DVWA Brute Force (爆破)
参考文献
相关阅读
Low
1、分析网页源代码
<?php
// 检查是否存在"Login" GET 参数，这通常是提交登录表单后触发的动作
if( isset( $_GET[ 'Login' ] ) ) {
// 获取POST方式提交的用户名
$user = $_GET[ 'username' ]; // 注意：这里应当使用 $_POST 而非 $_GET 来获取表单数据，因为登录通常涉及敏感信息，推荐使用 POST 方法
// 获取POST方式提交的密码，并使用md5函数对其进行哈希加密（注意：MD5已经不再安全，应使用更安全的加密算法如bcrypt）
$pass = $_GET[ 'password' ]; // 同上，此处应改为 $_POST['password']
$pass = md5( $pass ); // 这里假设密码在数据库中是以MD5形式存储的
// 创建SQL查询语句，检查数据库中是否存在匹配的用户名和密码
$query = "SELECT * FROM `users` WHERE user = '$user' AND password = '$pass';";
// 执行SQL查询，连接数据库并处理潜在错误
$result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $query ) or die(
'<pre>' .
((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) :
(($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) .
'</pre>'
);
// 检查查询结果是否成功且只有一条记录匹配（意味着用户名和密码正确）
if( $result && mysqli_num_rows( $result ) == 1 ) {
// 获取匹配用户的详细信息
$row = mysqli_fetch_assoc( $result );
// 提取用户头像URL
$avatar = $row["avatar"];
// 登录成功，构造欢迎消息并显示用户头像
$html .= "<p>Welcome to the password protected area {$user}</p>";
$html .= "<img src=\"{$avatar}\" />"; // 显示用户的头像图片
} else {
// 登录失败，输出错误提示信息
$html .= "<pre><br />Username and/or password incorrect.</pre>";
}
// 关闭数据库连接
((is_null($___mysqli_res = mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]))) ? false : $___mysqli_res);
} // 结束 if(isset($_GET['Login']))
?>
2、使用管理员admin登录，密码尝试123，提示错误
使用Burp Suite抓包，将数据包发给Intruder（测试器），选择Sniper（狙击手）模式，选择password为有效载荷。
单字典(只有一个字典)
1.Sniper：按顺序一个一个参数依次遍历。
2.Battering ram：每个参数同时遍历同一个字典，两个参数的值相同。多字典(有多少参数就有多少字典）
1.Pitchfork：多个参数同时进行遍历，只是一个选字典1，一个选字典2（相当于50m赛跑同时出发，只是赛道不同，互不干扰。爆破次数取决于最短的字典长度）
2.Cluster bomb：有点像两个嵌套的for循环，参数i和参数j，i=0，然后j要从0-10全部跑完，然后i=1，然后j再从0-10跑完，一对多，多次遍历
使用字典进行爆破，字典可以自己制作，也可以网上直接下载，等待片刻爆破完成，使用爆破出的密码就能登录。
Medium
1、分析网页源代码
<?php
if( isset( $_GET[ 'Login' ] ) ) {
// Sanitise username input
$user = $_GET[ 'username' ];
$user = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $user ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
// Sanitise password input
$pass = $_GET[ 'password' ];
$pass = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $pass ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
$pass = md5( $pass );
// Check the database
$query = "SELECT * FROM `users` WHERE user = '$user' AND password = '$pass';";
$result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $query ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' );
if( $result && mysqli_num_rows( $result ) == 1 ) {
// Get users details
$row = mysqli_fetch_assoc( $result );
$avatar = $row["avatar"];
// Login successful
$html .= "<p>Welcome to the password protected area {$user}</p>";
$html .= "<img src=\"{$avatar}\" />";
}
else {
// Login failed
sleep( 2 ); // 当登录验证失败时界面将睡眠 2 秒
$html .= "<pre><br />Username and/or password incorrect.</pre>";
}
((is_null($___mysqli_res = mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]))) ? false : $___mysqli_res);
}
?>
2、密码验证方面，增加验证失败睡眠两秒的限制，这会加大爆破所需要的时间。但只要时间充足，爆破出密码不是问题。
试了一下，果然很慢。
High
1、分析网页源代码
<?php
if( isset( $_GET[ 'Login' ] ) ) {
// Check Anti-CSRF token
checkToken( $_REQUEST[ 'user_token' ], $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' );
// Sanitise username input
$user = $_GET[ 'username' ];
$user = stripslashes( $user );
$user = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $user ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
// Sanitise password input
$pass = $_GET[ 'password' ];
$pass = stripslashes( $pass );
$pass = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $pass ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
$pass = md5( $pass );
// Check database
$query = "SELECT * FROM `users` WHERE user = '$user' AND password = '$pass';";
$result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $query ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' );
if( $result && mysqli_num_rows( $result ) == 1 ) {
// Get users details
$row = mysqli_fetch_assoc( $result );
$avatar = $row["avatar"];
// Login successful
$html .= "<p>Welcome to the password protected area {$user}</p>";
$html .= "<img src=\"{$avatar}\" />";
}
else {
// Login failed
