python连接MongoDB，以及常用操作

python连接MongoDB

MongoDB: 多用于文档数据库存非结构化数据，NoSQL非关系型数据库。

python连接mongo

config

MONGODB:
    USER: $MONGODB_USER
    PASSWORD: $MONGODB_PW
    HOST: host
    PORT: 27017
    QUERY_STRING: 'replicaSet=rs0&readPreference=secondaryPreferred&retryWrites=false'
    SUFFIX: 'Dev'

MongoClient

from pymongo import MongoClient

try:
    # Python 3.x
    from urllib.parse import quote_plus
except ImportError:
    # Python 2.x
    from urllib import quote_plus

mongo_uri = "mongodb://{USER}:{PASSWORD}@{HOST}:{PORT}/xxx?{QUERY_STRING}".format(
    USER=quote_plus(mongo_conf['USER']),
    PASSWORD=quote_plus(mongo_conf['PASSWORD']),
    HOST=mongo_conf['HOST'],
    PORT=mongo_conf['PORT'],
    QUERY_STRING=quote_plus(mongo_conf['QUERY_STRING'])
)

def auth_user(client: MongoClient):
    # 先连接系统默认数据库admin
    db = client.admin
    db.authenticate(mongo_conf['USER'], mongo_conf['PASSWORD'], mechanism='SCRAM-SHA-1')


# 获取client
client = MongoClient(mongo_uri, ssl=True, ssl_ca_certs='rds-combined-ca-bundle.pem')

# get db
MongoTest = client['HistoryWebTool' + mongo_conf['SUFFIX']]

常用操作

from pymongo.collection import Collection

mongo_collection: Collection = MongoTest.表名

# upsert 存在则更新，不存在则insert
filter_dict = {"object_id": object_id}
update_dict = {"$set": {"data": data,
                        "success": success,
                        "create_date": get_current_time_utc()}}
mongo_collection.update_one(filter_dict, update_dict, upsert=True)

# 查
doc = mongo_collection.find_one({"$query": {'file_id': object_id},
                           		"$orderby": {"create_date": -1}})

# 存在的不动， 不存在的插入
start_time_filter_dict = {"object_id": object_id}
    start_time_update_dict = {
        "$setOnInsert": {"create_date": get_current_time_utc(),
                         "user_id": user_id}
    }
mongo_collection.update_one(start_time_filter_dict, start_time_update_dict, upsert=True)

索引

mongo_collection.create_index(
    [("file_id", pymongo.DESCENDING)], background=True
)

更做操作，详见 https://www.runoob.com/mongodb/mongodb-tutorial.html