django Form,BoundField, ModelForm Field与Form Field类型映射变换 源码分析

django\forms\forms.py

class DeclarativeFieldsMetaclass(MediaDefiningClass):
    """Collect Fields declared on the base classes."""
    def __new__(mcs, name, bases, attrs):
        # Collect fields from current class and remove them from attrs.
        attrs['declared_fields'] = {
            key: attrs.pop(key) for key, value in list(attrs.items())
            if isinstance(value, Field)
        }

        new_class = super().__new__(mcs, name, bases, attrs)

        # Walk through the MRO.
        declared_fields = {}
        for base in reversed(new_class.__mro__):
            # Collect fields from base class.
            if hasattr(base, 'declared_fields'):
                declared_fields.update(base.declared_fields)

            # Field shadowing.
            for attr, value in base.__dict__.items():
                if value is None and attr in declared_fields:
                    declared_fields.pop(attr)

        new_class.base_fields = declared_fields
        new_class.declared_fields = declared_fields

        return new_class

这个是Form的元类，负责收集子类Form定义的Field，赋值到表单子类的declared_fields上。

class BaseForm:
...
    def __iter__(self):
        for name in self.fields:
            yield self[name]

    def __getitem__(self, name):
        """Return a BoundField with the given name."""
        try:
            field = self.fields[name]
        except KeyError:
            raise KeyError(
                "Key '%s' not found in '%s'. Choices are: %s." % (
                    name,
                    self.__class__.__name__,
                    ', '.join(sorted(self.fields)),
                )
            )
        if name not in self._bound_fields_cache:
            self._bound_fields_cache[name] = field.get_bound_field(self, name)
        return self._bound_fields_cache[name]
     

不管是遍历form还是如果直接使用form访问field名称，得到的是始终是BoundField实例。

django\db\models\fields_init_.py

@total_ordering
class Field(RegisterLookupMixin):
    """Base class for all field types"""
    ...
    def formfield(self, form_class=None, choices_form_class=None, **kwargs):
        """Return a django.forms.Field instance for this field."""
        defaults = {
            'required': not self.blank,
            'label': capfirst(self.verbose_name),
            'help_text': self.help_text,
        }
        if self.has_default():
            if callable(self.default):
                defaults['initial'] = self.default
                defaults['show_hidden_initial'] = True
            else:
                defaults['initial'] = self.get_default()
        if self.choices is not None:
            # Fields with choices get special treatment.
            include_blank = (self.blank or
                             not (self.has_default() or 'initial' in kwargs))
            defaults['choices'] = self.get_choices(include_blank=include_blank)
            defaults['coerce'] = self.to_python
            if self.null:
                defaults['empty_value'] = None
            if choices_form_class is not None:
                form_class = choices_form_class
            else:
                form_class = forms.TypedChoiceField
            # Many of the subclass-specific formfield arguments (min_value,
            # max_value) don't apply for choice fields, so be sure to only pass
            # the values that TypedChoiceField will understand.
            for k in list(kwargs):
                if k not in ('coerce', 'empty_value', 'choices', 'required',
                             'widget', 'label', 'initial', 'help_text',
                             'error_messages', 'show_hidden_initial', 'disabled'):
                    del kwargs[k]
        defaults.update(kwargs)
        if form_class is None:
            form_class = forms.CharField
        return form_class(**defaults)

处理从模型Field到表单Field字段类型映射，子类可以覆写该函数进行定制。