java笔记 socket

一.socket

这个类实例化需要两个参数
一个是IP地址，一个是int型的端口号

ct = new Socket(IP, Port);

二.ServerSocket

这个是服务器端的套接字
这个类的实例化只要一个端口号参数即可

socketforclient = new ServerSocket(1999); 

三.建立连接

建立通讯主要是两个部分
一个是服务器端，一个是客户端

在服务器端
我们要先使用一个ServerSocket实例化一个对象
这个对象使用和客户端一样的端口号来作为参数进行实例化

socketforclient = new ServerSocket(1999);  // 返回客户端是1999的套接字

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之后使用accept（）函数建立连接，返回一个和这个端口号一样的Socket对象
将这个对象赋值给服务器端的Socket

socketonserver = socketforclient.accept();       // 建立连接

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这个过程相当于我们利用ServerSocket作为海关，迎接了一个来自客户端且端口号一致的Socket使者
然后这个使者赋值给自己的使者
之后靠这个使者来传输信息

// 接受发出数据流
            in = new DataInputStream(socketonserver.getInputStream());
            out = new DataOutputStream(socketonserver.getOutputStream());

（in 和 out 都是数据流）

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在客户端
我们只要实例化一个Socket类就行了

ct = new Socket(IP, Port);
in = new DataInputStream(ct.getInputStream());
out = new DataOutputStream(ct.getOutputStream());

四.完整代码

服务器端

package Platform;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

class ServerGUI extends JFrame
{

    JTextArea showArea;     //显示文本框
    JTextField sendfield;    //端口文本框
    serthread st;          // 线程
    Startbtnpolice startbtnpolicebp;
    Sentbtnpolice sentbtnpolice;
    JButton sendbtn;

    // 开始按钮监听器
    private class Startbtnpolice implements ActionListener
    {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
        {
            showArea.append("Server starting… "+"\n" );
        }
    }

    // 发送按钮监听器
    private class Sentbtnpolice  implements ActionListener  //
    {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
        {
            st.sentmssage(sendfield.getText());
            showArea.append("Server: " + sendfield.getText() + "\n");
            sendfield.setText("");
        }
    }

    // 文本监听器
    private class textpolice implements ActionListener
    {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
        {
            st.sentmssage(sendfield.getText());
            showArea.append("Server: " + sendfield.getText() + "\n");
            sendfield.setText("");
        }
    }



    public void setthread(serthread st)
    {
        this.st = st;
    }

    public ServerGUI()
    {
        super("服务器");
        Container contain = getContentPane();

        // 实例化监听器
        startbtnpolicebp = new Startbtnpolice();
        sentbtnpolice = new Sentbtnpolice();

        // 显示文本框设置
        showArea = new JTextArea(5,20);
        JScrollPane js = new JScrollPane(showArea);
        contain.add(js);

        // 顶端布局设置
        JPanel upPanel = new JPanel();
        upPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        JButton startbtn = new JButton("Start");
        startbtn.addActionListener(startbtnpolicebp);
        JLabel portlabel=new JLabel("Port：",SwingConstants.LEFT);
        JTextField portfield=new JTextField(30);
        portfield.setText("1999");
        upPanel.add(portlabel);
        upPanel.add(portfield);
        upPanel.add(startbtn);
        contain.add(upPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);

        // 底端布局设置
        JPanel downpanel = new JPanel();
        downpanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        sendfield = new JTextField(30);// 发送文本框
        sendfield.addActionListener(new textpolice());
        sendbtn = new JButton("Say");
        sendbtn.addActionListener(sentbtnpolice);
        downpanel.add(new JLabel("Say:"));
        downpanel.add(sendfield);
        downpanel.add(sendbtn);
        contain.add(downpanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        setSize(500, 300);
        setVisible(true);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
}

class serthread extends Thread
{
    Socket socketonserver;            // 自身的套接字
    ServerSocket socketforclient;     // 返回客户端的套接字
    DataInputStream in;               // 输入数据流
    DataOutputStream out;             // 输出数据流
    ServerGUI gui;                    // 利用gui发送消息，使其显示在文本框中


    public serthread(ServerGUI Gui)
    {
        try
        {
            gui = Gui;
            gui.setthread(this);    // 获得线程，最后利用线程在监听器中发送消息,其实在实例化主线程的st，进而完成监听器的操作

            socketforclient = new ServerSocket(1999);  // 返回客户端是1999的套接字
            socketonserver = socketforclient.accept();       // 建立连接

            // 接受发出数据流
            in = new DataInputStream(socketonserver.getInputStream());
            out = new DataOutputStream(socketonserver.getOutputStream());
        }
        catch(IOException e)
        {
            System.out.println(e);
        }
    }

    public void run()
    {
        String massage;

