Centos7.9重新对新加硬盘分区

Centos7.9重新对新加硬盘分区

1.查看机器所挂硬盘及分区情况

fdisk -l

[root@E0-9D-31-A3-0B-10 ~]# fdisk -l   
磁盘 /dev/sdb：1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 字节，1953525168 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 4096 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：4096 字节 / 4096 字节
磁盘标签类型：dos
磁盘标识符：0x33f12d5c

   设备 Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1              63  1953520064   976760001    f  W95 Ext'd (LBA)
Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.
/dev/sdb5             126  1953520064   976759969+  83  Linux
Partition 5 does not start on physical sector boundary.

也可以通过以下命令查看

lsblk

[root@E0-9D-31-A3-0B-10 ~]# lsblk
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0 119.2G  0 disk 
├─sda1            8:1    0   200M  0 part /boot/efi
├─sda2            8:2    0     1G  0 part /boot
└─sda3            8:3    0   118G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0    50G  0 lvm  /
  ├─centos-swap 253:1    0   7.8G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
  └─centos-home 253:2    0  60.3G  0 lvm  /home
sdb               8:16   0 931.5G  0 disk 
├─sdb1            8:17   0     1K  0 part 
└─sdb5            8:21   0 931.5G  0 part

我需要对sdb这个新加的硬盘进行分区

2.先对新硬盘进行分区

[root@E0-9D-31-A3-0B-10 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
欢迎使用 fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2)。

更改将停留在内存中，直到您决定将更改写入磁盘。
使用写入命令前请三思。

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
使用磁盘标识符 0x491f2ee6 创建新的 DOS 磁盘标签。

The device presents a logical sector size that is smaller than
the physical sector size. Aligning to a physical sector (or optimal
I/O) size boundary is recommended, or performance may be impacted.

命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：m
命令操作
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   g   create a new empty GPT partition table
   G   create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
分区号 (1-4，默认 1)：
起始 扇区 (2048-1953525167，默认为 2048)：
将使用默认值 2048
Last 扇区, +扇区 or +size{K,M,G} (2048-1953525167，默认为 1953525167)：
将使用默认值 1953525167
分区 1 已设置为 Linux 类型，大小设为 931.5 GiB

命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
正在同步磁盘。
[root@E0-9D-31-A3-0B-10 ~]# lsblk
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0 119.2G  0 disk 
├─sda1            8:1    0   200M  0 part /boot/efi
├─sda2            8:2    0     1G  0 part /boot
└─sda3            8:3    0   118G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0    50G  0 lvm  /
  ├─centos-swap 253:1    0   7.8G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
  └─centos-home 253:2    0  60.3G  0 lvm  /home
sdb               8:16   0 931.5G  0 disk 
└─sdb1            8:17   0 931.5G  0 part 

输入n选择新增硬盘，输入p选择primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)格式，输入w进行保存

3.再格式化新建的分区

[root@E0-9D-31-A3-0B-10 ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1
meta-data=/dev/sdb               isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=61047662 blks
         =                       sectsz=4096  attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=244190646, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=119233, version=2
         =                       sectsz=4096  sunit=1 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

把我的新硬盘/dev/sdb格式化为xfs文件系统

4.创建挂载目录

我需要挂载新硬盘到/data目录下

[root@E0-9D-31-A3-0B-10 ~]# mkdir /data

5.进行挂载

[root@E0-9D-31-A3-0B-10 data]# mount /dev/sdb1 /data
[root@E0-9D-31-A3-0B-10 data]# df -h
文件系统                 容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
devtmpfs                 3.8G     0  3.8G    0% /dev
tmpfs                    3.8G     0  3.8G    0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    3.8G  9.7M  3.8G    1% /run
tmpfs                    3.8G     0  3.8G    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root   50G  6.4G   44G   13% /
/dev/sda2               1014M  171M  844M   17% /boot
/dev/sda1                200M   12M  189M    6% /boot/efi
/dev/mapper/centos-home   61G  112M   61G    1% /home
tmpfs                    772M   12K  772M    1% /run/user/42
tmpfs                    772M     0  772M    0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1                932G   33M  932G    1% /data

6.uuid挂载(开机自启自动挂载)

[root@E0-9D-31-A3-0B-10 data]# blkid
/dev/sda1: SEC_TYPE="msdos" UUID="9979-F891" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="EFI System Partition" PARTUUID="7c133e8e-53c0-43ce-940d-df7a3bc0af0e" 
/dev/sda2: UUID="edddff9f-1f07-4b79-88ba-8b12c1a55cb9" TYPE="xfs" PARTUUID="6c69b89f-7578-406d-b633-1f6815b6a045" 
/dev/sda3: UUID="7By5vV-aDef-YGgC-GuWT-84hc-knwN-NFv7M3" TYPE="LVM2_member" PARTUUID="2658e75c-e251-4f30-b38a-6ae0a842f202" 
/dev/mapper/centos-root: UUID="906ab4d5-d8c5-4e7a-929e-c09d4749e67b" TYPE="xfs" 
/dev/mapper/centos-swap: UUID="5a1e7ceb-8a13-435f-ac27-ee282a017e3c" TYPE="swap" 
/dev/mapper/centos-home: UUID="8de75882-51b7-4e11-8159-be588911d7f9" TYPE="xfs" 
/dev/sdb1: UUID="8cf752cc-9585-43d8-a300-4e127d045a87" TYPE="xfs" 
[root@E0-9D-31-A3-0B-10 data]# cat /etc/fstab

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Sun Nov 12 01:27:53 2023
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/centos-root /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=edddff9f-1f07-4b79-88ba-8b12c1a55cb9 /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=9979-F891          /boot/efi               vfat    umask=0077,shortname=winnt 0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-home /home                   xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
[root@E0-9D-31-A3-0B-10 data]# echo "UUID=8cf752cc-9585-43d8-a300-4e127d045a87 /data xfs    defaults        0 0" >> /etc/fstab
[root@E0-9D-31-A3-0B-10 data]# cat /etc/fstab

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Sun Nov 12 01:27:53 2023
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/centos-root /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=edddff9f-1f07-4b79-88ba-8b12c1a55cb9 /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=9979-F891          /boot/efi               vfat    umask=0077,shortname=winnt 0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-home /home                   xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
UUID=8cf752cc-9585-43d8-a300-4e127d045a87 /data xfs    defaults        0 0
[root@E0-9D-31-A3-0B-10 data]# mount -a

mount -a立即挂载