SpringBoot:整合SpringCloud

Spring Boot和Spring Cloud

 

Spring Cloud

Spring Cloud是一个分布式的整体解决方案。Spring Cloud 为开发者提供了在分布式系统（配置管理，服务发现，熔断，路由，微代理，控制总线，一次性token，全局琐，leader选举，分布式session，集群状态）中快速构建的工具，使用Spring Cloud的开发者可以快速的启动服务或构建应用、同时能够快速和云平台资源进行对接。

SpringCloud分布式开发五大常用组件

服务发现——Netflix Eureka

客服端负载均衡——Netflix Ribbon

断路器——Netflix Hystrix

服务网关——Netflix Zuul

分布式配置——Spring Cloud Config

 

 

Martin Fowler 微服务原文 https://martinfowler.com/articles/microservices.html 

 

Spring Cloud 入门 1、创建provider 2、创建consumer 3、引入Spring Cloud 4、引入Eureka注册中心 5、引入Ribbon进行客户端负载均衡

 

开发步骤：编写三个模块，eureka，服务提供，服务消费

eureka：开发步骤

1、引入eureka服务依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>

jkd9及以上需要手动添加jaxb依赖，不然会报错无法启动，原因是java9模块化的概念使得JAXB默认没有加载；
手动添加依赖，或者用一下命令都可以实现
java9模块命令方式：

--add-modles java.xml.bind

java9默认未加载模块：

javax.activation 
javax.corba 
javax.transaction 
javax.xml.bind 
javax.xml.ws 
javax.xml.ws.annotation


  <!-- jaxb模块引用 - start -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
        <groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>
        <artifactId>jaxb-impl</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.0</version>
    </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.jaxb</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-runtime</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.activation</groupId>
            <artifactId>activation</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- jaxb模块引用 - end -->

2、配置相关配置

server:
  port: 8761
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: eureka-server  # eureka实例的主机名
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false #不把自己注册到eureka上
    fetch-registry: false #不从eureka上来获取服务的注册信息
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/

3、添加注解@EnableEurekaServer在启动类上,开启eureka服务注册

 

二：开发服务提供

1、引入相关依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

2、添加配置文件

server:
  port: 8001
spring:
  application:
    name: provider-ticket
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true

3、添加相应的服务代码

//service类
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class TicketService {
    public String getTicket(){
        return "<历史的见证：忍者忍龟>";
    }
}

import com.atguigu.providerticket.service.TicketService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class TicketController {

    @Autowired
    TicketService ticketService;

    @GetMapping("ticket")
    public String hello() {
        return ticketService.getTicket();
    }
}

三、开发消费方

1、引入依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

2、编写配置文件

server:
  port: 8002
spring:
  application:
    name: cunsumer-user
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true

 

3、在启动类上添加注解

@EnableDiscoveryClient：开启获取注册信息

同时需要在启动类上或者配置类将RestTemple加入容器

@LoadBalanced   //实现负载均衡
@Bean
public RestTemplate restTemplate () {
    return new RestTemplate();
}

 

4、编写controller，远程调用服务

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@RestController
public class ConsumerController {

    @Autowired
    RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping("buy")
    public String buyTicket(String name) {
//填写的url是服务名称，后面是http的匹配地址
        String s = restTemplate.getForObject("http://provider-ticket/ticket", String.class);
        return name+"购买了电影票："+s;
    }
}