Java的AJAX请求中文编码方法-CSDN博客

这里的方案是页面(page)是基于GBK(gb2312) 的编码格式

AJAX的中文情况,默认情况下,tomcat和weblogic的get和post请求的编码方案都不一样,不过前提都是要设置request.setCharactorEncoding("UTF-8")如下面代码中,get方案是很烦琐的那种将得到的参数重新编码来实现的|new String(request.getParameter("para name").getBytes("encoding name"))|而post方案是比较简单而方便的,也提倡使用这种方式,因为可以基于filter来管理编码
tomcat可以通过设置在server.xml里的Connector元素下设置URIencoding="gbk"参数来让get使用post的方案(即get和post都使用request.setCharactorEncoding("UTF-8"),request.getParameter("para name") )具体设置参考http://www.iteye.com/topic/131542,不过在weblogic下无解(我个人还没发现如何实现),weblogic好像在解析get参数后自己又用什么编码格式包装过......其实AJAX get根本没有普通请求get请求作为标签的作用,我们完全可以不使用get,而只使用post

测试用的jsp和servlet在下面,丢到一个项目里,在web.xml里配置servlet后运行可以看到效果,servlet的url-pattern是这个<url-pattern>/GetAndPostExample</url-pattern>

getAndPostExample.jsp
[code]
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.Date" contentType="text/html; charset=gbk"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>发送带参数的信息到服务器，以及get,post的区别</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
var xmlHttp;
function show()
{
document.getElementById("show").value=document.getElementById("firstName").value;
}
function createXMLHttpRequest()
{
if (window.ActiveXObject)
xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
else if (window.XMLHttpRequest)
xmlHttp = new XMLhttpRequest();
}

function createQueryString()
{
var firstName = document.getElementById("firstName").value;
var secondName = document.getElementById("secondName").value;
var birthday = document.getElementById("birthday").value;

var queryString = "firstName="+firstName+"&secondName="+secondName
+"&birthday="+birthday;
return queryString;
}

function doRequestUsingGET()
{
createXMLHttpRequest();
show();
var queryString = "GetAndPostExample?";
queryString = queryString + createQueryString()
+ "&timeStamep=" + new Date().getTime();
xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = handleStateChange;
xmlHttp.open("GET",queryString,true);
xmlHttp.setRequestHeader("RequestType","ajax");
xmlHttp.send(null);
//alert(queryString);
}

function doRequestUsingPOST()
{
createXMLHttpRequest();
show();
var url = "GetAndPostExample"
var queryString = createQueryString()+ "&timeStamp="+ new Date().getTime();
xmlHttp.open("POST",url,true);
xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = handleStateChange;
xmlHttp.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded;");
//设置报头,说明此请求是ajax请求
xmlHttp.setRequestHeader("RequestType","ajax");
xmlHttp.send(queryString);
}

function handleStateChange()
{
if (xmlHttp.readyState == 4)
{
if (xmlHttp.status == 200)
parseResults();
}
}

function parseResults()
{
var responseDiv = document.getElementById("serverResponse");
if (responseDiv.hasChildNodes())
{
responseDiv.removeChild(responseDiv.childNodes[0]);
}
var responseText = document.createTextNode(xmlHttp.responseText);
responseDiv.appendChild(responseText);
}

</script>
</head>
<body>
<h1>输入你的姓，名，生日日期</h1>
<br>

<table>
<tr>
<td>
姓：
</td>
<td>
<input type="text" name="firstName" id="firstName" value="羽飞">
</td>
</tr>
<td>
名：
</td>
<td>
<input type="text" name="secondName" id="secondName" value="翼">
</td>
<tr>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
生日：
</td>
<td>
<input type="text" name="birthday" id="birthday" value="五月">
</td>
<td>
<input type="text" name="show" id="show">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<form action="#">
<input type="button" value="使用GET提交" οnclick="doRequestUsingGET();">
<br>
<input type="button" value="使用POST提交" οnclick="doRequestUsingPOST();">
</form>
<br>
<br>
<h2>服务器返回信息：</h2>
<div id="serverResponse">
</div>
</body>
</html>
[/code]

GetAndPostExample.java
[code]
package yufei;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;

public class GetAndPostExample extends HttpServlet
{
protected void processRequest(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, String method1)
throws ServletException,IOException
{
//设置文本类型(content type)
response.setContentType("text/xml");
//设置文本类型的编码格式
response.setCharacterEncoding("GBK");
response.setHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache");

String firstName =null;
String secondName = null;
String birthday = null;
//无论是get还是post,都要使用下面这句
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
if (method1.equals("GET"))
{
firstName = new String(request.getParameter("firstName").getBytes("ISO8859-1"));
secondName = new String(request.getParameter("secondName").getBytes("ISO8859-1"));
birthday = new String(request.getParameter("birthday").getBytes("ISO8859-1"));
}
else if (method1.equals("POST"))
{ firstName = request.getParameter("firstName");
secondName = request.getParameter("secondName");
birthday = request.getParameter("birthday");
}
String responseText = "Hello " + firstName + " " + secondName
+ " 你的生日是 " + birthday + " " + "(method: " + method1 + ")";
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.println(responseText);

out.close();
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException,IOException
{
processRequest(request,response,"GET");
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException,IOException
{
processRequest(request,response,"POST");
}
}
[/code]

-
-

当我们的ajax请求只使用post(tomcat下可以实现get和post同样方案)请求时,我们可以使用过滤器来实现其编码设置,就可以把servlet中的request.setCharactorEncoding提出来,去掉servlet里的request.setCharactorEncoding("encoding name"),加入下面的过滤器
根据fins大大的指导,将过滤器重写为可以区分普通请求和ajax请求的样式了(ajax请求中设置了header)

SetCharacterEncodingFilter.java
[code]
package yufei;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

public class CharactorEncodingFilter implements Filter
{
public CharactorEncodingFilter()
{
super();
}
private FilterConfig filterConfig;
private String ajaxEncoding = "UTF-8";
private String commonEncoding;
protected boolean ignore = true;
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException
{
this.filterConfig = filterConfig;
commonEncoding = filterConfig.getInitParameter("CommonRequestEncoding");
String value = filterConfig.getInitParameter("ignore");
if (value == null)
this.ignore = true;
else if (value.equalsIgnoreCase("true"))
this.ignore = true;
else if (value.equalsIgnoreCase("yes"))
this.ignore = true;
else
this.ignore = false;
}

public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res,
FilterChain filterChain)

{
try
{
HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req;
if (ignore || (request.getCharacterEncoding() == null))
{
if (request.getHeader("RequestType") != null
&& request.getHeader("RequestType")
.equalsIgnoreCase("ajax"))
{
request.setCharacterEncoding(ajaxEncoding);
}
else if (commonEncoding != null)
{
request.setCharacterEncoding(commonEncoding);
}
else
{
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
}
}
filterChain.doFilter(req, res);
}
catch (IOException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch (ServletException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void destroy()
{
this.commonEncoding = null;
this.filterConfig = null;
}
}
[/code]

web.xml加入如下过滤器配置
[code]
<filter>
<filter-name>CharactorEncoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class>

<init-param>
<param-name>CommonRequestEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>GBK</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharactorEncoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
[/code]