本文,主要介绍Spring 和 hibernate怎么去整合,废话就不多说了,如果不知道spring 和hibernate 是干嘛的,还请去问问度娘哈。下面开始一步一步搭建:
工具: Idea
一、先搭建Spring
1.新建一个maven项目:至于填写项目名称什么的就不一一介绍了
这里我的idea没有自动生成test文件夹,需要大家自己建一下,之后的项目目录如下图所示:
2.下面我贴出项目的Pom文件:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>shop</groupId>
<artifactId>shop</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>shop Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<!--版本控制-->
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
<hibernate.version>4.3.8.Final</hibernate.version>
<struts2.version>2.3.20</struts2.version>
<junit.version>3.8.1</junit.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!--单元测试配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--sping 配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--持久化配置 hibernate-->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.hibernate/hibernate-core -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>5.0.8.Final</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-orm -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--mysql 数据库配置-->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.38</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/c3p0/c3p0 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-c3p0</artifactId>
<version>4.3.5.Final</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.aspectj/aspectjweaver -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.8.9</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>shop</finalName>
</build>
</project>
3、在resources里添加bean文件,IocTest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="Date" class="java.util.Date"></bean>
</beans>
4.新建IocTest测试类,如:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations= "classpath:IocTest.xml") //通过注解的方式进行bean注入
public class IocTest {
///在这遇到个纠结很长时间的问题,才突然明白 spring context
// 容器是提前把bean管理的对象实例化在容器了。因此在使用的时候是不需要再实例化的,直接使用即可
@Resource
private Date date;//通过bean注入的对象是不需要实例化得
private Date date1;//直接使用Date对象进行使用,需要进行实例化的
@Test
public void TestIco()
{
System.out.println(date); //bean注入对象的输出
System.out.println(date1);
date1=new Date();
System.out.println(date1);
System.out.println(date1);
}
}
输出结果如下:
Sat Jul 16 16:38:26 CST 2016
null
Sat Jul 16 16:38:26 CST 2016
Sat Jul 16 16:38:26 CST 2016
看到结果想必大家也明白了Spring容器的作用了
到这里Spring已经测试ok了
二、Spring 整合 hibernate,这里想说的是:spring是通过管理hibernate里的LocalSessionFactoryBean对象进行hibernate的Session管理的
上边的Pom.xml文件已经加入了hibernate了,这里就不单独介绍了
1.使用Persistence 进行生成hibernate实体模型以及实体模型配置文件
配置完Persitence后,配置DataBase
现在就可以进行生成实体模型和配置文件了:
这样就生成了模型和配置文件,如下图:
这里为了资源文件统一管理,我把UserEntity.hbm.xml放到resources里了
3.首先新建bean文件,SpringContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
<!-- 自动扫描与装配bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.fei.shop"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 导入外部的properties文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
<!-- 配置SessionFactory -->
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 指定hibernate的配置文件位置 -->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property>
<!-- 配置c3p0数据库连接池 -->
<property name="dataSource">
<bean class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<!-- 数据连接信息 -->
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbcUrl}"></property>
<property name="driverClass" value="${driverClass}"></property>
<property name="user" value="${userName}"></property>
<propert name="password" value="${password}"></property>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置声明式事务管理(采用注解的方式) -->
<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/>
</beans>
4.新建jdbc.properties数据库配置文件
jdbcUrl = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shop?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
driverClass = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
userName = root
password =root
5.新建TestDao层
package com.fei.shop.Dao;
import com.fei.shop.Model.UserEntity;
/**
* Created by jing on 16/7/16.
*/
public interface TestDao {
public void save(UserEntity userEntity);
}
6.新建TestDaoIml层
package com.fei.shop.Dao;
import com.fei.shop.Model.UserEntity;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
/**
* Created by jing on 16/7/16.
*
*/
@Service //一定要加Service注解,要不然启动会报错,找不到spring可管理的对象
@Transactional //事务也必须配置,否则启动会报找不到事务的错误
public class TestDaoImpl implements TestDao {
@Autowired //bean对象装载注解注入
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
//获取和当前线程绑定的Seesion
private Session getSession()
{
return sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
}
public void save(UserEntity userEntity) {
getSession().save(userEntity);
}
}
7、Service层
package com.fei.shop.Service;
import com.fei.shop.Model.UserEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
* Created by jing on 16/7/11.
*/
public interface TestService {
public void save(UserEntity userEntity); //用来测试Hibernate环境
}
ServiceImpl
package com.fei.shop.Service;
import com.fei.shop.Dao.TestDao;
import com.fei.shop.Model.UserEntity;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
/**
* Created by jing on 16/7/11.
*
*
*
*
* */
@Service
public class TestImpl implements TestService {
@Autowired
private TestDao testDao;
public void save(UserEntity userEntity) {
testDao.save(userEntity);
}
}
测试类:
package com.fei.shop.Action;
import com.fei.shop.Model.UserEntity;
import com.fei.shop.Service.TestImpl;
import com.fei.shop.Service.TestService;
import jdk.nashorn.internal.ir.annotations.Reference;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
/**
* Created by jing on 16/7/11.
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations= "classpath:SpringContext.xml")
public class Test {
@Autowired
private TestService testService;
@org.junit.Test
public void TestOrm()
{
UserEntity model=new UserEntity();
model.setName("测试122");
model.setSex(1);
testService.save(model);
}
}
到这就ok了,可以运行项目看数据是否保存成功了
注:在保存的时候一直遇到中文乱码的问题,数据库连接加了characterEncoding=utf-8也不管用,后来是发现,Mysql数据库在安装的时候默认的数据库编码方式导致的,如何修改数据库编码方式见:Mac 修改MYSQL 的默认编码格式 解决中文插入MySql里乱码
本人是一名.net开发,在自学java,有不对的地方大家尽情吐槽和指正哈