definition | mutable | common operations | example | |
---|---|---|---|---|
string | ||||
list | 在两个方括号间,以逗号隔开各个元素,其类型可相同,也可不同,与C语言中的数组类似 | 是 | indexed sliced/ slice assignment concatentation append len() | fib = [0,1,1,2,3,5,8] fib[0] = 5 fib[1:2] = [] fib + [13] fib.append(13) len(fib) |
tuple | 在两个小括号间,以逗号隔开各个元素,其类型可相同,也可不同 | 否 | unpack | fib = () fib = (0,) fib = 1,2,3 a,b,c = fib fib + (5,) |
set | 没有重复元素的无序集合,可用大括号或set()函数创建 | 否 | eliminating duplicate entries union difference | fib = {0, 1, 1, 2, 3} //{0,1,2,3} rand = {2,3,4} fib.union(rand) //{0,1,2,3,4} fib.difference(rand) //{0,1} |
dictionary | 在两个大括号之间,以逗号隔开的key:value的无序集合,key不能有重复 | 是 | indexd( by key) del | color = {'apple': 'red', 'banana': 'yellow'} color['apple'] = 'green' del color['apple'] |