简述:
HttpServletResponse是用于将Servlet处理好的内容发送给浏览器的类,服务器通过对HttpServletResponse对象中的内容进行截取、拼接就能获得一个完整的HTTP响应信息。
一、完成文件下载(文件拷贝)
二、生成验证码(了解其中原理,验证码图片生成的代码不用写 )
1、设置 http 响应行的状态码
setStatus(int sc);
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//1、手动设置 http 响应行的状态码
response.setStatus(404);
}
效果:
2、设置 http 响应头
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
Date date = new Date();
// 设置响应头
response.addHeader("name", "zhangsan");
response.addIntHeader("age", 20);
response.addDateHeader("birthday", date.getTime());
}
效果:
重定向:(状态码 302)
代码实现
Servlet1:
package com.ma.header;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* Servlet implementation class Servlet1
*/
public class Servlet1 extends HttpServlet {
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 没有响应 告知客户端去重定向 Servlet2
// 1、设置状态码
response.setStatus(302);
// 2、设置响应头 Location
response.setHeader("Location", "/WEB14/servlet2");
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}
Servlet2:
package com.ma.header;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* Servlet implementation class Servlet2
*/
public class Servlet2 extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 重定向的页面
response.getWriter().write("Servlet2 ! ! !");
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}
重定向到 Servlet2:
封装的方法:
//封装成重定向方法
response.sendRedirect("/WEB14/servlet2");
页面跳转的方法:
// 设置定时刷新的头
response.setHeader("refresh", "5;url=http://baidu.com");
向客户端写内容:
package com.ma.header;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* Servlet implementation class ByteServlet
*/
public class ByteServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//使用 response 获得字节输出流
ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
//获得服务器上的图片
String realpath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("a.jpg");
InputStream in = new FileInputStream(realpath);
int len = 0;
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
while((len = in.read(buffer)) > 0){
out.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
in.close();
out.close();
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}
案例一:完成文件下载
问题:1)什么时候会文件下载?
浏览器不能解析的文件就会下载
2)什么情况下需要在服务器端编写文件下载的代码?
1、使用 a 标签直接直接指向文件
代码一:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>使用 a 标签直接服务器的资源</h1>
<a href="/WEB14/download/a.flv">a.flv</a><br/>
<a href="/WEB14/download/a.jpg">a.jpg</a><br/>
<a href="/WEB14/download/a.mp3">a.mp3</a><br/>
<a href="/WEB14/download/a.mp4">a.mp4</a><br/>
<a href="/WEB14/download/a.txt">a.txt</a><br/>
<a href="/WEB14/download/a.zip">a.zip</a><br/>
</body>
</html>
2、使用服务端编写代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>使用 a 标签直接服务器的资源</h1>
<a href="/WEB14/download/a.flv">a.flv</a><br/>
<a href="/WEB14/download/a.jpg">a.jpg</a><br/>
<a href="/WEB14/download/a.mp3">a.mp3</a><br/>
<a href="/WEB14/download/a.mp4">a.mp4</a><br/>
<a href="/WEB14/download/a.txt">a.txt</a><br/>
<a href="/WEB14/download/a.zip">a.zip</a><br/>
<h1>使用 服务器端编码的方式实现文件的下载</h1>
<a href="/WEB14/downloadServlet?filename=a.flv">a.flv</a><br/>
<a href="/WEB14/downloadServlet?filename=a.jpg">a.jpg</a><br/>
<a href="/WEB14/downloadServlet?filename=a.mp3">a.mp3</a><br/>
<a href="/WEB14/downloadServlet?filename=a.mp4">a.mp4</a><br/>
<a href="/WEB14/downloadServlet?filename=a.txt">a.txt</a><br/>
<a href="/WEB14/downloadServlet?filename=a.zip">a.zip</a><br/>
</body>
</html>
代码二:
package com.ma.header;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* Servlet implementation class DownloadServlet
*/
public class DownloadServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//获得要下载的文件的名称
String filename = request.getParameter("filename");//a.flv
//获取文件的绝对路径
String path = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("download/"+filename);
//获得文件的输入流
InputStream in = new FileInputStream(path);
//获得输出流向客户端写内容
ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
//文件拷贝的模板代码
int len = 0;
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
while((len = in.read(buffer)) > 0){
out.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
out.close();
in.close();
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}