        // 不断获取信息
        while(true)
        {
            try
            {
                massage = in.readUTF();
                gui.showArea.append(massage + "\n");
            }
            catch(Exception e)
            {
                System.out.println(e);
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    // 发送消息
    public void sentmssage(String massage)
    {
        try
        {
            out.writeUTF("Server: " + massage + "\n");
        }
        catch(Exception e)
        {
            System.out.println(e);
        }
    }
}

public class Serve
{
    public static void main(String args[])
    {
        ServerGUI sGUI = new ServerGUI();
        serthread st = new serthread(sGUI);
        st.start();
    }
}

---

客户端

package Platform;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;

class ClientGUI extends JFrame
{
    JTextArea showArea;                       // 输出文本框
    JTextField sendfield;                     // 发送框
    clithread ct;                             // 自定义客户端线程
    JTextField ipfield;                       // IP地址输入框
    JTextField portfield;                     // Port发送框
    JButton connectbtn;                       // 连接按钮
    Connectbtnpolice connectbtnpolice;        // 连接按钮监听器
    Sendbtnpolice sendbtnpolice;              // 发送按钮监听器

    // 连接按钮监听器
    private class Connectbtnpolice implements ActionListener
    {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
        {
            System.out.println(portfield.getText());
            if(portfield.getText().equals( "1999"))
            {
                showArea.append("Connect to server…" + "\n");
                // 连接成功以后开始创造线程
                ct = new clithread(ipfield.getText(), 1999, ClientGUI.this);
                ClientGUI.this.setthread(ct);
                showArea.append("Client connected…" + "\n");
            }
            else
            {
                showArea.append("非法端口" + "\n");
            }
        }
    }

    // 发送按钮监听器
    private class Sendbtnpolice implements ActionListener
    {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
        {
            ct.sentmessage(sendfield.getText());
            showArea.append("Client: " + sendfield.getText() + "\n");
            sendfield.setText("");
        }
    }

    // 文本监听器
    private class textpolice implements ActionListener
    {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
        {
            ct.sentmessage(sendfield.getText());
            showArea.append("Client: " + sendfield.getText() + "\n");
            sendfield.setText("");
        }
    }

    //构造函数
    public void setthread(clithread ct)
    {
        this.ct = ct;
    }

    public ClientGUI()
    {
        super("客户端");

        // 布局
        Container contain = getContentPane();  // 获得容器面板
        contain.setLayout(new BorderLayout());

        // 实例化监听器
        connectbtnpolice = new Connectbtnpolice();
        sendbtnpolice = new Sendbtnpolice();

        // 对话文本框
        showArea = new JTextArea(10,30);
        contain.add(new JScrollPane(showArea), BorderLayout.CENTER);

        // 顶端布局
        JPanel upPanel = new JPanel();
        upPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        upPanel.add(new JLabel("Server IP:"));
        ipfield = new JTextField(15);
        ipfield.setText("127.0.0.1");
        upPanel.add(ipfield);
        upPanel.add(new JLabel("Serve Port："));
        portfield =new JTextField(8);
        upPanel.add(portfield);
        connectbtn = new JButton("Connect");
        connectbtn.addActionListener(connectbtnpolice);
        upPanel.add(connectbtn);
        contain.add(upPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);

        // 底端布局
        JPanel downpanel = new JPanel();
        downpanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout());  // 面板
        sendfield = new JTextField(30);//发送文本框
        JButton sendBtn = new JButton("Say");   // 发送按钮
        sendBtn.addActionListener(sendbtnpolice);
        sendfield.addActionListener(new textpolice());
        downpanel.add(new JLabel("Say:"));
        downpanel.add(sendfield);
        downpanel.add(sendBtn);
        contain.add(downpanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        setSize(500, 300);
        setVisible(true);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
}

class clithread extends Thread
{
    Socket ct;                // 自己的套接字
    ClientGUI cGUI;           // 调用窗口显示文本
    DataInputStream in;
    DataOutputStream out;

    // 构造函数
    public clithread(String IP, int Port,  ClientGUI cgui)
    {
        try
        {
            cGUI = cgui;
            ct = new Socket(IP, Port);
            in = new DataInputStream(ct.getInputStream());
            out = new DataOutputStream(ct.getOutputStream());
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            System.out.println(e);
        }
        start();
    }

    public void run()
    {
        String message;

        // 获取信息
        while(true)
        {
            try
            {
                message = in.readUTF();
                // System.out.println("接受到了");
                cGUI.showArea.append(message);
            }
            catch(Exception e)
            {
                System.out.println(e);
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    // 发送消息
    public void sentmessage(String message)
    {
        try
        {
            out.writeUTF("Client: " + message);
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            System.out.println(e);
        }
    }


}
public class Client
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        ClientGUI cGUI = new ClientGUI();
    }
}