SQL查询的介绍

1、准备条件

    1、首先要有一个数据库

检测是否存在有这个库：drop database if exists 库名

2、创建一个表

检测是否存在有这个库：drop database if exists 表名

3、为这个表添加数据

4、进行查询

2、查询入门

查询所有信息

select * from student ;

查询部分列

	select name,age from student;

起别名

起别名，用as
 select name as 姓名,age as 年龄 from student;
-- as 也可直接省略
 select name 姓名,age 年龄 from student;

去除重复

 去除重复 distinct 去除重复字段值
  select distinct address,name from student;

条件判断查询

 判断
  select * from student where age>19; 
	select * from student where age<19;
	select * from student where age<=19;
	select * from student where age>=19;
	select * from student where age!=19;
-- 多条件查询
	select * from student where age>=19 and address='上海';
	select * from student where age<19 or address='上海';
-- 范围查询 有两种表达方式
-- 第一种
   select * from student where age>=19 and age<=30;
-- 第二种
   select * from student where age between 19 and 30;
-- 范围查询,需求查询
   select * from student where age =18 or age=25 or age=30 or age=36 or age=48;
-- 使用in替换上面的模式
    select * from student where age in(18,25,30,36,48);

模糊查询

-- 查询名字中第二个字符为三
 select * from student where name like '_三%';
-- 查询姓李 %统配任意字符
select * from student where name like '李%';
select * from student where name like '%三%';

对查询结果进行排序

--  排序查询 order by 列名 desc：降序 升序不加desc
  select * from student order by age desc , id desc;
-- 根据多列进行排序年龄按照降序  姓名按照升序。 
   select * from student order by age desc, name ;
-- 按照年龄进行排序 如果年龄相同  再按照id进行排序
   select * from student where age>19 order by age desc;