SpringCloud——服务调用

Spring Cloud Feign

• 依赖: org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-feign
• 激活: @EnableFeignClients
• 申明: @FeignClient

添加User服务

在此之前，我们改造一下工程，添加User服务模块，然后改下现有模块的名称

根据这个结构图来进行改造，这里为了简便，暂时不配置配置服务器。

添加user-api模块

作为user服务定义方

添加依赖

<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
		</dependency>

申明Feign客户端

@FeignClient(name = "${user.service.name}",fallback = UserServiceFallback.class)
public interface UserService {

    @PostMapping("/user")
    boolean saveUser(User user);

    @GetMapping("/user")
    List<User> findAll();
}

添加fallback实现

package com.learn.userapi.fallback;

import com.learn.userapi.api.UserService;
import com.learn.userapi.domain.User;

import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * fallback实现
 */
public class UserServiceFallback implements UserService{

    @Override
    public boolean saveUser(User user) {
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public List<User> findAll() {
        return Collections.emptyList();
    }
}

修改ribbon-client

将模块名改为user-service-client， 意思是user服务调用方

添加@EnableFeignClients

/**
 * RibbonClients定义多个Ribbon
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@RibbonClients({
		@RibbonClient(name = "user-service-provider")
})
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableCircuitBreaker //使用服务短路
@EnableFeignClients(clients = UserService.class) //申明UserService接口作为Feign Client调用
public class RibbonClientApplication {

添加Controller:

package com.learn.ribbonclient.controller;

import com.learn.ribbonclient.hystrix.UserRibbonClientHystrixCommand;
import com.learn.userapi.domain.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalancerClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;

/**
 * 用户 Ribbon Controller
 *
 * @author <a href="mailto:mercyblitz@gmail.com">Mercy</a>
 * @since 0.0.1
 */
@RestController
public class UserRibbonController {

    /**
     * 负载均衡器客户端
     */
    @Autowired
    private LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient;

    @Value("${service-provider.name}")
    private String providerServiceName;

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping("")
    public String index() throws IOException {

        User user = new User();
        user.setId(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
        user.setName("Saint");

        // 选择指定的 service Id
        ServiceInstance serviceInstance = loadBalancerClient.choose(providerServiceName);

        return loadBalancerClient.execute(providerServiceName, serviceInstance, instance -> {

            //服务器实例，获取 主机名（IP） 和 端口
            String host = instance.getHost();
            int port = instance.getPort();
            String url = "http://" + host + ":" + port + "/user/save";
            RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();

            return restTemplate.postForObject(url, user, String.class);

        });

    }

    /**
     * 调用 user-service-provider "/user/list" REST 接口，并且直接返回内容
     * 增加 短路功能
     */
    @GetMapping("/user-service-provider/user/list")
    public List<User> getUsersList() {
        return new UserRibbonClientHystrixCommand(providerServiceName, restTemplate).execute();
    }

}

添加UserRibbonClientHystrixCommand

package com.learn.ribbonclient.hystrix;

import com.netflix.hystrix.HystrixCommand;
import com.netflix.hystrix.HystrixCommandGroupKey;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;

public class UserRibbonClientHystrixCommand extends HystrixCommand<List> {

    private final String providerServiceName;

    private final RestTemplate restTemplate;

    public UserRibbonClientHystrixCommand(String providerServiceName, RestTemplate restTemplate) {
        super(HystrixCommandGroupKey.Factory.asKey(
                "User-Ribbon-Client"),
                100);
        this.providerServiceName = providerServiceName;
        this.restTemplate = restTemplate;
    }

    /**
     * 主逻辑实现
     *
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Override
    protected List run() throws Exception {
        return restTemplate.getForObject("http://" + providerServiceName + "/user/list", List.class);
    }

    /**
     * Fallback 实现
     *
     * @return 空集合
     */
    protected List getFallback() {
        return Collections.emptyList();
    }

}

修改config-client

改名为user-service-provider

实现UserService,暴露HTTP REST服务

添加UserService实现类

package com.learn.configclient.service;

import com.learn.userapi.api.UserService;
import com.learn.userapi.domain.User;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;

@Service("userService")
public class UserServiceInMemory implements UserService {
    private Map<String,User> map = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
    @Override
    public boolean saveUser(User user) {
        return map.put(user.getId(),user) == null;
    }

    @Override
    public List<User> findAll() {
        return new ArrayList<>(map.values());
    }
}

添加Controller

@RestController
public class UserServiceProviderController implements UserService{

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("userService")
    private UserService userService;

    private final static Random random = new Random();

    // 通过方法继承，URL 映射 ：POST "/user"
    @Override
    public boolean saveUser(@RequestBody User user) {
        return userService.saveUser(user);
    }

    @HystrixCommand(
            commandProperties = { // Command 配置
                    // 设置操作时间为 100 毫秒
                    @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds", value = "100")
            },
            fallbackMethod = "fallbackForGetUsers" // 设置 fallback 方法
    )
    // 通过方法继承，URL 映射 ：GET "/user"
    @Override
    public List<User> findAll() {
        return userService.findAll();
    }

    /**
     * 获取所有用户列表
     *
     * @return
     */
    @HystrixCommand(
            commandProperties = { // Command 配置
                    // 设置操作时间为 100 毫秒
                    @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds", value = "100")
            },
            fallbackMethod = "fallbackForGetUsers" // 设置 fallback 方法
    )
    @GetMapping("/user/list")
    public List<User> getUsers() throws InterruptedException {

        long executeTime = random.nextInt(200);

        // 通过休眠来模拟执行时间
        System.out.println("Execute Time : " + executeTime + " ms");

        Thread.sleep(executeTime);

        return userService.findAll();
    }

    /**
     * {@link #getUsers()} 的 fallback 方法
     *
     * @return 空集合
     */
    public List<User> fallbackForGetUsers() {
        return Collections.emptyList();
    }
}

注意这里的Controller继承了

@PostMapping("/user")
boolean saveUser(User user);

@GetMapping("/user")
List<User> findAll();

可以省略相应的url配置。

修改配置文件

spring:
  application:
    name: user-service-provider
server:
  port: 9090
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka