LINUX下SOCKET编程

程序内容:服务端程序
运行环境:hp unix 操作系统上测试通过
编译命令:cc -o server server.c
执行命令:./server
源代码:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>

#define MYPROT 3490       /*服务器监听端口号*/
#define BACKLOG 10        /*最大同时连接请求数*/

/***************相关说明***********************************
SOCK_STREAM表示面向连接TCP,SOCK_DGRAM表示无连接UDP
struct sockaddr
{
    unsigned short sa_family;   *地址族, AF_xxx*
    char sa_data[14];           *14字节的协议地址*
}

struct sockaddr_in
{
    short int sin_familu;       *地址族*
    unsigned short int sin_prot;*端口号*
    struct in_addr sin_addr;    *IP地址*
    unsigned char sin_zero[8];  *填充0以保持与struct sockaddr同样的大小*
}
**********************************************************/
main()
{
    int sockfd,new_fd;    /*监听socket: sockfd,数据传输socket: new_fd*/
    struct sockaddr_in my_addr;    /*本机地址信息*/
    struct sockaddr_in their_addr; /*客户地址信息*/
    int sin_size;

    if ( -1 == (sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) )
    {   /*错误检测*/
        perror("socket");
        exit(1);
    }

    my_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    my_addr.sin_port = htons(MYPROT);   /*如果等于0则随机选择一个端口*/
    my_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;  /*系统填入本机IP地址*/
    bzero(&(my_addr.sin_zero),8);       /*初始化my_addr.sin_zero为0*/

    /*绑定端口*/
    if ( -1 == bind(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&my_addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr)))
    {   /*错误检测*/
        perror("bind");
        exit(1);
    }

    /*监听端口*/
    if ( listen(sockfd, BACKLOG) == -1 )
    {   /*错误检测*/
        perror("listen");
        exit(1);
    }

    while(1)      /*main accept() loop*/
    {
        sin_size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);

        /*接受连接请求,并且建立一个新的Socket描述符*/
        new_fd = accept(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&their_addr,&sin_size);
        if ( -1 == new_fd )
        {
            perror("accept");
            continue;
        }

        printf("server:got connection form-%s",inet_ntoa(their_addr.sin_addr));

        /*子进程代码段*/
        if ( !fork() )
        {
            /*如果是使用的UDP,发送数据使用sendto,接收用recvfrom*/
            if ( -1 == send(new_fd,"Hello,world!",14,0) )
            {
                perror("send");
                close(new_fd);
                exit(0);
            }

            close(new_fd);   /*父进程不再需要该socket,关闭使用shutdown*/
            waitpid(-1,NULL,WNOHANG);  /*等待子进程结束,清除子进程所占用资源*/
        }
    }
}

程序内容:客户端程序
运行环境:hp unix 操作系统上测试通过
编译命令:cc -o client client.c
执行命令:./client IP地址(host)
源代码:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>

#define PORT        3490
#define MAXDATASIZE 100   /*每次最大数据传输量*/

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int sockfd,numbytes;
    char buf[MAXDATASIZE];
    struct hostent *he;
    struct sockaddr_in their_addr;

    if (argc != 2)
    {
       fprintf(stderr,"usage: client  hostname/n");
       exit(1);
    }

    if ( (he = gethostbyname(argv[1])) == NULL )
    {
        perror("gethostbyname");
        exit(1);
    }

    if ( (sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1 )
    {
        perror("socket");
        exit(1);
    }

    their_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    their_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
    their_addr.sin_addr = *((struct in_addr *)he->h_addr);
    bzero(&(their_addr.sin_zero),8);

    /*建立连接*/
    if ( connect( sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&their_addr,
                  sizeof(struct sockaddr) ) == -1 )
    {
        perror("connect");
        exit(1);
    }

    if ( (numbytes = recv(sockfd, buf, MAXDATASIZE, 0)) == -1 )
    {
        perror("recv");
        exit(1);
    }

    buf[numbytes] = '/0';
    printf("Received: %s/n",buf);
    close(sockfd);

    return 0;
}