文章目录
一、Session介绍
Session即会话,是Web开发中的一种会话状态跟踪技术。前面所述的Cookie也是一种会话跟踪技术。不同的是Cookie是将会话信息保存到了客户端,而Session则是将会话状态保存在了服务器端。
会话:当用户打开浏览器,从发发出第一个请求开始,一直到最终关闭浏览器,就表示一次会话的完成。
Session并不是JavaWeb开发所特有的,而是整个Web开发中所使用的技术。在JavaWeb开发中,Session是以javax.servlet.http.HttpSession的接口对象的形式出现的。
####1、用户在初始化页面输入一个值,单击“提交按钮”,会进入第一个Servlet;第一个Servlet将输入的值分别保存到request和Session中;在第二个Servlet中从request和Session对象中提取信息并显示。
(1)编写session.html页面,代码如下:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<center>
<form method = "get" action = "s1">
<table>
<tr>
<td>输入数据:<input type = "text" name = "count"></td>
</tr>
</table>
<center><input type = "submit" value = "提交"></center>
</form>
</center>
</body>
</html>
(2)编写FirstServelt.java页面,代码如下:
package session;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
/**
* Servlet implementation class FirstServlet
*/
@WebServlet("/FirstServlet")
public class FirstServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
*/
public FirstServlet() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
request.setCharacterEncoding("GBK");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=GBK");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
String str = request.getParameter("count");
request.setAttribute("request_param", str);
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
session.setAttribute("session_param",str);
out.println("<a href = 's2'>下一页</a>");
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}
(3)编写SecondServlet.java,代码如下:
package session;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
/**
* Servlet implementation class SecondServlet
*/
@WebServlet("/SecondServlet")
public class SecondServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
*/
public SecondServlet() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Object obj = request.getAttribute("request_param");
String request_param = null;
if(obj != null) {
request_param = obj.toString();
} else {
request_param = "null";
}
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
Object obj2 = session.getAttribute("session_param");
String session_param = null;
if(obj2 != null) {
session_param = obj2.toString();
} else {
session_param = "null";
}
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=GBK");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.println("<html>");
out.println("<body>");
out.println("<h2>请求对象中的参数是:" + request_param + "</h2>");
out.println("<h2>Session对象中的参数是:"+session_param+"</h2></body></html>");
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}
(4)web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
<display-name>Learning-JavaWeb</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>firstServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>session.FirstServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>firstServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/s1</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>secondServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>session.SecondServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>secondServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/s2</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>