mongodb4 副本搭建教程

这篇文章主要给大家介绍了关于mongodb 4.0副本集搭建的全过程，文中经过示例代码介绍的十分具体，对大家学习或者运用mongodb 4.0具有一定的参考学习价值，需要的朋友们下面来一起学习学习吧

前语

近期有同学问mongodb副本集难不难布置，我的回答是不难，很快，几分钟搞定，比mysql MHA简单的不止一点半点。 那么究竟怎么布置呢？请看下文。

准备工作
1.1 下载软件
​
选择版别并下载mongodb的软件，留意操作系统版别等。本次我选用的是percona分支的mongodb 4.2.8版别搭建，操作系统为centos6

cd /usr/local/
wget https://www.percona.com/downloads/percona-server-mongodb-LATEST/percona-server-mongodb-4.2.8-8/binary/tarball/percona-server-mongodb-4.2.8-8-centos6-x86_64.tar.gz
tar -zxvf percona-server-mongodb-4.2.8-8-centos6-x86_64.tar.gz
ln -s percona-server-mongodb-4.2.8-8 mongodb

1.2 规划各节点角色

各节点角色如下

IP　port　role

192.168.128.20827017PRIMARY

192.168.128.20927017SECONDARY

192.168.128.20928017ARBITER

2 布置

2.1 创立各节点相关目录

创立数据目录、日志目录等相关目录

[root@m1 ~]# mkdir -p /data/mongodb/27017/{data,logs,tmp,etc,keyfile}
[root@m1 ~]# cd /data/mongodb/27017/
[root@m1 27017]# ll
总用量 20
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 8月 7 16:59 data
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 8月 7 16:59 etc
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 8月 7 16:59 keyfile
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 8月 7 16:59 logs
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 8月 7 16:59 tmp

2.2 配置文件

创立配置文件，并增加对应的配置信息，留意仲裁节点的端口

[root@m1 27017]# cd /data/mongodb/27017/etc/
[root@m1 etc]# vim mongod.conf
增加如下内容

storage:
dbPath: /data/mongodb/27017/data
journal:
enabled: true
systemLog:
destination: file
logAppend: true
path: /data/mongodb/27017/logs/mongod.log
processManagement:
fork: true
pidFilePath: /data/mongodb/27017/tmp/mongod.pid
net:
port: 27017
bindIp: 0.0.0.0replication: replSetName: “test1” # 副本集称号

2.3 启动各节点

以其中一个节点为例，其他节点修正对应配置文件即可

[root@m1 local]# /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /data/mongodb/27017/etc/mongod.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 30019
child process started successfully, parent exiting

2.4 初始化副本集

初始化副本集，指定各节点id及角色，留意副本集的称号和配置文件里共同。

在任意节点履行如下句子

use admin
switched to db admin
rs.initiate( {
… _id: “test1”,
… members: [
… { _id: 0, host: “192.168.128.208:27017” },
… { _id: 1, host: “192.168.128.209:27017” },
… { _id: 2, host: “192.168.128.209:28017”,arbiterOnly:true }
… ] })
{
“ok” : 1,
“$clusterTime” : {
“clusterTime” : Timestamp(1596792682, 1),
“signature” : {
“hash” : BinData(0,“AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA=”),
“keyId” : NumberLong(0)
}
},
“operationTime” : Timestamp(1596792682, 1)
}

