因为好多年没做web开发,所以也一直木有关注JEE新版本的特性了。虽然老早听说Servet3.0可以异步化了,但是一直米有写过例子来跑过。最近思考异步化问题偏向于jvm层面如何保存执行中的栈和恢复栈,对异步化整体缺乏整理的考虑。
现在想来,天天面对的系统主要是接受请求,处理,发起一堆远程调用,接受远程调用结果,处理,构造响应结果,输出,没有太多深层次的业务处理。细化下去就要考虑接受请求、发起远程调用、接受调用结果、构造响应结果这块了。先从接受请求这块开始,就先了解下Servlet的异步化吧。
昨天查了下Servlet3.0的资料,写了个例子,惊奇的发现,竟然不用配置web.xml。虽然从原理上考虑,Annotation这种方式完全可以完成web.xml要实现的功能,但是现在真是这样的时候,还是有点小惊讶的,当然这只是跟记忆中web应用结构的对比后产生的,而不是对其新的实现方式产生的---Spring也有强大的Annotation呢,虽然我的记忆还停留在当年配置文件上......
另外,之前大多用myEclipse开发web应用,所以一时间都不知道怎么写了。。。不能自动发布,没有jee包的导入....淡定中,自己写ant文件拷贝,拷贝到tomcat目录下的时候,拷成webapp的接口即可,jee包从tomcat下边拷!
从tomcat的lib目录下拷servlet-api.jar
写build.xml文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312"?> <!DOCTYPE project> <project name="async" default="autoCopy" basedir="."> <property name="targetDir" value="J:\java_tools\apache-tomcat-7.0.28\webapps\async"/> <property name="autoCompileClassDir" value="bin"/> <property name="webappDir" value="web"/> <target name="autoCopy" depends="copyClass,copyWeb"> </target> <target name="copyClass"> <echo message="=====Copying Class Files====="/> <copy todir="${targetDir}/WEB-INF/classes"> <fileset dir="${autoCompileClassDir}"> <include name="**/*.class"></include> </fileset> </copy> </target> <target name="copyWeb"> <echo message="=====Copying Web Files====="/> <copy todir="${targetDir}"> <fileset dir="${webappDir}"> <include name="**/*.xml"></include> <include name="**/*.properties"></include> <include name="**/*.jsp"></include> <include name="**/*.html"></include> </fileset> </copy> </target> </project>
拷到我tomcat/webapps目录下了。
Servlet定义:
package com.tmall.buy.web;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.AsyncContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebInitParam;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
@WebServlet(asyncSupported = true, name = "asyncServlet", urlPatterns = { "/asyncServlet" }, initParams = {
@WebInitParam(name = "hello", value = "world"),
@WebInitParam(name = "gun", value = "dan") })
public class AsyncServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 133332222222L;
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doAsync(req, resp);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doAsync(req, resp);
}
private void doAsync(HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException{
resp.setContentType("text/html");
System.out.println("req.isAsyncSupported = " + req.isAsyncSupported());
final AsyncContext ctx = req.startAsync();
new Thread(new Runnable(){
@Override
public void run() {
PrintWriter out = null;
try {
out = ctx.getResponse().getWriter();
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println("Async Thread~~");
out.write("<br>Async Write ~~~<br>");
out.flush();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
ctx.complete();
}
}
}).start();
}
}
详细参考这里
另外蛋疼写了个Filter:
package com.tmall.buy.web.filter;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
@WebFilter(asyncSupported = true, filterName = "commonFilter", urlPatterns = { "*" })
public class CommonFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest arg0, ServletResponse arg1,
FilterChain arg2) throws IOException, ServletException {
System.out.println(arg0.getServerName());
arg2.doFilter(arg0, arg1);
}
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
}
}
然后,没了,整个应用就这么多东西了。
只是刚开始Filter的syncSupported属性没设置,于是乎异步就出错了,页面的异常堆栈:
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Not supported.
org.apache.catalina.connector.Request.startAsync(Request.java:1664)
org.apache.catalina.connector.Request.startAsync(Request.java:1657)
org.apache.catalina.connector.RequestFacade.startAsync(RequestFacade.java:1023)
com.tmall.buy.web.AsyncServlet.doAsync(AsyncServlet.java:35)
com.tmall.buy.web.AsyncServlet.doGet(AsyncServlet.java:23)
javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:621)
javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:722)
com.tmall.buy.web.filter.CommonFilter.doFilter(CommonFilter.java:25)
在Filter的@WebFilter标注上加了asyncSupported=true之后,就ok了