sleep( rand( 0, 3 ) );
$html .= "<pre><br />Username and/or password incorrect.</pre>";
}
((is_null($___mysqli_res = mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]))) ? false : $___mysqli_res);
}
// Generate Anti-CSRF token
generateSessionToken();
?>
2、进入Position模块，选择Attack type为Pitchfork模式，选择password和user_token为爆破对象
进入Resource Pool模块，
进入Options模块，找到Grep - Extract选项卡，添加一个正则表达式匹配返回的user_token
点击Refetch response，从response中找到user_token并选中
载入字典
第二个参数"token"选择从返回包匹配，填入当前token
爆破成功，登录成功
Impossible
<?php
if( isset( $_POST[ 'Login' ] ) ) {
// Check Anti-CSRF token
checkToken( $_REQUEST[ 'user_token' ], $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' );
// Sanitise username input
$user = $_POST[ 'username' ];
$user = stripslashes( $user );
$user = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $user ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
// Sanitise password input
$pass = $_POST[ 'password' ];
$pass = stripslashes( $pass );
$pass = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $pass ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
$pass = md5( $pass );
// Default values
$total_failed_login = 3;
$lockout_time = 15;
$account_locked = false;
// Check the database (Check user information)
$data = $db->prepare( 'SELECT failed_login, last_login FROM users WHERE user = (:user) LIMIT 1;' );
$data->bindParam( ':user', $user, PDO::PARAM_STR );
$data->execute();
$row = $data->fetch();
// Check to see if the user has been locked out.
if( ( $data->rowCount() == 1 ) && ( $row[ 'failed_login' ] >= $total_failed_login ) ) {
// User locked out. Note, using this method would allow for user enumeration!
//$html .= "<pre><br />This account has been locked due to too many incorrect logins.</pre>";
// Calculate when the user would be allowed to login again
$last_login = $row[ 'last_login' ];
$last_login = strtotime( $last_login );
$timeout = strtotime( "{$last_login} +{$lockout_time} minutes" );
$timenow = strtotime( "now" );
// Check to see if enough time has passed, if it hasn't locked the account
if( $timenow > $timeout )
$account_locked = true;
}
// Check the database (if username matches the password)
$data = $db->prepare( 'SELECT * FROM users WHERE user = (:user) AND password = (:password) LIMIT 1;' );
$data->bindParam( ':user', $user, PDO::PARAM_STR);
$data->bindParam( ':password', $pass, PDO::PARAM_STR );
$data->execute();
$row = $data->fetch();
// If its a valid login...
if( ( $data->rowCount() == 1 ) && ( $account_locked == false ) ) {
// Get users details
$avatar = $row[ 'avatar' ];
$failed_login = $row[ 'failed_login' ];
$last_login = $row[ 'last_login' ];
// Login successful
$html .= "<p>Welcome to the password protected area <em>{$user}</em></p>";
$html .= "<img src=\"{$avatar}\" />";
// Had the account been locked out since last login?
if( $failed_login >= $total_failed_login ) {
$html .= "<p><em>Warning</em>: Someone might of been brute forcing your account.</p>";
$html .= "<p>Number of login attempts: <em>{$failed_login}</em>.<br />Last login attempt was at: <em>${last_login}</em>.</p>";
}
// Reset bad login count
$data = $db->prepare( 'UPDATE users SET failed_login = "0" WHERE user = (:user) LIMIT 1;' );
$data->bindParam( ':user', $user, PDO::PARAM_STR );
$data->execute();
}
else {
// Login failed
sleep( rand( 2, 4 ) );
// Give the user some feedback
$html .= "<pre><br />Username and/or password incorrect.<br /><br/>Alternative, the account has been locked because of too many failed logins.<br />If this is the case, <em>please try again in {$lockout_time} minutes</em>.</pre>";
// Update bad login count
$data = $db->prepare( 'UPDATE users SET failed_login = (failed_login + 1) WHERE user = (:user) LIMIT 1;' );
$data->bindParam( ':user', $user, PDO::PARAM_STR );
$data->execute();
}
// Set the last login time
$data = $db->prepare( 'UPDATE users SET last_login = now() WHERE user = (:user) LIMIT 1;' );
$data->bindParam( ':user', $user, PDO::PARAM_STR );
$data->execute();
}
// Generate Anti-CSRF token
generateSessionToken();
?>
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