ejb底层原理Socket

前两天在这个版块的精华区里翻到了Robbin关于EJB的调用原理的分析，受益非浅，但感觉用纯文字来表达效果似乎不够直观，而且对RMI的阐述也略嫌少了些。这里我根据自己的一点体会，在Robbin帖子的基础上再来说说这个话题，供大家参考。

首先，我想先说说RMI的工作原理，因为EJB毕竟是基于RMI的嘛。废话就不多讲了，RMI的本质就是实现在不同JVM之间的调用，工作原理图如下：
<img src="http://www.cs.ucsd.edu/classes/sp00/cse225/notes/eric/DayoftheLollipop_files/image011.jpg"/>


它的实现方法就是在两个JVM中各开一个Stub和Skeleton，二者通过socket通信来实现参数和返回值的传递。

有关RMI的例子代码网上可以找到不少，但绝大部分都是通过extend the interface java.rmi.Remote实现，已经封装的很完善了，不免使人有雾里看花的感觉。下面的例子是我在《Enterprise JavaBeans》里看到的，虽然很粗糙，但很直观，利于很快了解它的工作原理。

1. 定义一个Person的接口，其中有两个business method, getAge() 和getName()

Java代码
public interface Person {
public int getAge(); throws Throwable;
public String getName(); throws Throwable;
}

public interface Person {
public int getAge(); throws Throwable;
public String getName(); throws Throwable;
}


2. Person的实现PersonServer类
Java代码
public class PersonServer implements Person {
int age;
String name;

public PersonServer(String name, int age); {
this.age = age;
this.name = name;
}

public int getAge(); {
return age;
}

public String getName(); {
return name;
}
}

public class PersonServer implements Person {
int age;
String name;

public PersonServer(String name, int age); {
this.age = age;
this.name = name;
}

public int getAge(); {
return age;
}

public String getName(); {
return name;
}
}


3. 好，我们现在要在Client机器上调用getAge()和getName()这两个business method，那么就得编写相应的Stub(Client端)和Skeleton(Server端)程序。这是Stub的实现：
Java代码
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Person_Stub implements Person {
Socket socket;

public Person_Stub(); throws Throwable {
// connect to skeleton
socket = new Socket("computer_name", 9000);;
}

public int getAge(); throws Throwable {
// pass method name to skeleton
ObjectOutputStream outStream =
new ObjectOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream(););;
outStream.writeObject("age");;
outStream.flush();;

ObjectInputStream inStream =
new ObjectInputStream(socket.getInputStream(););;
return inStream.readInt();;
}

public String getName(); throws Throwable {
// pass method name to skeleton
ObjectOutputStream outStream =
new ObjectOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream(););;
outStream.writeObject("name");;
outStream.flush();;

ObjectInputStream inStream =
new ObjectInputStream(socket.getInputStream(););;
return (String);inStream.readObject();;
}
}

import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Person_Stub implements Person {
Socket socket;

public Person_Stub(); throws Throwable {
// connect to skeleton
socket = new Socket("computer_name", 9000);;
}

public int getAge(); throws Throwable {
// pass method name to skeleton
ObjectOutputStream outStream =
new ObjectOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream(););;
outStream.writeObject("age");;
outStream.flush();;

ObjectInputStream inStream =
new ObjectInputStream(socket.getInputStream(););;
return inStream.readInt();;
}

public String getName(); throws Throwable {
// pass method name to skeleton
ObjectOutputStream outStream =
new ObjectOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream(););;
outStream.writeObject("name");;
outStream.flush();;

ObjectInputStream inStream =
new ObjectInputStream(socket.getInputStream(););;
return (String);inStream.readObject();;
}
}


注意，Person_Stub和PersonServer一样，都implements Person。它们都实现了getAge()和getName()两个business method，不同的是PersonServer是真的实现，Person_Stub是建立socket连接，并向Skeleton发请求，然后通过Skeleton调用PersonServer的方法，最后接收返回的结果。

4. Skeleton实现
Java代码
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.ServerSocket;

public class Person_Skeleton extends Thread {
PersonServer myServer;

public Person_Skeleton(PersonServer server); {
// get reference of object server
this.myServer = server;
}

public void run(); {
try {
// new socket at port 9000
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9000);;
// accept stub's request
Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();;

while (socket != null); {
// get stub's request
ObjectInputStream inStream =
new ObjectInputStream(socket.getInputStream(););;
String method = (String);inStream.readObject();;

// check method name
if (method.equals("age");); {
// execute object server's business method
int age = myServer.getAge();;
ObjectOutputStream outStream =
new ObjectOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream(););;

// return result to stub
outStream.writeInt(age);;
outStream.flush();;
}

if(method.equals("name");); {
// execute object server's business method
String name = myServer.getName();;
ObjectOutputStream outStream =
new ObjectOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream(););;

// return result to stub
outStream.writeObject(name);;
outStream.flush();;
}
}
} catch(Throwable t); {
t.printStackTrace();;
System.exit(0);;
}
}

public static void main(String args []); {
// new object server
PersonServer person = new PersonServer("Richard", 34);;

Person_Skeleton skel = new Person_Skeleton(person);;
skel.start();;
}
}

import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.ServerSocket;

public class Person_Skeleton extends Thread {
PersonServer myServer;

public Person_Skeleton(PersonServer server); {
// get reference of object server
this.myServer = server;
}

public void run(); {
try {
// new socket at port 9000
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9000);;
// accept stub's request
Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();;

while (socket != null); {
// get stub's request
ObjectInputStream inStream =
new ObjectInputStream(socket.getInputStream(););;
String method = (String);inStream.readObject();;

// check method name
if (method.equals("age");); {
// execute object server's business method
int age = myServer.getAge();;
ObjectOutputStream outStream =
new ObjectOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream(););;

// return result to stub
outStream.writeInt(age);;
outStream.flush();;
}

if(method.equals("name");); {
// execute object server's business method
String name = myServer.getName();;
ObjectOutputStream outStream =
new ObjectOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream(););;

// return result to stub
outStream.writeObject(name);;
outStream.flush();;
}
}
} catch(Throwable t); {
t.printStackTrace();;
System.exit(0);;
}
}

public static void main(String args []); {
// new object server
PersonServer person = new PersonServer("Richard", 34);;

Person_Skeleton skel = new Person_Skeleton(person);;
skel.start();;
}
}


Skeleton类 extends from Thread，它长驻在后台运行，随时接收client发过来的request。并根据发送过来的key去调用相应的business method。

5. 最后一个，Client的实现
Java代码
public class PersonClient {
public static void main(String [] args); {
try {
Person person = new Person_Stub();;
int age = person.getAge();;
String name = person.getName();;
System.out.println(name + " is " + age + " years old");;
} catch(Throwable t); {
t.printStackTrace();;
}
}
}

public class PersonClient {
public static void main(String [] args); {
try {
Person person = new Person_Stub();;
int age = person.getAge();;
String name = person.getName();;
System.out.println(name + " is " + age + " years old");;
} catch(Throwable t); {
t.printStackTrace();;
}
}
}


Client的本质是，它要知道Person接口的定义，并实例一个Person_Stub，通过Stub来调用business method，至于Stub怎么去和Server沟通，Client就不用管了。

注意它的写法：
Person person = new Person_Stub();
而不是
Person_Stub person = new Person_Stub();

为什么？因为要面向接口编程嘛，呵呵。

感谢您有耐心看到这里，关于RMI，我想说的就这么多了。但是好象还没写到EJB，本人就累了个半死，算了，我还是先去睡觉，明天再往下续吧。。。