@ConfigurationProperties、@PropertySource注解的使用

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person.dog")注解来修饰某类bean，其作用是告诉springBoot，获取配置文件中属性值，然后此类中的属性将与配置文件中对应属性一一绑定。【prefix = "person.dog"】表示与配置文件中哪个层级的属性进行绑定。如果是在主配置文件中(属性名必须是application.yml或application.properties)可以直接使用，实际生产中因为项目中一些属性为了直观区分，需自定义一个配置文件，例如redis.properties，这些属性在自定义的 配置文件中的，则需要配合@PropertySource使用.

默认Spring只读取主配置文件的属性，因此要引入自定义配置文件则要使用@PropertySource注解，并指定自定义配置文件路径，这样就可以将指定配置文件的属性读取到Spring中以供使用。我们可以通过environment.getProperty("env.name")，获取指定属性的值。也可以配合@Value 注解将Spring容器中读取到的值赋值给bean的属性。这种方式适合主要注入的属性少的场景，如果bean属性很多，那么要一个个的给属性标注@Value注解，过于繁琐，可以直接使用@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person.dog")自动适配属性。

person.properties配置文件内容

person.lastName=summer
person.age=18
person.address=南京
person.desc=${person.lastName} from  ${person.address} and his age is ${person.age} and he has a cute dog named ${person.dog.name}

person.dog.name=花花
person.dog.age=8

env.name=summer_env

1.通过@PropertySource 引入配置文件 配合@Value 注解注入值

package com.summerSpringBoot.demo.pojo;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@PropertySource(value = { "classpath:person.properties" })
@Component
public class Person {

	@Value("${person.lastName}")
	private String name;
	@Value("${person.age}")
	private int age;
	@Value("${person.address}")
	private String address;
	@Value("${person.desc}")
	private String desc;

	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setAddress(String address) {
		this.address = address;
	}

	public String getAddress() {
		return address;
	}

	public String getDesc() {
		return desc;
	}

	public void setDesc(String desc) {
		this.desc = desc;
	}

}

 

2.直接通过@PropertySource 引入配置文件 配合@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person.dog") 自动赋值

package com.summerSpringBoot.demo.pojo;


import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@PropertySource(value={ "classpath:person.properties" },encoding = "utf-8")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person.dog")
public class Dog {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

package com.summerSpringBoot.demo.controller;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.UUID;



import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.alibaba.druid.stat.TableStat.Name;
import com.summerSpringBoot.demo.pojo.Dog;
import com.summerSpringBoot.demo.pojo.Order;
import com.summerSpringBoot.demo.pojo.Person;
import com.summerSpringBoot.demo.pojo.User;

@RestController
public class UserController {

	@Value("${person.lastName}")
	private String lastName;
	@Autowired
	private Person person;
	@Autowired
	private Dog dog;
	@Autowired
	private Environment environment;
	

	@RequestMapping("/")
	public Map index() {
		Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();

		map.put("id", UUID.randomUUID().toString());
		map.put("name", lastName);
		map.put("person", person);
		map.put("dog", dog);
		String property = environment.getProperty("env.name");
		map.put("env", property);
		return map;
	}

	
}

访问：http://127.0.0.1/summer/   可以成功拿到值