g, b);  
    }  
      
    private static int getRandomIntColor() {  
        int[] rgb = getRandomRgb();  
        int color = 0;  
        for (int c : rgb) {  
            color = color << 8;  
            color = color | c;  
        }  
        return color;  
    }  
      
    private static int[] getRandomRgb() {  
        int[] rgb = new int[3];  
        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {  
            rgb[i] = random.nextInt(255);  
        }  
        return rgb;  
    }  
  
    private static void shear(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {  
        shearX(g, w1, h1, color);  
        shearY(g, w1, h1, color);  
    }  
      
    private static void shearX(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {  
  
        int period = random.nextInt(2);  
  
        boolean borderGap = true;  
        int frames = 1;  
        int phase = random.nextInt(2);  
  
        for (int i = 0; i < h1; i++) {  
            double d = (double) (period >> 1)  
                    * Math.sin((double) i / (double) period  
                            + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)  
                            / (double) frames);  
            g.copyArea(0, i, w1, 1, (int) d, 0);  
            if (borderGap) {  
                g.setColor(color);  
                g.drawLine((int) d, i, 0, i);  
                g.drawLine((int) d + w1, i, w1, i);  
            }  
        }  
  
    }  
  
    private static void shearY(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {  
  
        int period = random.nextInt(40) + 10; // 50;  
  
        boolean borderGap = true;  
        int frames = 20;  
        int phase = 7;  
        for (int i = 0; i < w1; i++) {  
            double d = (double) (period >> 1)  
                    * Math.sin((double) i / (double) period  
                            + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)  
                            / (double) frames);  
            g.copyArea(i, 0, 1, h1, 0, (int) d);  
            if (borderGap) {  
                g.setColor(color);  
                g.drawLine(i, (int) d, i, 0);  
                g.drawLine(i, (int) d + h1, i, h1);  
            }  
  
        }  
  
    }  
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{  
        File dir = new File("F:");  
        int w = 200, h = 80;  
        for(int i = 0; i < 50; i++){  
            String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(4);  
            File file = new File(dir, verifyCode + ".jpg");  
            outputImage(w, h, file, verifyCode);  
        }  
    }  
}

2、调用

public void getCode(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
		resp.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");  
		resp.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");  
		resp.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);  
		resp.setContentType("image/jpeg");  
          
        //生成随机字串  
        String verifyCode = VerifyCodeUtil.generateVerifyCode(4);
        //存入会话session  
        HttpSession session = req.getSession(true);  
        session.setAttribute("login_verify_code", verifyCode.toLowerCase());  
        //生成图片  
        int w = 75, h = 36;
        VerifyCodeUtil.outputImage(w, h, resp.getOutputStream(), verifyCode, resp);
	}

3、场景应用

1、struts2应用

action

package com.zhuguang.action;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletResponseAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.SessionAware;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class TestAction extends ActionSupport implements SessionAware,
        ServletResponseAware {
    private Map<String, Object> session;
    private HttpServletResponse response;
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    private String chknumber;

    @Override
    public String execute() throws Exception {
        //请求头可不设置
        response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
        // 生成随机字串
        String verifyCode = VerifyCodeUtil.generateVerifyCode(4);
        session.put("randomCode", verifyCode);     //写入session中  
        // 生成图片
        int w = 100, h = 50;
        VerifyCodeUtil.outputImage(w, h, response.getOutputStream(),
                verifyCode, response);
        return null;
    }

    public String getChknumber() {
        return chknumber;
    }

    public void setChknumber(String chknumber) {
        this.chknumber = chknumber;
    }

    @Override
    public void setSession(Map<String, Object> session) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        this.session = session;
    }

    @Override
    public void setServletResponse(HttpServletResponse response) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        this.response = response;
    }

}

struts.xml

<action name="randomCode" class="com.zhuguang.action.TestAction">  
        </action>

jsp

    <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"  
        pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>  
    <%@taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>  
    <%  
    String path = request.getContextPath();  
    String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";  
    %>  
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">  
    <html>  
    <head>  
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">  
    <script type="text/javascript">  
    <!--  
      function reloadcode(obj,base){  
      var rand=new Date().getTime(); //这里用当前时间作为参数加到url中，是为了使URL发生变化，这样验证码才会动态加载，  
                //只是一个干扰作用，无确实意义，但却又非常巧妙，呵呵  
      obj.src=base+"randomCode.action?abc="+rand; //其实服务器端是没有abc的字段的。  
      }  
    //-->  
    </script>  
    <title>测试页面</title>  
    </head>  
    <body>  
    <form action="testLogin" method="post">  
      Username<input type="text" name="name"><br>  
      Password<input type="text" name="password"><br>  
      验证码：<input type="text" name="chknumber" id="chknumber" maxlength="4" class="chknumber_input">  
      <img title="看不清楚请点击这里" width="50" height="20" src="<%=basePath%>randomCode.action" id="safecode" οnclick="reloadcode(this,'<%=basePath%>')" /><br>  
      <input type="submit" value="Loginin">  
    </form>  
    </body>  
    </html>  

对比

    public String testLogin()  
        {  
            if(session.get("randomCode").equals(chknumber))  
            {  
                return SUCCESS;  
            }  
            else  
            {  
                return ERROR;  
            }  
        }  

参考博客：http://blog.csdn.net/meaijojo/article/details/7801836