spark运行模式中的一些错误

错误一

Caused by: ERROR XJ040: Failed to start database 'metastore_db' with class loader org.apache.spark.sql.hive.client.IsolatedClientLoader$$anon$1@19105a87, see the next exception for details.
        at org.apache.derby.iapi.error.StandardException.newException(Unknown Source)
        at org.apache.derby.impl.jdbc.SQLExceptionFactory.wrapArgsForTransportAcrossDRDA(Unknown Source)
        ... 152 more
Caused by: ERROR XSDB6: Another instance of Derby may have already booted the database /opt/software/spark-2.2.0-bin-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/bin/metastore_db.

WARN TaskSchedulerImpl: Initial job has not accepted 
any resources; 
check your cluster UI to ensure 
that workers are registered and 
have sufficient resources

产生的原因：当在一个session中启动spark后，又开启了一个session，会报上面的错误，因为spark默认的元数据存储在derby，derby是单session的。

错误二

• local模式错误

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.Exception: When running with master 'yarn' either HADOOP_CONF_DIR or YARN_CONF_DIR must be set in the environment.
        at org.apache.spark.deploy.SparkSubmitArguments.validateSubmitArguments(SparkSubmitArguments.scala:263)
        at org.apache.spark.deploy.SparkSubmitArguments.validateArguments(SparkSubmitArguments.scala:240)
        at org.apache.spark.deploy.SparkSubmitArguments.<init>(SparkSubmitArguments.scala:116)
        at org.apache.spark.deploy.SparkSubmit$.main(SparkSubmit.scala:112)
        at org.apache.spark.deploy.SparkSubmit.main(SparkSubmit.scala)

产生的原因：基于local模式下，将hadoop配置文件目录加入saprk的环境变量中。
如果没有在vi saprk-env.sh中配置HADOOP_CONF_DIR or YARN_CONF_DIR会报错；
在vi saprk-env.sh中加入：HADOOP_CONF_DIR=/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop/etc/hadoop

错误三

• yarn模式错误

Caused by: javax.jdo.JDOFatalDataStoreException: Unable to open a test connection to the given database. JDBC url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/basic01?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true, username = root. Terminating connection pool (set lazyInit to true if you expect to start your database after your app). Original Exception: ------
com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException: Communications link failure

The last packet sent successfully to the server was 0 milliseconds ago. The driver has not received any packets from the server.
        at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
        at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:422)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:425)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createCommunicationsException(SQLError.java:990)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.<init>(MysqlIO.java:341)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.coreConnect(ConnectionImpl.java:2186)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.connectOneTryOnly(ConnectionImpl.java:2219)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.createNewIO(ConnectionImpl.java:2014)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.<init>(ConnectionImpl.java:776)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection.<init>(JDBC4Connection.java:47)
        at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
        at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:422)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:425)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.getInstance(ConnectionImpl.java:386)
....(错误太长这里省略了)
Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused
        at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Native Method)
        at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.doConnect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:345)
        at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:206)
        at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:188)
        at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:392)
        at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:589)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.StandardSocketFactory.connect(StandardSocketFactory.java:211)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.<init>(MysqlIO.java:300)
        ... 152 more

产生的原因： yarn模式下启动./spark-shell –master yarn （会报缺少驱动的错误）需要加上--jars mysql驱动包或者加载jars文件夹下。

错误四

• NN启动后直接输入shark sehll，NN还处于安全模式，一般等待10秒。

org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RemoteException: Cannot create directory /user/hadoop/.sparkStaging/application_1524198951655_0002. Name node is in safe mode.
The reported blocks 0 needs additional 145 blocks to reach the threshold 0.9990 of total blocks 145.
The number of live datanodes 1 has reached the minimum number 0. Safe mode will be turned off automatically once the thresholds have been reached. 

