PhantomJS的替代方案

提供了Selenium+Headless Firefox在Python上实现的方法：

from selenium.webdriver import Firefox
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as expected
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait

if __name__ == "__main__":
    options = Options()
    options.add_argument('-headless')  # 无头参数
    driver = Firefox(executable_path='geckodriver', firefox_options=options)  # 配了环境变量第一个参数就可以省了，不然传绝对路径
    wait = WebDriverWait(driver, timeout=10)
    driver.get('http://www.google.com')
    wait.until(expected.visibility_of_element_located((By.NAME, 'q'))).send_keys('headless firefox' + Keys.ENTER)
    wait.until(expected.visibility_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, '#ires a'))).click()
    print(driver.page_source)
    driver.quit()

作者也说了，本地要有Firefox；本地要有geckodriver，最好再配置一下环境变量；别每下载一个网页实例化一个webdriver（Firefox or Chrome）然后就close()掉，实例化webdriver的时间也是时间~推荐将下载器做成单例类或将webdirver做类变量。

对于Chrome，（需要安装chromedriver）：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument('--headless')
chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-gpu')
driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options)
driver.get("https://cnblogs.com/")