hibernate的入门学习四 · 关系查询

多对一：

一个Product对应一个Category

一个Category对应多个Product

演示步骤：

添加实体类Category ：

public class Category {
    int id;
    String name;
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

准备Category.hbm.xml

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.yc.hibernate.entity">
    <class name="Category" table="category_">
        <id name="id" column="id">
            <generator class="native">
            </generator>
        </id>
        <property name="name" />
        <set name="products" lazy="false">
            <key column="cid" not-null="false" />
            <one-to-many class="Product" />
        </set>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

为Product.java增加Category属性:

public class Product {
    int id;
    String name;
    float price;
    Category category;
    public Category getCategory() {
        return category;
    }
    public void setCategory(Category category) {
        this.category = category;
    }
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public float getPrice() {
        return price;
    }
    public void setPrice(float price) {
        this.price = price;
    }
}

在Product.hbm.xml中设置Category 多对一关系:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.yc.hibernate.entity">
    <class name="Product" table="product_">
        <id name="id" column="id">
            <generator class="native">
            </generator>
        </id>
        <property name="name" />
        <property name="price" />
        <many-to-one name="category" class="Category" column="cid" />
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

在hibernate.cfg.xml中增加Category的映射：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <!-- Database connection settings -->
        <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
        <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useSSL=false&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8</property>
        <property name="connection.username">root</property>
        <property name="connection.password">1234</property>
        <!-- SQL dialect -->
        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
        <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>
        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
        <mapping resource="Product.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="Category.hbm.xml" />
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

mainTest测试多对一：

public class mainTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SessionFactory sf = new Configuration().configure("/entity/hibernate.cfg.xml").buildSessionFactory();
        Session s = sf.openSession();
        s.beginTransaction();

        Category c =new Category();
        c.setName("c1");
        s.save(c);
         
        Product p = (Product) s.get(Product.class, 8);
        p.setCategory(c);
        s.update(p);
        s.getTransaction().commit();
        s.close();
        sf.close();
    }
}

一对多：

为Category增加一个Set集合

    Set<Product> products;
    public Set<Product> getProducts() {
        return products;
    }
    public void setProducts(Set<Product> products) {
        this.products = products;
    }

为Category.hbm.xml增加one-to-many映射

<hibernate-mapping package="com.how2java.pojo">
    <class name="Category" table="category_">
        <id name="id" column="id">
            <generator class="native">
            </generator>
        </id>
        <property name="name" />
 
        <set name="products" lazy="false">
            <key column="cid" not-null="false" />
            <one-to-many class="Product" />
        </set>     
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

<set 用于设置一对多(多对多也是他)关系，也可以用list，设置稍复杂点，这里使用简单的set来入门。
name="products" 对应 Category类中的products属性
lazy="false" 表示不使用延迟加载。关于延迟加载，请参考关系的延迟加载
<key column="cid" not-null="false" /> 表示外键是cid，可以为空
<one-to-many class="Product" /> 表示一对多所对应的类是Product

mainTest测试one-to-many关系：

public class mainTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SessionFactory sf = new Configuration().configure("/entity/hibernate.cfg.xml").buildSessionFactory();

        Session s = sf.openSession();
        s.beginTransaction();
        //首先获取id=4的category,然后通过getProducts() 直接取出其所对应的所有product
        Category c = (Category) s.get(Category.class, 4);
        Set<Product> ps = c.getProducts();
        for (Product p : ps) {
            System.out.println(p.getName());
        }
        s.getTransaction().commit();
        s.close();
        sf.close();
    }
}

 

多对多：

一种Product可以被多个User购买，一个User可以购买多种Product

所以Product和User之间的关系是多对多 many-to-many

要实现多对多关系，必须有一张中间表 user_product 用于维护 User和Product之间的关系
 

添加实体类User:

public class User {
    int id;
    String name;
    Set<Product> products;
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public Set<Product> getProducts() {
        return products;
    }
    public void setProducts(Set<Product> products) {
        this.products = products;
    }
}

User.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.yc.hibernate.entity">
    <class name="User" table="user_">
        <id name="id" column="id">
            <generator class="native">
            </generator>
        </id>
        <property name="name" />
        <set name="products" table="user_product" lazy="false">
            <key column="uid" />
            <many-to-many column="pid" class="Product" />
        </set>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

Product.java中增加了对应Users的集合

Set<User> users;
 
    public Set<User> getUsers() {
        return users;
    }
    public void setUsers(Set<User> users) {
        this.users = users;
    }

Product.hbm.xml增加映射

    <class name="Product" table="product_">
        <id name="id" column="id">
            <generator class="native">
            </generator>
        </id>
        <property name="name" />
        <property name="price" />
        <many-to-one name="category" class="Category" column="cid" />
        <set name="users" table="user_product" lazy="false">
            <key column="pid" />
            <many-to-many column="uid" class="User" />
        </set>
    </class>

在hibernate.cfg.xml中增加User的映射

<mapping resource="User.hbm.xml" />

mainTest 测试many-to-many关系

public class mainTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SessionFactory sf = new Configuration().configure("/entity/hibernate.cfg.xml").buildSessionFactory();

        Session s = sf.openSession();
        s.beginTransaction();


        //增加3个用户
        Set<User> users = new HashSet();
        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
            User u =new User();
            u.setName("user"+i);
            users.add(u);
            s.save(u);
        }

        //产品1被用户1,2,3购买
        Product p1 = (Product) s.get(Product.class, 1);

        p1.setUsers(users);
        s.save(p1);


        s.getTransaction().commit();
        s.close();
        sf.close();
    }
}

 

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