产生的原因：Name node is in safe mode
这是因为在分布式文件系统启动的时候，开始的时候会有安全模式，当分布式文件系统处于安全模式的情况下，文件系统中的内容不允许修改也不允许删除，直到安全模式结束。安全模式主要是为了系统启动的时候检查各个DataNode上数据块的有效性，同时根据策略必要的复制或者删除部分数据块。运行期通过命令也可以进入安全模式。在实践过程中，系统启动的时候去修改和删除文件也会有安全模式不允许修改的出错提示，只需要等待一会儿即可。
可以通过以下命令来手动离开安全模式：
1. $HADOOP_HOME/bin/hadoop dfsadmin -safemode leave ;
2. 用户可以通过dfsadmin -safemode value 来操作安全模式，参数value的说明如下：

enter - 进入安全模式
leave - 强制NameNode离开安全模式
get - 返回安全模式是否开启的信息
wait - 等待，一直到安全模式结束。

错误五

• local 模式启动报错

java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Error while instantiating 'org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveSessionStateBuilder':
  at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession$.org$apache$spark$sql$SparkSession$$instantiateSessionState(SparkSession.scala:1053)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession$$anonfun$sessionState$2.apply(SparkSession.scala:130)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession$$anonfun$sessionState$2.apply(SparkSession.scala:130)
  at scala.Option.getOrElse(Option.scala:121)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession.sessionState$lzycompute(SparkSession.scala:129)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession.sessionState(SparkSession.scala:126)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession$Builder$$anonfun$getOrCreate$5.apply(SparkSession.scala:938)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession$Builder$$anonfun$getOrCreate$5.apply(SparkSession.scala:938)
  at scala.collection.mutable.HashMap$$anonfun$foreach$1.apply(HashMap.scala:99)
  at scala.collection.mutable.HashMap$$anonfun$foreach$1.apply(HashMap.scala:99)
  at scala.collection.mutable.HashTable$class.foreachEntry(HashTable.scala:230)
  at scala.collection.mutable.HashMap.foreachEntry(HashMap.scala:40)
  at scala.collection.mutable.HashMap.foreach(HashMap.scala:99)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession$Builder.getOrCreate(SparkSession.scala:938)
  at org.apache.spark.repl.Main$.createSparkSession(Main.scala:97)
  ... 47 elided
Caused by: org.apache.spark.sql.AnalysisException: java.lang.RuntimeException: java.net.ConnectException: Call From hadoop/192.168.137.130 to hadoop:9000 failed on connection exception: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused; For more details see:  http://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/ConnectionRefused;
  at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveExternalCatalog.withClient(HiveExternalCatalog.scala:106)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveExternalCatalog.databaseExists(HiveExternalCatalog.scala:193)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SharedState.externalCatalog$lzycompute(SharedState.scala:105)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SharedState.externalCatalog(SharedState.scala:93)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveSessionStateBuilder.externalCatalog(HiveSessionStateBuilder.scala:39)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveSessionStateBuilder.catalog$lzycompute(HiveSessionStateBuilder.scala:54)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveSessionStateBuilder.catalog(HiveSessionStateBuilder.scala:52)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveSessionStateBuilder.catalog(HiveSessionStateBuilder.scala:35)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.internal.BaseSessionStateBuilder.build(BaseSessionStateBuilder.scala:289)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession$.org$apache$spark$sql$SparkSession$$instantiateSessionState(SparkSession.scala:1050)
  ... 61 more
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: java.net.ConnectException: Call From hadoop/192.168.137.130 to hadoop:9000 failed on connection exception: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused; For more details see:  http://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/ConnectionRefused
  at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:522)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.client.HiveClientImpl.<init>(HiveClientImpl.scala:191)
  at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
  at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
  at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
  at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:422)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.client.IsolatedClientLoader.createClient(IsolatedClientLoader.scala:264)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveUtils$.newClientForMetadata(HiveUtils.scala:362)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveUtils$.newClientForMetadata(HiveUtils.scala:266)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveExternalCatalog.client$lzycompute(HiveExternalCatalog.scala:66)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveExternalCatalog.client(HiveExternalCatalog.scala:65)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveExternalCatalog$$anonfun$databaseExists$1.apply$mcZ$sp(HiveExternalCatalog.scala:194)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveExternalCatalog$$anonfun$databaseExists$1.apply(HiveExternalCatalog.scala:194)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveExternalCatalog$$anonfun$databaseExists$1.apply(HiveExternalCatalog.scala:194)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveExternalCatalog.withClient(HiveExternalCatalog.scala:97)
  ... 70 more

产生原因：没有启动HDFS,start-dfs.sh