shell中的echo命令

1. echo命令的定义和语法

echo 是一个 Shell 内建命令，用来在终端输出字符串

[root@server1 mnt]# sh test.sh 
students，你好！
http://www.westos.org
Shell教程的网址是：http://www.westos.org
${name}的网址是：${url}
[root@server1 mnt]# cat test.sh 
#!/bin/bash
name="Shell教程"
url="http://www.westos.org"
echo "students，你好！"  #直接输出字符串
echo $url  #输出变量
echo "${name}的网址是：${url}"  #双引号包围的字符串中可以解析变量
echo '${name}的网址是：${url}'  #单引号包围的字符串中不能解析变量

2. 不换行

[root@server1 mnt]# sh test.sh 
Tom is 20 years old, 175cm in height and 62kg in weight.
Thank you!
[root@server1 mnt]# cat test.sh 
#!/bin/bash
name="Tom"
age=20
height=175
weight=62
echo -n "${name} is ${age} years old, "
echo -n "${height}cm in height "
echo "and ${weight}kg in weight."
echo "Thank you!"

3. 输出转义字符

默认情况下，echo 不会解析以反斜杠\开头的转义字符。比如，\n表示换行，echo 默认会将它作为普通字符对待

[root@server1 mnt]# echo "hello \nworld"
hello \nworld
[root@server1 mnt]#  echo -e "hello \nworld"
hello 
world

有了-e参数，我们也可以使用转义字符\c来强制 echo 命令不换行了

[root@server1 mnt]# sh test.sh 
Tom is 20 years old, 175cm in height and 62kg in weight.
Thank you!
[root@server1 mnt]# cat test.sh 
#!/bin/bash
name="Tom"
age=20
height=175
weight=62
echo -e "${name} is ${age} years old, \c"
echo -e "${height}cm in height \c"
echo "and ${weight}kg in weight."
echo "Thank you!"