分享一下我的SqlHelper类,翻译微软petshop

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Collections;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
namespace DBHelper
{
    public abstract class SqlHelper
    {
        //数据库连接字符串
        public static readonly string LocalConnectionString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["LocalConnectionString"].ConnectionString;
       
        //用HashTable缓存参数
        private static Hashtable paramCache = Hashtable.Synchronized(new Hashtable());

        /// <summary>
        /// 以指定的数据库连接字符串执行不返回结果集的sql命令
        /// 没有SqlParameter[]可以不写
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.: 
        ///  int result = ExecuteNonQuery(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "PublishOrders", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connectionString">一个有效的数据库连接字符串</param>
        /// <param name="cmdType">CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.) 任选其一</param>
        /// <param name="cmdText">存储过程名称或者T-SQL语句</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">用于执行sql命令的SqlParameter数组</param>
        /// <returns>一个表示sql命令影响行数的整数</returns>
        public static int ExecuteNonQuery(string connectionString, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();

            using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
            {
                PrepareCommand(cmd, conn, null, cmdType, cmdText, commandParameters);
                int result = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
                cmd.Parameters.Clear();
                return result;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 使用已存在的SqlConnection执行不返回结果集的sql命令
        /// 没有SqlParameter[]可以不写
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="connection">一个现有的SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="cmdType">CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.) 任选其一</param>
        /// <param name="cmdText">存储过程名称或者T-SQL语句</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">用于执行sql命令的SqlParameter数组</param>
        /// <returns>一个表示sql命令影响行数的整数</returns>
        public static int ExecuteNonQuery(SqlConnection connection, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();

            PrepareCommand(cmd, connection, null, cmdType, cmdText, commandParameters);
            int result = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
            cmd.Parameters.Clear();
            return result;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 使用已存在的SqlTransaction执不返回结果集的sql命令
        /// 没有SqlParameter[]可以不写
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="trans">一个现有的SqlTransaction</param>
        /// <param name="cmdType">CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.) 任选其一</param>
        /// <param name="cmdText">存储过程名称或者T-SQL语句</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">用于执行sql命令的SqlParameter数组</param>
        /// <returns>一个表示sql命令影响行数的整数</returns>
        public static int ExecuteNonQuery(SqlTransaction trans, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
            PrepareCommand(cmd, trans.Connection, trans, cmdType, cmdText, commandParameters);
            int result = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
            cmd.Parameters.Clear();
            return result;
        }

        /// <summary>
        ///  以指定的数据库连接字符串执行返回结果集的sql命令,没有参数可以不写
        /// 没有SqlParameter[]可以不写
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.: 
        ///  SqlDataReader r = ExecuteReader(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "PublishOrders", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connectionString">一个有效的数据库连接字符串</param>
        /// <param name="cmdType">CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.) 任选其一</param>
        /// <param name="cmdText">存储过程名称或者T-SQL语句</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">用于执行sql命令的SqlParameter数组</param>
        /// <returns>一个包含结果的SqlDataReader</returns>
        public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReader(string connectionString, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
            SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString);

            //这里使用try/catch的原因是,如果发生异常,SqlDataReader不存在CommandBehavior.CloseConnection不会工作
            try
            {
                PrepareCommand(cmd, connection, null, cmdType, cmdText, commandParameters);
                SqlDataReader dr = cmd.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior.CloseConnection);
                cmd.Parameters.Clear();
                return dr;
            }
            catch
            {
                connection.Close();
                throw;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 以指定的数据库连接字符串执行只返回第一行第一列数据的sql命令
        /// 没有SqlParameter[]可以不写
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="connectionString">一个有效的数据库连接字符串</param>
        /// <param name="cmdType">CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.) 任选其一</param>
        /// <param name="cmdText">存储过程名称或者T-SQL语句</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">用于执行sql命令的SqlParameter数组</param>
        /// <returns>An Object 应始终进行强制类型转换</returns>
        public static object ExecuteScalar(string connectionString, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();

            using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
            {
                PrepareCommand(cmd, connection, null, cmdType, cmdText, commandParameters);
                object val = cmd.ExecuteScalar();
                cmd.Parameters.Clear();
                return val;
            }

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 使用已存在的SqlConnection执行只返回第一行第一列数据的sql命令
        /// 没有SqlParameter[]可以不写
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="connection">一个现有的SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="cmdType">CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.) 任选其一</param>
        /// <param name="cmdText">存储过程名称或者T-SQL语句</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">用于执行sql命令的SqlParameter数组</param>
        /// <returns>An Object 应始终进行强制类型转换</returns>
        public static object ExecuteScalar(SqlConnection connection, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();

            PrepareCommand(cmd, connection, null, cmdType, cmdText, commandParameters);
            object val = cmd.ExecuteScalar();
            cmd.Parameters.Clear();
            return val;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 在缓存中添加参数数组
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cacheKey">缓存的键(有意义的字符串)</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">缓存的值(SqlParameter[])</param>
        public static void CacheParameters(string cacheKey, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            paramCache[cacheKey] = commandParameters;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 检索缓存的参数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cacheKey">用于检索缓存的键</param>
        /// <returns>匹配的SqlParameter[]</returns>
        public static SqlParameter[] GetCachedParameters(string cacheKey)
        {
            SqlParameter[] cached = (SqlParameter[])paramCache[cacheKey];

            if (cached == null)
                return null;

            SqlParameter[] cloned =new SqlParameter[cached.Length];

            for (int i = 0, j = cached.Length; i < j; i++)
            {
                cloned[i] = (SqlParameter)((ICloneable)cached[i]).Clone();
            }
            return cloned;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 在执行sql命令之前预处理SqlCommand
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cmd">SqlCommand对象</param>
        /// <param name="conn">SqlConnection对象</param>
        /// <param name="trans">SqlTransaction对象</param>
        /// <param name="cmdType">CommandType (stored procedure, text) 任选其一</param>
        /// <param name="cmdText">命令字符串 例如: select * from superman</param>
        /// <param name="cmdParams">用于执行sql命令的SqlParameter数组</param>
        private static void PrepareCommand(SqlCommand cmd, SqlConnection conn, SqlTransaction trans, CommandType cmdType, string cmdText, SqlParameter[] cmdParams)
        {
            if (conn.State != ConnectionState.Open)
                conn.Open();

            cmd.Connection = conn;
            cmd.CommandText = cmdText;

            if (trans != null)
                cmd.Transaction = trans;

            cmd.CommandType = cmdType;

            if (cmdParams != null)
            {
                foreach (SqlParameter param in cmdParams)
                    cmd.Parameters.Add(param);
            }
        }
    }
}