完成后可以查看各集群状态,如下，可见当前192.168.128.208:27017 为PRIMARY节点

test1:PRIMARY> rs.status()
{
“set” : “test1”,
“date” : ISODate(“2020-08-07T11:09:24.454Z”),
“myState” : 1,
“term” : NumberLong(1),
“syncingTo” : “”,
“syncSourceHost” : “”,
“syncSourceId” : -1,
“heartbeatIntervalMillis” : NumberLong(2000),
“majorityVoteCount” : 2,
“writeMajorityCount” : 2,
“optimes” : {
“lastCommittedOpTime” : {
“ts” : Timestamp(1596798563, 1),
“t” : NumberLong(1)
},
“lastCommittedWallTime” : ISODate(“2020-08-07T11:09:23.663Z”),
“readConcernMajorityOpTime” : {
“ts” : Timestamp(1596798563, 1),
“t” : NumberLong(1)
},
“readConcernMajorityWallTime” : ISODate(“2020-08-07T11:09:23.663Z”),
“appliedOpTime” : {
“ts” : Timestamp(1596798563, 1),
“t” : NumberLong(1)
},
“durableOpTime” : {
“ts” : Timestamp(1596798563, 1),
“t” : NumberLong(1)
},
“lastAppliedWallTime” : ISODate(“2020-08-07T11:09:23.663Z”),
“lastDurableWallTime” : ISODate(“2020-08-07T11:09:23.663Z”)
},
“lastStableRecoveryTimestamp” : Timestamp(1596798513, 1),
“lastStableCheckpointTimestamp” : Timestamp(1596798513, 1),
“electionCandidateMetrics” : {
“lastElectionReason” : “electionTimeout”,
“lastElectionDate” : ISODate(“2020-08-07T09:31:33.409Z”),
“electionTerm” : NumberLong(1),
“lastCommittedOpTimeAtElection” : {
“ts” : Timestamp(0, 0),
“t” : NumberLong(-1)
},
“lastSeenOpTimeAtElection” : {
“ts” : Timestamp(1596792682, 1),
“t” : NumberLong(-1)
},
“numVotesNeeded” : 2,
“priorityAtElection” : 1,
“electionTimeoutMillis” : NumberLong(10000),
“numCatchUpOps” : NumberLong(0),
“newTermStartDate” : ISODate(“2020-08-07T09:31:33.444Z”),
“wMajorityWriteAvailabilityDate” : ISODate(“2020-08-07T09:31:34.050Z”)
},
“members” : [
{
“_id” : 0,
“name” : “192.168.128.208:27017”,
“health” : 1,
“state” : 1,
“stateStr” : “PRIMARY”,
“uptime” : 5950,
“optime” : {
“ts” : Timestamp(1596798563, 1),
“t” : NumberLong(1)
},
“optimeDate” : ISODate(“2020-08-07T11:09:23Z”),
“syncingTo” : “”,
“syncSourceHost” : “”,
“syncSourceId” : -1,
“infoMessage” : “”,
“electionTime” : Timestamp(1596792693, 1),
“electionDate” : ISODate(“2020-08-07T09:31:33Z” www.qq-ct.com),
“configVersion” : 1,
“self” : true,
“lastHeartbeatMessage” : “”
},
{
“_id” : 1,
“name” : “192.168.128.209:27017”,
“health” : 1,
“state” : 2,
“stateStr” : “SECONDARY”,
“uptime” : 5882,
“optime” : {
“ts” : Timestamp(1596798563, 1),
“t” : NumberLong(1)
},
“optimeDurable” : {
“ts” : Timestamp(1596798563, 1),
“t” : NumberLong(1)
},
“optimeDate” : ISODate(“2020-08-07T11:09:23Z”),
“optimeDurableDate” : ISODate(“2020-08-07T11:09:23Z”),
“lastHeartbeat” : ISODate(“2020-08-07T11:09:23.672Z”),
“lastHeartbeatRecv” : ISODate(“2020-08-07T11:09:22.804Z”),
“pingMs” : NumberLong(0),
“lastHeartbeatMessage” : “”,
“syncingTo” : “192.168.128.208:27017”,
“syncSourceHost” : “192.168.128.208:27017”,
“syncSourceId” : 0,
“infoMessage” : “”,
“configVersion” : 1
},
{
“_id” : 2,
“name” : “192.168.128.209:28017”,
“health” : 1,
“state” : 7,
“stateStr” : “ARBITER”,
“uptime” : 5882,
“lastHeartbeat” : ISODate(“2020-08-07T11:09:23.672Z”),
“lastHeartbeatRecv” : ISODate(“2020-08-07T11:09:22.952Z”),
“pingMs” : NumberLong(0),
“lastHeartbeatMessage” : “”,
“syncingTo” : “”,
“syncSourceHost” : “”,
“syncSourceId” : -1,
“infoMessage” : “”,
“configVersion” : 1
}
],
“ok” : 1,
“$clusterTime” : {
“clusterTime” : Timestamp(1596798563, 1),
“signature” : {
“hash” : BinData(0,“AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA=”),
“keyId” : NumberLong(0)
}
},
“operationTime” : Timestamp(1596798563, 1)
}
test1:PRIMARY>

3 修正为认证形式

为考虑安全性等，需要开启认证形式（需要经过用户名/密码方法登录）

3.1 创立用户

创立超级管理员账号

test1:PRIMARY> db.createUser({user: “root”, pwd: “Root#123”, roles: [{role: “root”, db: “admin”}]})
Successfully added user: {
“user” : “root”,
“roles” : [
{
“role” : “root”,
“db” : “admin”
}
]
}

3.2 创立key文件

在主库上履行脚本生成key文件，然后将结拷贝到别的2个节点

[root@m1 mongodb]# cd /data/mongodb/27017/keyfile/

[root@m1 keyfile]# openssl rand -base64 756 > mongo.key

[root@m1 keyfile]# chmod 600 mongo.key # 必须修正为600权限，不然无法启动

以上完成后，将文件复制到别的2个节点

3.3 修正配置文件

配置文件中 增加如下内容，留意不同节点的文件途径

security:

authorization: enabled

clusterAuthMode: keyFile

keyFile: /data/mongodb/27017/keyfile/mongo.key

3.4 重启后并用认证形式登陆

封闭mongodb
[root@m1 keyfile]# /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /data/mongodb/27017/etc/mongod.conf -shutdown
killing process with pid: 30675

启动mongodb
[root@m1 keyfile]# /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /data/mongodb/27017/etc/mongod.conf about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 2430

child process started successfully, parent exiting

认证形式登陆
[root@m1 keyfile]#
[root@m1 keyfile]# /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongo -u root -p ‘Root#123’ --authenticationDatabase admin

至此，mongodb 副本集搭建完毕，你会了吗？