一、列表
格式:变量=[,,,]
案例:
a=[1,3,5,2,7,3]
namesList=["xiaoWang",123,12.5,"金木水火土",12.5,122]
二、列表的相关操作
1、列表的新增(append, extend, insert )
1)append
说明:通过append可以向列表(尾部)添加元素
案例1:列表和字符串
names1 = ['xiaoWang','xiaoZhang','xiaoHua']
names2 = [23,34,45]
name='jack'
names1.append(name)
print(names1)
结果:
案例2:列表和列表
names1 = ['xiaoWang','xiaoZhang','xiaoHua']
names2 = [23,34,45]
name='jack'
names1.append(names2)
print(names1)
结果:
说明:通过extend可以将另一个集合中的元素逐一添加到列表中
案例1:列表和字符串
names1 = ['xiaoWang','xiaoZhang','xiaoHua'] names2 = [23,34,45] name='jack' names1.extend(name) print(names1)
结果:
案例2:列表和列表
names1 = ['xiaoWang','xiaoZhang','xiaoHua'] names2 = [23,34,45] name='jack' names1.extend(names2) print(names1)
结果:
names1 = ['xiaoWang','xiaoZhang','xiaoHua'] # names2 = [23,34,45] name='jack' names1.insert(1,name) print(names1)
结果:
案例2:新增的索引不存在(默认添加到最后)
names1 = ['xiaoWang','xiaoZhang','xiaoHua'] # names2 = [23,34,45] name='jack' names1.insert(11,name) print(names1)
结果:
2、列表的修改(索引修改)
说明:修改元素的时候,要通过下标来确定要修改的是哪个元素,然后才能进行修改
案例1:索引存在时修改
names1 = ['xiaoWang','xiaoZhang','xiaoHua'] names1[0]="xiaoli" print(names1)
结果:
names1 = ['xiaoWang','xiaoZhang','xiaoHua'] names1[10]="xiaoli" print(names1)
结果:
3、列表的删除
names1 = ['xiaoWang','xiaoZhang','xiaoHua'] del names1[0] print(names1)
结果:
案例2:pop(默认删除最后一个)
names1 = ['xiaoWang','xiaoZhang','xiaoHua'] names1.pop() print(names1)
结果:
案例3:remove
names1 = ['xiaoWang','xiaoZhang','xiaoHua'] names1.remove("xiaoWang") print(names1)
结果:
4、查找:index, count
1)index
说明:index查询列表中的元素,如果存在就返回给元素的索引,不存在就报错
案例1:元素存在
names1 = ['xiaoWang','xiaoZhang','xiaoHua'] print(names1.index("xiaoZhang"))
结果:
案例2:元素不存在
names1 = ['xiaoWang','xiaoZhang','xiaoHua'] print(names1.index("xiaoZhang1"))
结果:
2)count
说明:count查询列表中的元素的个数
案例:
names1 = ['xiaoWang','xiaoZhang','xiaoHua'] print(names1.count("xiaoZhang"))
结果:
index和count与字符串中的用法相同
3)in(存在),如果存在那么结果为true,否则为false not in(不存在),如果不存在那么结果为true,否则false
案例:
names1 = ['xiaoWang','xiaoZhang','xiaoHua'] a=input("请输入姓名:") if a in names1: print("存在") else: print("不存在")
结果:
5、列表的排序
sort
说明:sort方法是将list按特定顺序重新排列,默认为由小到大,参数reverse=True可改为倒序,由大到小。
案例:
nums=[34,22,15,68,89,43] nums.sort() print(nums)
结果:
nums=[34,22,15,68,89,43] nums.reverse() print(nums)
结果:
6、循环取值
案例1:for
namesList = ['xiaoWang', 'xiaoZhang', 'xiaoHua'] for name in namesList: print(name)
结果:
案例2:while
namesList = ['xiaoWang', 'xiaoZhang', 'xiaoHua'] length = len(namesList) i = 0 while i < length: print(namesList[i]) i += 1
结果:
7、列表的嵌套
说明:类似while循环的嵌套,列表也是支持嵌套的
格式:变量名=[,[,]]
案例:
names = ['xiaoWang','xiaoZhang','xiaoHua',["xiaomi","xiaolan"]] print(names[3][1])
结果: