Hive CLI 常用操作

###1 官方地址地址及语法

To get help, run "hive -H" or "hive --help".
Usage (as it is in Hive 0.9.0):
usage: hive
 -d,--define <key=value>          Variable substitution to apply to Hive
                                  commands. e.g. -d A=B or --define A=B
 -e <quoted-query-string>         SQL from command line
 -f <filename>                    SQL from files
 -H,--help                        Print help information
 -h <hostname>                    Connecting to Hive Server on remote host
    --hiveconf <property=value>   Use value for given property
    --hivevar <key=value>         Variable substitution to apply to hive
                                  commands. e.g. --hivevar A=B
 -i <filename>                    Initialization SQL file
 -p <port>                        Connecting to Hive Server on port number
 -S,--silent                      Silent mode in interactive shell
 -v,--verbose                     Verbose mode (echo executed SQL to the
                                  console)

###2 hive -e

[hadoop@zydatahadoop001 data]$ hive -e 'select * from default.student';

OK
1       zhangsan        18310982765     20
2       lisi    18282823434     30
3       wangwu  1575757668      40
Time taken: 3.373 seconds, Fetched: 3 row(s)

[hadoop@zydatahadoop001 data]$ hive -e 'show tables';
OK
dept
dept1
emmp2
emp
emp1
emp3
emp_dynamic_partition
emp_partition
helloword
order_multi_partition
order_partition
stu
stu_age_partition
student
Time taken: 1.352 seconds, Fetched: 14 row(s)

###3 hive -s

s 是以静默模式执行

[hadoop@zydatahadoop001 data]$ hive -S -e 'show tables' > a.txt

[hadoop@zydatahadoop001 data]$ ll
total 12
-rw-r--r--. 1 hadoop hadoop  18 Jan  9 10:35 000000_0
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 145 Jan 10 01:33 a.txt
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 113 Jan 10 00:48 student.txt
[hadoop@zydatahadoop001 data]$ cat a.txt 
dept
dept1
emmp2
emp
emp1
emp3
emp_dynamic_partition
emp_partition
helloword
order_multi_partition
order_partition
stu
stu_age_partition
student

###4 hive-f

• 使用非交互的方式执行本地脚本

[hadoop@zydatahadoop001 data]$  vi hfile.sql  
select * from default.student ;

[hadoop@zydatahadoop001 data]$ hive -f hfile.sql 
OK
1       zhangsan        18310982765     20
2       lisi    18282823434     30
3       wangwu  1575757668      40
Time taken: 2.14 seconds, Fetched: 3 row(s)

###5 hive -i

• 在初始化脚本之前进入到交互模式

[hadoop@zydatahadoop001 data]$ hive -i hfile.sql
1       zhangsan        18310982765     20
2       lisi    18282823434     30
3       wangwu  1575757668      40