ORA-01033问题 以及 ORA-01145问题

因为离线误删本地表空间文件，导致ORA-01033，


但是在解决ORA-01033的过程中又遇到了ORA-01145的问题，


直接启动数据库时会报ORA-01033错误：

SQL> startup;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 630521856 bytes
Fixed Size 2146992 bytes
Variable Size 390073680 bytes
Database Buffers 230686720 bytes
Redo Buffers 7614464 bytes
Database mounted.
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 21 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 21: '/opt/oracle/oradata/sns/smpdata_zl.dbf'

对该文件进行一个offline操作，避免启动的时候读取该文件：
SQL> alter database datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/sns/smpdata_zl.dbf' offline；
alter database datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/sns/smpdata_zl.dbf' offline
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01145: offline immediate disallowed unless media recovery enabled

offline操作时带上drop参数解决ORA-01145问题：
SQL> alter database datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/sns/smpdata_zl.dbf' offline drop;

Database altered.

打开数据库：
SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

到此两个问题均得到解决。